Myopathies Classification and physiotherapy management.pptx
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this slide shows a brief outline of various types of myopthies, a brief idea of its physical therapy management
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Myopathies Classification and physiotherapy management.pptx
- 2. Myopathies?
- 3. WHAT TO LOOK FOR WHEN ASSESING? ONSET- sudden/ gradual, adult/childhood RATE OF PROGRESSION DISTRIBUTION ANY OTHER SYSTEM INVOLVEMENT- Cardiac, pulmonary, CNS, Speech, hearing
- 5. Common Clinical features Proximal more than distal muscle weakness Contractures may occur Cardiomyopathy Respiratory complications
- 6. Muscular dystrophies Muscular dystrophy most often results from defective or absent glycoproteins in the muscle membrane. This leads to muscle destruction and replacement of the contractile tissue with non contractile tissue.
- 7. I. Becker’s muscular dystrophy Mutation of the dystrophin gene causing reduced dystrophin production. Onset – 11- 15 years Rate of progression- Slowly progressing Weakness of respiratory muscles and cardiomyopathy Prognosis- life expectation- 4th decade
- 8. Limb girdle muscular dystrophy Onset- 8-15 years Rate of progression- early onset rapidly progressing Late onset- slowly progressing Both cardiac and pulmonary complications common. Prognosis- Early onset- wheelchair bound and death with respiratory complications Late onset- non life threatening and remain ambulant
- 9. Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy Onset- teenage Rate of progression- slowly progressive with certain periods of rapid increase in weakness Hearing loss, speech and swallowing difficulty. Rare chances of cardiomyopathy and respiratory complications. Prognosis- normal life expectancy
- 10. Metabolic myopathies People with metabolic myopathies lack certain enzymes involved in providing energy that helps muscles contract. They can be classified as: 1. mitochondrial myopathies 2. glycogen storage disease(GSD) 3. Fatty acid oxidation defects (FAODs)
- 11. 1. Mitochondrial myopathy Genetic mutations causes fault in aerobic cellular respiration hence, inability to produce energy. Build-up of raw materials initiation of anaerobic pathways By products- lactic acid build-up CELLULAR DAMAGE
- 13. ONSET- infancy onset , adult onset PROGRESSION- infancy onset- rapidly progressing, adult onset is slowly progressing PROGNOSIS- shortened life expectancy
- 14. ICF
- 15. BODY STRUCTURE IMPAIRED CLINICAL REASONING Structures Related to Movement muscles Structures of the Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Systems -primary -accessory muscles of respiration Structures Involved in Voice and Speech The Eye, Ear and Related Structures Structures Related to the Digestive system Skin and Related Structures
- 16. BODY FUNCTIONS IMPAIRED CLINICAL REASONING Neuromusculoskeletal and Movement- related Functions Functions of the Cardiovascular, Respiratory Systems Voice and Speech Functions Sensory Functions and Pain Functions of the Digestive, Metabolic, and Endocrine Systems Mental function Functions of the Skin and Related Structures
- 18. EARLY PROBLEMS MUSCULAR WEAKNESS REDUCED MUSCULAR ENDURANCE TIGHTNESS REDUCED CARIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE DIFFICULTY IN MOBILITY
- 19. MUSCULAR WEAKNESS and REDUCED MUSCULAR ENDURANCE SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE TRAINING F – 3-4 DAYS PER WEEK I- 50% 1 RM D- 30 MINS T- Circuit training, avoid eccentric exercises RATIONALE: MUSCULAR ADAPTATIONS TO EXERCISE TRAINING HELPS REDUCE THE RATE OF MUSCLE LOSS
- 20. TIGHTNESS Sustained stretching – positioning and stretching exercises
- 21. REDUCED CARIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE ACSM guidelines: F I D T RATIONALE:
- 22. DIFFICULTY IN MOBILITY USE OF APPROPRIATE OTHOSIS AND WALKING AIDS GAIT TRAINING WITH THE ASSITIVE DEVICES Gait video
- 23. LATE PROBLEMS REDUCED RESPIRATORY VOLUMES AND RESPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGHT INEFFICIENT COUGH OBESITY DIFFICULTY IN ADLs DIFFICULTY IN MOBILITY ANXIETY AND STRESS
- 24. REDUCED RESPIRATORY VOLUMES AND RESPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGHT Spirometer Deep breathing exercises
- 25. INEFFICIENT COUGH Forced expiratory technique Manually assisted coughing Nebulisation, Position and suctioning
- 26. OBESITY Dietary management- refer to dietician General advise- more fiber and proteins, Less fats
- 29. ANXIETY AND STRESS Patient and care giver education
- 30. THANKYOU
- 31. ANY QUERIES?