This document discusses concepts and measures of poverty. It defines poverty and outlines several common measures used to assess poverty, including the international poverty line of $250/person/year. It also discusses the headcount index, poverty gap index, and squared poverty gap index - three common metrics used to measure the incidence, depth, and severity of poverty. The document notes that by 1999, about 77% of poor countries had estimated poverty levels and 69% had developed poverty reduction plans, showing increasing focus on addressing poverty at national and international levels.

1. Concept of poverty and poverty
measurement

2.  Poverty defined
 Measures of poverty
 Measures of poverty-UNDP apporach
 Long and healthy life
 Poverty reduction

3. Introduction
 During the past decade poverty reduction
emerged as one of the primary goals on the
development agenda of national G V and
International agencies.

4. • The world Development report had a special
report about the poor.While the world summit
for social development made commitments at
the united nations levels to eradicate extreme
poverty on earth.
• The UNDP poverty report of 2000 was another
watershed showing the concern of the UN
organazation to address poverty and related
issues.

5. • About 77% of poor countries had completed
their poverty estimates.
• While 69% had developed poverty reduction
plans by 1999.
• The Market oriented economic reforms and
poverty reduction has emerged in spite of the
family established reo classical views on pro
market reforms.

6. • Faliure to posses some basic
capabilities,which could lead to a condition of
material deprevation.
• Basic capabilities reffered to above may
include basic materials conditions such as
food,sheltor,clothes and other higher social
advancement in terms of having adequate
powers and freedoms to make decisions for
the betterment of the community.

7.  Empowerment
 Good mental and physical health education.
 Freedom of expression and choice in regard to
decision making and implimentation.

8. Poverty line
• Most widely used measures of poverty has
been the international poverty line constant
US$ 250 per person per year designed in
1985.
• Lower poverty line
• The upper powerty line US$ 1
perperson,perday.

9. • The measures through very arbitrary. Provides
an idea about the poverty threshold of
countries and the number of people within
those thresholds.
• Measure poverty trends over time.
• The headcount index
• The poverty gap index
• The squared poverty gap index

10. Considering about headcount index
• Define as the percentage of population below the
poverty line
• This index shows the incidence of poverty in a
given country.
• Using data about
• 1985-30% of people in sub-sab area Africa
• 29% - South Asia
• 9% - East Asia belong to the extremely poor
category.

11. • Using RS 471.20 – per person per month at
1990 prices.
• The headcount index for Sri lanka in 1990-
1991 was 22.36%

12. Poverty Gap Index
• The poverty gap index is defined as the
aggregate income shortfall of the poor as a
percentage of aggregate consumption levels
of the poor as propotion of poverty line and
the consumption levels of the poor.
• Propotion of poverty line divided by