This PPT is about the Indian Constitutional Amendment Act of 74th Amendment about the Urban Local Bodies.

1. NAGARPALIKA ACT
(74TH AMENDMENT)

2. BACKGROUND
• Term ‘Urban Local Government’ in India signifies the governance of an urban area
the people through their elected representatives.
• System of urban govt. was constitutionalized through the 74th constitutional
Amendment Act of 1992. The 74th CAA came into force on June 1, 1993.
• The Aim & Objectives of 74th CAA.
1. To set up institutional mechanism to facilitate decentralization.
2. Demarcate role of ULBs & specify their function.
3. Specify areas deemed as urban to include new urbanizing areas.
4. Ensure representation of public specially deprived class/women.
5. Ensure that ULBs are not superseded.

3. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Pre-Colonial Era ( Before 1857)
• Monarchs, local tribal ancient and empires such as the Mauryan and Gupta empires.
British Colonial Rule (1857-1947)
• Municipal Corporation Act of 1882.
Post-Independence Period (After 1947)
• 74th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992.
• Three-tier administrative system for municipal governance in India.
• Urban Local govt. have different types which is based on the population.
• The steps taken by the central government for the urban local bodies
 Nagar Panchayats  Municipal Councils  Municipal Corporations
 Smart Cities
Mission in 2015
 Pradhan Mantri
Awas Yojana
 Swachh Bharat
Mission
 Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and
Urban Transformation

4. • India's urban governments are divided into three levels:
• Nagar Panchayats: These are local bodies that govern areas in transition from rural to
urban. They typically provide basic amenities like water supply, sanitation, & street lighting.
• Municipal Councils or Nagar Palikas: These are local governments responsible for larger
urban areas. They provide a range of essential services to residents. These services are water
supply, waste management, and maintenance of local roads and public spaces.
• Municipal Corporations: These are India's largest and most complex urban governments.
They are responsible for managing large cities. A mayor typically heads municipal
corporations. They are responsible for providing healthcare, education, and public
transportation services.

5. • Eight types of urban local govt. in India, town area committee,township
Type of Government Important Points
Municipal Corporation-21 More than 1 Million
Municipality-152 More than 1 Lakh but Less than 1 Million
Town area committee local government body
Notified area committee address local issues in a specific area.
Cantonment board military area
Township Eg. parks, open spaces,
Port trust Developing a port or harbour.
Special purpose agency address specific issues in a particular sector.

6. 74th Amendment
• Article 243- The Indian constitution was amended by the Constitution Act 1956, which brought in the
definitions of Panchayats and Municipalities within the ambit of the Constitution.
• Article 243P- Metropolitan area means an area having a population of ten lakhs or more comprised in
one or more districts, and consisting of two or more Municipalities or Panchayats or other contiguous
areas, specified by the Governor by public notification to be Metropolitan area for the purpose of this
part.
• Article 243Q- Municipal Area means the territorial area of a Municipality as is notified by the
Governor or State Government- Municipality
• Article 243S- Municipality will be divided into territorial constituencies known as Wards.
• Article 243 T- SC and ST reservation according to the population and women will be given one-third
reserved seats.
• Article 243 U- 5 year term to the Municipalities, with the opportunity to be heard if they are to be
dissolved or superseded.
• Article 243 W- lays down some of the powers and functions of the Municipalities as listed out under
the Twelfth Schedule

7. Functional Domain -12th Schedule
The state Legislations to assign 18 functions to ULBs per 12th schedule result planning,
infrastructure, public health, solid waste, fire service, environment, poverty
alleviation, amenities, culture, education, aesthetic etc. The details are narrated below:
1. Urban Planning including town Planning
2. Regulation of land-use and construction of buildings.
3. Planning for economic and social development..
4. Roads and bridges.
5. Water supply for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes.
6. Public health, sanitation conservancy and solid waste management.
7. Fire services.
8. Urban forestry, protection of the environment and promotion of ecological aspects.

8. 9. Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society, including the handicapped
and mentally retarded.
10. Slum improvement and upgradation.
11. Urban poverty alleviation.
12. Provision of urban amenities and facilities such as parks, gardens, playgrounds.
13. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects.
14. Burials and burial grounds; cremations, cremation grounds; and electric
crematoriums.
15. Cattle pounds; prevention of cruelty to animals.
16. Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths.
17. Public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bus stops and public
conveniences.
18. Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries.

9. Constitution of Wards Committees
• Increase public involvement in local self-government.
• According to the State Municipal Act, the Wards Committee is formed by the Municipality and must
consist of at least 11 and no more than 21 members.
• Finances of Municipalities
• Raising and managing their own finances.
• Includes the collection of taxes and fees.
• Authority to borrow money and issue bonds.
Reservation of seats - Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women.
Duration of Municipalities- Five years

10. CONCLUSION
Municipal corporations are established in large cities with a population of more than
one million. They have significant powers and responsibilities. These responsibilities
are providing essential services, maintaining public infrastructure, ensuring public
health and sanitation, promoting education and culture, and supporting tourism and
recreation. the role of municipalities in India has evolved, and they have become
increasingly important. They address the challenges faced by urban areas, including
rapid urbanization, population growth, and the need for sustainable development.

11. THANK YOU