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Topic level-of_prevention
1. Levels of Prevention
Block-6
Module-11: PreventionofOralDiseases
&OralHealthPromotion
Dr Qurat-Ul-Ain
Assistant Professor
Community Dentistry
HBS Medical And Dental College
3. QUOTE OFTHE DAY
If you don’t fight for what you
want
Then
don’t cry for what you lost…..!
4. Background
As health professional we have fundamental
responsibilities;
•Promotion of health
•Prevention of illness
•Restoration of health
•Alleviation of suffering
6. What Is Disease Prevention
•Prevention is the action aimed at
eradicating , eliminating or
minimizing the impact of disease and
disability
•Or
•Activities designed to protect patients
or other members of the public from
actual or potential health threats and
their harmful consequences.
8. Primordial prevention
•Prevention of development of risk
factors in a population/ community,
which they have not yet appeared
•Discouraging people from adopting
harmful life styles/ habits by individual
or mass education
9. Examples Of Primordial Prevention
National programs and policies on;
1. Food and nutrition
2. Comprehensive policies for
discourage smoking, alcohol and
drugs
3. To promote regular physical activity
4. Making major changes in lifestyle
10.
11. Primary prevention
The action taken prior to the onset of
disease, which removes the possibility
that the disease will ever occur is called
primary prevention
Action taken before onset of disease- pre
pathogenic phase
12.
13. Primary Prevention
• WHO has recommended following
approaches for primary prevention of
diseases where risk factors are
established;
• 1- whole population / mass approach/
strategy
• 2-High risk approach / strategy
14.
15. Secondary Prevention
•It is defined as an action which stops the
progress of a disease at its incipient stage
and prevents complication
•Early Pathogenic phase
•Early diagnoses of disease (For example,
caries/ gingivitis or screening tests for oral
cancers, radiographic examination) and
treatment
17. • Protect community
from acquiring the
infection and thus
provide at once
secondary
prevention for
infected ones and
primary prevention
for their potential
contacts.
18. Objectives Of Secondary Prevention
•Complete cure and prevent the
progression of disease process.
•To prevent spreads of disease by curing
known cases.
•Prevent the complication and sequel of
disease
•To shorten the period of disability.
19. Tertiary Prevention
•Tertiary prevention used when disease
process has advanced beyond its early
stages.
•Intervention in late pathogenesis phase.
•Define as all measures available to reduce or
limit impairments and disabilities, and to
promote the patients adjustment to
irremediable conditions.
20.
21. What Is Disability Limitation
• Impairment : any loss / abnormality of psychological,
physical or anatomic structure or function
• Disability: any restriction or lack of ability to perform
an activity in manner considered normal for human
being
• Handicap: disadvantage for a given individual.
Resulting from impairment or disability, that limits or
prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal for
that individual.
22.
23.
24. Rehabilitation
•Rehabilitation is the combined & coordinated
use of medical, social, educational, and
vocational measures for training and
retraining the individual to the highest
possible level of functional ability
•Also need cooperation from different
sections of society
25.
26. Rehabilitation
•For example;
•Exercises in neurological disorders
•Reconstructive surgery in oral cancer
•Prosthetics restoration of lost tooth / lost
structure after surgery