13. Anatomical position.
Anatomical planes.
Anatomical terms. [terminology]
Bone.
characters:-
1-mobility:- These are freely mobile joint.
2-covering of articulating surfaces
3-Cavity
4-Content of cavity
5-Lining of cavity
6-Capsule
7-Ligaments
8-Intra-articular structures
(3)-Synovial
joints
14. characters:-
2-covering of articulating surfaces
By thin layer of hyaline cartilage.
1]=Adapt compression.
2]=Pain in-sensitive [no nerves]
3]=Smooth & lubricant.
4]=Resistent to Destruction
5]=Free blood vessels[no blood vessels.]
6]=Its Nutrition from the following sources:-
1)-From synovial fluid.
2)-From synovial membrane.
3)-From underlying bone.
(3)-Synovial joints
15. characters:-
3-Cavity:- Joint cavity is enclosed by capsule.
4-Content of cavity Synovial fluid
function of Synovial fluid.
1]=Lubrication of articular cartilage.
2]=Allows free mobility.
3]=Helps nutrition .
5-Lining of cavity Synovial membrane
1]=lines the capsule.
2]=Covers the non articular parts of bones.
Function of synovial membrane:-
1]=Production of synovial fuid.
2]=Re-absorption of old synovial fuid.
3]=Removal of foreign bodies from cavity.
(3)-Synovial joints
16.
17. characters:-
6-Fibrous Capsule:-
=surrounds the cavity completely
=attached to bones away from articular capsule.
=lined by synovial membrane.
=perforated by the articular vessels & nerves.
Function of the capsule:- support the joint.
(3)-Synovial joints
19. characters:-
8-Intra-articular structures:-
1-cartilage may be in form of:-
=Disc :- as in sterno-clavicular joint.
=Meniscus:- as in knee joint.
=Labrum :- as in shoulder & hip joints.
2-tendon [2 examples]:-
=Tendon of long head of biceps :- in shoulder joint.
=Tendon of popliteus :- in knee joint.
3-ligaments:- Cruciate ligament of knee joint
(3)-Synovial joints
20.
21.
22.
23. Anatomical position.
Anatomical planes.
Anatomical terms. [terminology]
Bone.
Types
¤ 1= According to NUMBER of articulating bones
¤ 2= According to NUMBER of axes of movement
¤ 3= According to SHAPE of articulating surfaces
(3)-Synovial joints
27. Anatomical position.
Anatomical planes.
Anatomical terms. [terminology]
Bone.
(3)-Synovial joints
Pivot joint
- Vertical axis
- rotation
Hing joint
- Transverse axis
- F &E
Hinge joints Pivot joints
The axis of
movements:
Occur around a
transverse axis.
Occur around a vertical or longitudinal
axis.
Movements:
Flexion and extension are
permitted.
Rotation movements are permitted.
Example:
Humero-ulnar joint and
interphalangeal joints.
Superior radio-ulnar joint in which a
pivot turns within a ring and the
articulation between the atlas and axis
in which a ring rotates around a pivot
29. Anatomical position.
Anatomical planes.
Anatomical terms. [terminology]
Bone.
(3)-Synovial joints
Ball & socket joint Saddle joint
Plane joint
A saddle joint allows movement back and forth and up and down,
but does not allow for rotation like a ball and socket joint.
