municipal act by Dr venkateswarlu gogana.

1. MUNICIPAL CORPORATION
FRAMEWORK AND ROLES
By
Dr. Venkateswarlu Gogana

2. BACKGROUND
• Prior to the implementation of the 1992 Act, urban local government was defined by the
Municipal Corporations, Municipal Councils, Town Area Committees and Notified Area
Councils/Committees.
• The structure and composition of municipalities varied considerably, with wide differences in
definition and structure between States.
• The 1992 Act brought uniformity in the constitution of the municipal bodies by classifying them
as
– Municipal Corporations for large urban areas,
– Municipal Councils for smaller urban areas,
– Nagar Panchayats and suburban government bodies.
• The Municipal Corporation of a state is divided into zones and
– Every zone has its Municipal Commissioner, followed by
• Municipal Corporation Inspectors.

3. MUNICIPAL GOVERNANCE
• The purpose of municipal governance and strategic urban planning in a country is to create
effective
✓ RESPONSIVE
✓ DEMOCRATIC
✓ TRANSPARENT
✓ ACCOUNTABLE LOCAL GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK
• The Municipalities Act, 1992 set up through the 74th Amendment Act also provides for a
three tier municipal system in the urban centres.
• The size and criteria of these municipal bodies are decided by the state legislature as it is set
up under an Act of the state legislature.
• The Twelfth Schedule of Constitution (Article 243 w) provides an illustrative list of eighteen
functions, that may be entrusted to the municipalities.
• Reservation of seats for ST,SC,OBC & women are similarly provided.

4. ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF INDIA

5. STRUCTURE OF MUNICIPAL GOVERNANCE OF A METROPOLIS:
• Municipal Corporation - It is the topmost of
urban local government and is for an urban
area/centre with population above 3 lacs.
• It is set up under a special statute passed by
the respective state's legislature.
Union Parliament.

6. LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN URBAN AREAS
• There are more than 3000 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in India
• Based on the 74th Constitution Amendment Act, there are three types of ULBs
✓ MUNICIPAL CORPORATION (NAGAR NIGAM)
✓ MUNICIPALITY (NAGAR PALIKA)
✓ CITY COUNCIL (NAGAR PANCHAYAT)
• According to the Act, there needs to be:-
✓ A CITY COUNCIL FOR AREAS IN TRANSITION FROM RURAL TO URBAN
✓ A MUNICIPALITY FOR SMALL URBAN AREAS
✓ A MUNICIPAL CORPORATION FOR LARGE URBAN AREAS
• The functions and powers of ULBs vary from state to state

7. MUNICIPAL CORPORATION
• Municipal Corporations function under the provisions of the Corporation Act 1835
• The Corporations are elected directly by the people. Elected members serve a term of
5 years
• Municipal Corporations provide necessary community services such as health care,
educational centres etc
• Municipal Corporations interact directly with the state governments
• The head of the Corporation is the Mayor. The principal executive officer is the
Municipal Commissioner (an IAS officer)
Bonthu Rammohan
Dr B Janardhan Reddy taking charge as the new
GHMC Commissioner from Somesh Kumar

8. Municipal Corporation
• Sources of income
– Taxes on property, water, markets,
entertainment
– Taxes on vehicles
– Grants from the state government
– Keywords: India, ias, upsc, civil
service, free, study material, exam,
general studies, Indian polity
• Functions of Municipal
Corporations
– Water supply
– Hospitals
– Urban planning
– Roads
– Street lighting
– Sanitation
– Waste disposal
– Fire services
– Records of births and deaths

9. Municipality
• Municipalities interact with the state government through the Directorate of
Municipalities or the District Collector
• Members of Municipalities are elected for a period of five years.
• The head of the Municipality is the President, elected by and from the members.
• The state government also appoints a Chief Officer and other officers such as Health
Inspector, Sanitation Inspector etc. to assist the President.
• Their sources of income and functions are pretty much the same as that of Municipal
Corporations
District Municipalities Total
Adilabad Adilabad 1
YBG Bhongir 1
Khammam Kothagudem, Manuguru, Palwancha, Yellandu 4
Mahbubnagar Gadwal, Mahabubnagar, Narayanpet, Shadnagar, Wanaparthy 5
Medak Medak, Sadasivpet, Sangareddy, Siddipet, Zaheerabad 6
Nalgonda Miryalguda, Nalgonda 2
Nizamabad Armoor, Bodhan, Kamareddy, 3
Ranga Reddy Meerpet, Jillelguda, Boduppaml, Peerzadiguda, Tandur, Vikarabad 6
Suryapet Kodad, Suryapet 2
Mancherial Bellampally, Mancherial, Mandamarri 3
Warangal Jangaon, Mahabubabad 2
No. of Municipalities 39

