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Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes PhD, LPC-MHSP, NCC, LMHC
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Learn how to define target behaviors
 Define: discriminitive stimuli, reinforcement,
punishment, reinforcement schedules,
chaining, behavior strain, extinction burst,
extinction
 Practice applying these terms to behaviors
 Identify ways to effectively apply punishment
and reinforcement to modify behavior
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Polly the Pigeon and the Hokey Pokey
 Self-Injurious Behaviors (smoking, drinking,
binge eating, cutting, gambling etc.)
 Parenting Issues (doing homework,
preventing alcohol use, doing chores)
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Behavior
◦ Observable
◦ Measurable
 Frequency
 Intensity
 Duration
 Likert?
◦ Time limited
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Polly the Pigeon’s Behavior
 *
 *
 Child’s Behavior
 (Observable, measurable(f/i/d), time limited)
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Reinforcement
◦ +Positive Reinforcement ADDS something good
◦ -Negative Reinforcement TAKES AWAY something
bad
 Examples
◦ Polly
◦ Smoking
◦ Anxiety
◦ Chores—Cleaning the kitchen
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Punishment
◦ Anything unpleasant or unwanted that reduces the
likelihood a behavior will recur
◦ +Positive Punishment adds something unpleasant
◦ -Negative Punishment takes away something desired
 Examples
◦ Polly
◦ Smoking
◦ Anxiety
◦ Chores—Cleaning the kitchen
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Schedules of Reinforcement/Punishment
◦ Interval—Time not behavior dependent
 Fixed--Bills
 Variable--Rain
◦ Ratio
 Fixed--Weight loss
 Variable--Chores
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Discriminitive Stimuli
◦ Things in the person or environment that trigger
the person to do the behavior
 Examples
◦ Polly
◦ Smoking
◦ *
◦ Chores—Cleaning the kitchen
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Behavior Strain—
◦ When the costs outweigh the benefits
◦ Too long between rewards
◦ Reward is insufficient
 Extinction Burst
◦ Increases in frequency or intensity of behaving in order
to receive reward (computer clicking)
◦ Most common in ratio-based schedules
◦ Behavior intensifies until reward or punishment is
applied OR until the costs outweigh the benefits. (Candy
kid)
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Shaping
◦ Rewarding successive approximations of a behavior
 Example
◦ Polly
◦ Smoking
◦ Anxiety
◦ Cleaning the kitchen
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Engvall talking about quitting smoking says:
“If I quit smoking, I’m going to kill you. Then
I’ll go to prison where I’ll need cigarettes as
currency.”
 Chaining is really about looking at how one
behavior leads to another.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
Thoughts
of
Smoking
Places
Times
Activities
Sensory
Emotions
Smoking
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 Changing behavior requires
◦ Adequately defining the behavior
◦ Understanding and addressing the reinforcers
maintaining it
◦ Identifying and dealing with discriminitive stimuli
triggering it
◦ Understanding and addressing the negative
consequences (punishments) of the change
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.
 All who participated in the course polls and
entered their email address will receive an
email with directions for how to get your
CEUs.
Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC
All Rights Reserved.

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Behavior modification basics

  • 1. Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes PhD, LPC-MHSP, NCC, LMHC Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 2. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 3. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 4.  Learn how to define target behaviors  Define: discriminitive stimuli, reinforcement, punishment, reinforcement schedules, chaining, behavior strain, extinction burst, extinction  Practice applying these terms to behaviors  Identify ways to effectively apply punishment and reinforcement to modify behavior Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 5.  Polly the Pigeon and the Hokey Pokey  Self-Injurious Behaviors (smoking, drinking, binge eating, cutting, gambling etc.)  Parenting Issues (doing homework, preventing alcohol use, doing chores) Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 6.  Behavior ◦ Observable ◦ Measurable  Frequency  Intensity  Duration  Likert? ◦ Time limited Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 7.  Polly the Pigeon’s Behavior  *  *  Child’s Behavior  (Observable, measurable(f/i/d), time limited) Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 8. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 9. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 10.  Reinforcement ◦ +Positive Reinforcement ADDS something good ◦ -Negative Reinforcement TAKES AWAY something bad  Examples ◦ Polly ◦ Smoking ◦ Anxiety ◦ Chores—Cleaning the kitchen Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 11. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 12. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 13.  Punishment ◦ Anything unpleasant or unwanted that reduces the likelihood a behavior will recur ◦ +Positive Punishment adds something unpleasant ◦ -Negative Punishment takes away something desired  Examples ◦ Polly ◦ Smoking ◦ Anxiety ◦ Chores—Cleaning the kitchen Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 14.  Schedules of Reinforcement/Punishment ◦ Interval—Time not behavior dependent  Fixed--Bills  Variable--Rain ◦ Ratio  Fixed--Weight loss  Variable--Chores Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 15.  Discriminitive Stimuli ◦ Things in the person or environment that trigger the person to do the behavior  Examples ◦ Polly ◦ Smoking ◦ * ◦ Chores—Cleaning the kitchen Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 16. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 17.  Behavior Strain— ◦ When the costs outweigh the benefits ◦ Too long between rewards ◦ Reward is insufficient  Extinction Burst ◦ Increases in frequency or intensity of behaving in order to receive reward (computer clicking) ◦ Most common in ratio-based schedules ◦ Behavior intensifies until reward or punishment is applied OR until the costs outweigh the benefits. (Candy kid) Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 18.  Shaping ◦ Rewarding successive approximations of a behavior  Example ◦ Polly ◦ Smoking ◦ Anxiety ◦ Cleaning the kitchen Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 19.  Engvall talking about quitting smoking says: “If I quit smoking, I’m going to kill you. Then I’ll go to prison where I’ll need cigarettes as currency.”  Chaining is really about looking at how one behavior leads to another. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 21.  Changing behavior requires ◦ Adequately defining the behavior ◦ Understanding and addressing the reinforcers maintaining it ◦ Identifying and dealing with discriminitive stimuli triggering it ◦ Understanding and addressing the negative consequences (punishments) of the change Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.
  • 22.  All who participated in the course polls and entered their email address will receive an email with directions for how to get your CEUs. Copyright 2013 CDS Ventures, LLC All Rights Reserved.