history of technology

1. Module 2: History
of Computer:
Basic Computing
Periods

2. 0
1
0
2
0
3
Objectives
Gain familiarity of the different
discoveries during the
different periods.
Learn different inventions and
discoveries during electro-mechanical
age that lead to the inventions of today’s
technology.
Identify different technologies
and their improvements during
the different generations.

3. Definition of Computer
Computer is a porgrammable machine.
Computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data. It has the
ability to store, retrieve and process data.
Computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions
(program).
Computer is any device which aids humans in performing various kinds of
computations or calculations.
Three principal characteristics of computer:
 It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.
 It can execute a pre-recorded list of instructions.
 It can quickly store and retrieve large amount of data.

4. Applications of
ICT
(Computers) in
Our Daily Lives
01

5. Business
 Use computers to store and
manage accounts, personnel
records, manage projects,
track inventory, create
presentations and
communicate with
customers.
 Computers can be used to
provide audio-visual
packages, interactive
exercises and remote-learning,
as well as access educational
information and monitor
student performance.
 Technology has revolutionized
healthcare, allowing doctors
to access the latest drugs and
share information with other
specialists.
Education Health Care
Retail and
Trade
 Computers can be used to
buy and sell products online,
allowing sellers to reach a
wider market and buyers to
compare prices, read
reviews, and choose delivery.
Government
 Government department use
computers to improve quality
and efficiency of services,
store information, promote
services, communicate and
perform administrative tasks.
Banking &
Finances
 Banks store customer account
data and customer behavior to
streamline marketing.

6.  Computers are increasingly
used to maintain safety and
navigation systems, drive,
fly or steer and identify
problems.
 Remote working allows
workers to access data,
communicate and share
information without
commuting, allowing
managers to monitor
productivity.
 Navigation has become
increasingly computerized,
making it easier to pinpoint
location, know which way to
move and find amenities and
places of interest.
 Computers are used by
the military to train,
analyze intelligence,
control smart
technology, provide
geospatial information
and target forces.
Transport
Working from
home
Navigation Military

7.  Computers have
enabled socializing
through social media,
dating sites, groups,
blogs, forums and
more.
 Computers can be
used to explore and
book accommodation,
guided tours,
excursions, events and
trips.
 Robotics combines computers
with science and engineering
to create machines that can
replace humans or do specific
jobs that humans are unable to
do.
 Computer technology and
other technologies are
being used to monitor
people and goods, making
it easier to identify
terrorists and criminals.
 Computers can process
large amounts of
meteorological
information, making it
easier to predict the
future.
Social &
Romance
Booking
Vaction
Robotics
Security &
Surveillance
Weather
Forecasting

8. History of
computer:
Basic Computing
Periods

9. a) Tally Sticks
b) Abacus
c) Napie’s Bones
d) Slide Rule

10. e) Pascaline
f) Stepped Reckoner
g) Jacquard Loom
h) Arithmometer
i) Difference Engine &
Analytical Engine
j) Augusta Ada Byron

11. k) Scheutzian
Calculation Engine
m) Harvard Mark
1
o) Atanasoff-
Berry Computer
(ABC)
l) Tabulating
Machine
n) Z1 p) ENIAC

12. q) UNIVAC 1
r) EDVAC
s) The First
Portable Computer
t) The First
Computer Company