NBCC, NAADAC, CAADAC, CBBS, Florida approved continuing education series in mental health, substance abuse and dual disorders counseling for nurses, counselors, therapists, social workers and addictions professionals.

1. Models of Addiction Instructor: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes

2. Learning Objectives Understand a variety of models and theories of addiction and other problems related to substance use. Understand terms and concepts related to theory, etiology, research, and practice. Criteria and methods for evaluating models and theories. Appropriate applications of models. How to access addiction-related literature from multiple disciplines

3. Definition of Addiction Using a substance or engaging in a behavior despite negative consequences Failure to fulfill major obligations Use when physically hazardous Recurrent legal problems, social, occupational or interpersonal problems Tolerance Withdrawal Large amounts used over a long period Unsuccessful efforts to cut down Time spent in obtaining the substance replaces social, occupational or recreational activities Continued use despite adverse consequences

4. Types of Addiction Chemical Alcohol Prescription Drugs Illegal drugs Nicotine Inhalants Behavioral Gambling Sex Relationships Work

5. Terms Model Generalizability Reliability Validity

6. Models Moral Model Moral Weakness Spiritual and legal consequences Temperance Model The substance itself Abstinence

7. Models cont. Disease Model Constitutional or genetic defects Identification and remediation of the deficit Psychological Model Personality, self-esteem, impulse control disorders Cognitive behavioral therapy

8. More Models Social Education Model Poor socialization, coping mechanisms, skill deficits due to inappropriate modeling Social skills training and cognitive behavioral therapy Biopsychosocial Model Environmental/social/cognitive factors combine

9. Evaluation Criteria and methods for evaluating models and theories. Reliability Validity/Predictive validity Generalizability

10. Application Appropriate applications of models Client centered treatment Culturally sensitive treatment

11. Research How to access addiction-related literature from multiple disciplines. SAMHSA health.org NATTC attcnetwork.org NIDA Research reports nida.nih.gov

12. Summary Multiple models Efficacy of treatment partly due to patient’s perspective Knowledge is constantly changing

13. Further Reading/Watching http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/mediaDetails.aspx?ID=206 Culture of Addiction