10. City Council
• City Council administer urban areas having population greater than 30,000 and less
than 100,000
• However, as an exception, all previous Town Area Committees (more than 5000 less
than 20,000) have been reclassified as City Councils.
• City Councils have a Chairman and ward members.
• Ward members included elected members (min 10) and nominated members (min 3)

11. Functions of Municipal Corporations
Obligatory - Supply of wholesome water and construction and maintenance of water
works, supply of electricity, road transport services, construction, maintenance, naming
and numbering of public streets, lighting, watering and cleaning public streets etc.
Discretionary - Construction of public parks, gardens, libraries, museums, theatres and
stadiums, public housing, planting of trees on road sides and elsewhere, provision of relief
to destitute and disabled persons, civil reception of VIPs, registration of marriages,
organization and management of fairs and exhibitions.

12. DEFINITION
Decentralization is the process of redistributing
or dispersing functions, powers, people or things
away from a central location or authority.
INTRODUCTION To Decentralization System In The Municipalities
Centralised Decentralised
EVOLUTION OF DECENTRALIZATION IN INDIA :
As we approach 21st century Indian polity has been striving for establishing democratic goals
through modernizing its political and administrative institutions. With a change in development paradigms,
the focus of development planning has shifted to participatory development with social justice and equity.
73rd and 74th amendment is the first
decentralisation policy that has been
introduced in the constitution.
It has marked the beginning of a historical reform
to decentralize power at the grass root level in
urban/rural areas of the country.
✓Provision of basic services such as water supply, sewerage, sanitation, solid waste disposal and street
lighting has traditionally been the responsibility of the local governments.
✓These services are being provided through state government departments, state level boards, corporations
etc.

13. The larger cities became hub of
economic activities because they were
able to provide the basic minimum
infrastructure requirement for overall
development.
NEED FOR DECENTRALIZATION IN MUNICIPALITIES
The increasing flow of investments
into the city needed adequate
infrastructure support in the form of
transport, basic amenities and
housing.
Need to devolve powers and
authorities to the lower tiers of
government- the municipal bodies that
are largely responsible for the provision
of infrastructure facilities.
From this discussion we can deduce the main
objectives of decentralisation
OBJECTIVE 1
Empower the municipal bodies both
administratively as well as
financially.
OBJECTIVE 2
Efficient municipal
service delivery

14. COMMISSIONER
ESTABLISHMENT
ENGINEERING
REVENUE
ESTATES
ACCOUNTS
AUDIT
TOWN
PLANNING
PUBLIC
HEALTH
HORTICULTURE
URBAN COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT FIRE
SPORTS
PUBLIC
RELATIONS
OFFICE
• The complete structure shows the decentralization of powers and responsibilities to
different departments.
• These department are further headed by different officers and their supporting staff.

15. TOWN PLANNING
CHIEF PLANNER
SUPERINDENT
• Advocate and promote planning
activities
• Technical support to appropriate
authorities in preparation of development
plans and TP schemes.
• Research and development for planning
• To evolve urban and regional standards
and guidelines.
ADDITIONAL CHIEF
TOWN PLANNER
SENIOR TOWN
PLANNER
SURVEYOR
URBAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT - ACTIVITIES
✓ Establishment of self help groups for women
empowerment.
✓ Provision of Group loans
✓ Skill Trainings

16. Questions:
1. What is the need of decentralization process?
A. The cities are able to provide the basic minimum infrastructure requirement
for overall development.
B. The cities are not able to provide the basic minimum infrastructure requirement
for overall development.
C. The cities are able to provide the infrastructure
D. None
2. Out of these which comes under the roles of a commissioner?
A. Public health
B. town planning
C. horticulture
D. all of them