EEON104-lesson 1

1. UNIT 8: The weather & experience

2. go to a primary school бага сургуульд явах
not very keen on it үүнд дуртай байдаггүй
want to talk about тухай ярихыг хүсэх
sunny нартай
in the beginning of autumn намрын эхэнд
rich season баян улирал
full of fruit жимсээр дүүрэн
cold and windy хүйтэн бөгөөд салхитай
it rains a lot бороо их ордог
foggy манантай
leaves of the trees модны навчис
fall down унадаг
temperature falls below zero агаарын хэм хасах руу ордог
stormy winds салхин шуурга
sit inside by the fire галын дэргэд дотор суух
1Vocabulary
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3. outside гадаа
hard frosts хатуу цан
skating тэшүүрээр гулгах
sledging чаргаар гулгах
skiing цанаар гулгах
go abroad гадаад руу явах
wet чийгтэй
warm дулаан
full of blossom дэлбээлж буй цэцэгсээр дүүрэн
everywhere хаа сайгүй
weather цаг агаар
changeable өөрчлөгддөг
especially ялангуяа
cloudy үүлэрхэг
quick showers түр зуурын бороо шиврэх
1Vocabulary
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4. rainstorms with thunder and lightning аянга цахилгаантай аадар бороо
take a holiday амралтаа авах
play in the snow цасан дээр тоглох
feel the cold даарах
receive a new sledge шинэ чаргатай болох
put on warm clothes дулаан хувцас өмсөх
pull the sled up the hill гүвээ өөд чаргаа чирэх
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follow дагах
reach the top оройд нь хүрэх
sit on the sled чарган дээр суух
reach the bottom хормойд нь хүрэх
all the way down the hill гүвээгээр уруудах замын турш
decide шийдэх
finally эцэст нь
ride down the hill гүвээ уруудан гулгах

5. It’s clear sky тэнгэр цэлмэг байна
It’s cloudy үүлэрхэг байна
It’s partially cloudy бага зэрэг үүлэрхэг
It’s overcast тэнгэр бүрхэг байна
It’s drizzling бороо шивэрч байна
It’s showering түр зуурын бороо орж байна
It’s raining бороо орж байна
It’s pouring бороо цутгаж байна
It’s flurrying цас хаялж байна
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1Vocabulary
It’s snowing цас орж байна
It’s chilly сэрүүхэн байна
It’s warm дулаан байна
It’s freezing cold тэсгим хүйтэн байна
What’s the weather like? Цаг агаар ямар байна?
How’s the weather? Цаг агаар ямар байна?
It’s minus 20/ It’s minus 20 degrees Celsius -25 °C -ын хэмтэй байна
It’s 25 degrees today/It’s 25 degrees Celsius today 25 °C-ын дулаан байна

6. 2Grammar
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Usages Structure Key words Examples
1 action finished recently (сан4, чихсан)
2 action began in the past and continues
up to the present (ж байна, аад4 байна)
3 action has happened in the unfinished
time (чихаад4 байна г.м)
4 talk about experiences not mentioning
exact time (сан4)
5 focus on the action (сан4)
6 action finished but its result is visible in
the present (чихаж4, чихсан4 байна)
7 action happened in the unstated time
(сан4)
8 announce a piece of news (сан4)
S + have/has V3 + O + M
1 just, already
2 for, since, How
long…(?)
3 this morning, today, this
year…, so far, recently,
lately
4 Have you ever…(?),
ever, never, once, twice,
three times etc.
5 yet, no keywords
6 no key words
7 no keywords
8 no keywords
He has finished his
job.
S + haven’t/hasn’t +V3+O+M He hasn’t finished his
job.
Have/Has + S + V3 + O +M? Has he finished his
job?
-No, he hasn’t.
-Yes, he has.
Present Perfect Tense
Төгс одоо цаг
* Цэнхэрээр бичсэн нь дуусаагүй/unfinished үйлдлүүд

7. Examples
I’ve just finished my homework. Би дөнгөж сая даалгавраа хийсэн.
She’s already gone. Тэр аль хэдийнэ явчихсан.
I’ve been very busy recently. Би сүүлийн үед завгүй байлаа.
Have you seen him lately? Чи ойрд түүнийг харсан уу?
I’ve explained her twice today. Би өнөөдөр түүнд 2 удаа тайлбарласан.
I haven’t met him this year. Би энэ жил түүнтэй уулзаагүй.
Have you ever sat on a rollercoaster? Чи галзуу хулгана дээр сууж үзсэн үү?
I’ve sat on it once. Би нэг удаа сууж байсан.
My son’s spilt blueberry juice on the carpet. Миний хүү хивсэн дээр нэрсний шүүс асгачихсан.
Rita has broken her wrist. Рита бугуйгаа хугалчихсан.
She has lost a lot of weight. Тэр их жин хаясан байна.
I’ve collected all necessary documents. Би бүх хэрэгтэй бичиг баримтыг бүрдүүлсэн.
I’ve found a job. Би ажилд орсон.
How long have you lived here? Та энд хэр удаан амьдарсан бэ?
She’s been ill for 3 days. Тэр 3 өдөр өвдөж байна.
I haven’t received a message so far. Би одоог болтол зурвас аваагүй л байна.
Have you cooked dinner? Чи хоолоо хийсэн үү?
Have you seen my bag? Миний цүнхийг харсан уу?
2Grammar
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8. Reading 1: A year in my country
Hi Friends! I’m Peter from Hungary. I go to a primary school.
I just want to talk about a year in my country. School starts on
1st September. (Children are not very keen on it!) It’s often sunny
in the beginning of autumn. And it is a rich season because trees
are full of fruit. But in October and November it’s usually cold and windy. It rains a lot and it’s
often foggy. The leaves of the trees fall down.
Winter is usually very cold. The temperature falls below zero. It often snows and there
are stormy winds. It is good to sit inside by the fire when the cold wind is blowing outside. There
are usually hard frosts. Many people like winter because of winter sports like skating, sledging,
skiing, snowboarding etc. In Hungary there aren’t very high mountains so people go abroad
skiing.
I like spring a lot because after the long cold, wet and foggy days it is warm again.
Trees and bushes are full of blossom. You can see lovely spring flowers everywhere. The
weather is quite changeable especially in April. It often rains and there can be hard winds too.
Sometimes it’s cloudy but most of the time it is warm and sunny.
My favourite season is summer. It is very hot in July and August. Sometimes there are
quick showers or rainstorms with thunder and lightning. There are lots of fruit in summer.
Children prefer the summer to all other seasons because there is no school and we can
take our holidays.
3Reading
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9. 3Reading
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Reading 2: Who is she?
What has she done? What has happened?
Recently, it has snowed in Maria's town. In the
last week, it has snowed three times. Maria has always
loved the snow. She has played in the snow many times
before.
Maria's dog, Sparky, has never played in the
snow. This is Sparky's first snow. He has not felt the
cold yet.
Maria has just received a new sled for
Christmas. She puts on her warm clothes and snow
boots. She pulls the sled up the hill. Sparky has run
outside with Maria. Sparky has followed Maria up the
hill. He feels good!
Maria has finally reached the top. She sits on
her sled. She rides down the hill. Sparky runs beside
the sled. They have finally reached the bottom. Sparky
has followed Maria all the way down the hill. Sparky has
decided that he likes the snow too!

10. Conversation
Jerry: Have you been to China before?
Fay: No, I haven’t. This is the first time I’ve been here. How about you?
Jerry: Yes. I’ve been here twice on business.
Fay: Have you ever been to the Great Wall? I've heard it said that you are not a "true man" until you've stood
on the Great Wall.
Jerry: Yes, I have. It was very impressive! The scenery from the wall is quite spectacular.
Fay: Since you've been to the Great Wall, you are a "true man", right?
Jerry: I suppose so.
Жерри: Чи Хятадад урьд нь ирж байсан уу?
Фэй: Үгүйээ, ирж байгаагүй. Би энд анх удаагаа ирж байна. Харин чи?
Жерри : Тиймээ. Би энд 2 удаа ажлаар ирж байсан.
Фэй : Чи Цагаан хэрэм лүү очиж байсан уу? Цагаан хэрэм дээр зогсож үзээгүй бол хүн биш гэж ярьдаг
гэж би сонссон.
Жерри : Тиймээ, би очиж байсан. Үнэхээр сэтгэл хөдлөм шүү! Хэрмэн дээрээс байгаль нь гайхалтай
сайхан харагддаг.
Фэй : Цагаан хэрмэн дээр очиж байсан юм чинь чи ч хүн мөн болж таарлаа, тийм үү?
Жерри : Тийм л юм шиг байна.
4Speaking
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11. Questions
Answer the following questions.
1. What’s the weather like today?
2. What’s your favorite season, and why?
3. What’s the climate like in Mongolia?
4. Do you have snow in your country?
5. Have you ever been to any English speaking countries?
6. Have you ever met a celebrity? If so, who was it?
7. Have you ever been on TV?
8. Have you ever swum in the ocean?
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12. Translation
Translate the sentences into English.
1. Монгол 4-н улиралтай.
2. Та Хөвсгөл явж үзсэн үү?
3. Миний хувьд зун хамгийн сайхан улирал.
4. Чи түүнтэй уулзаа юу?
5. Би дөнгөж сая ирсэн.
6. Монголд хавар нэлээд салхитай байдаг бөгөөд энэ нь хамтгийн хуурай улирал.
7. Тэр эмэгтэй Африк руу хэзээ ч явж үзээгүй.
8. Та Болороотой яриа юу?
9. Би энэ киног 3-н удаа үзсэн.
10. Наана чинь ойрд бороо орсон уу?
11. Би тэр эрэгтэйтэй хэзээ ч ярьж үзээгүй.
12. Тэр энэ долоо хоногт 3-н удаа үг хэлсэн. /give a speech/
13. Миний найз надад хэзээ ч худлаа хэлж байгаагүй.
14. Чи энэ дууг урьд нь сонсож байсан уу?
15. Өчигдөр орой -20 градустай байсан.
16. Чиний хувьд хамгийн сайхан улирал юу вэ?
5Translation
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