Disaster Risk Reduction & Climate Resilience, ecoDRR, Mainstreaming Tools & Pathways (Experiences and Lessons from the Projects)

1. Anil K. Gupta
Head – Environment, Climate and DRM Divn.
NIDM New Delhi
Disaster Risk Reduction
Climate Resilience, ecoDRR,
Mainstreaming Tools & Pathways
Project Experiences: Outcomes and Lessons

2. Blueprint
 Background & Contexts
 Objectives
 Approaches (and Pathways)
 Projects/Interventions & Outcomes
 Current Projects
 Road Ahead

3. Inferences
 Hydro-meteorological disasters increasing more
 Hydro-met (Water & climatic) hazards are aggravated by
climate change
 More People affected / Economic loss caused by climate
related disasters
 Natural resources (land, water, agriculture, etc.), livelihood,
health, industry and economic sustenance of people affected
by climate change
 – thus increases vulnerability
 More Disasters in developing nations (Asia/Africa)
 More effect on low income people
 Asia/Africa inhabit more low & low-mille income people
 Low & middle income people dependent natural resources.

4. Environment, Climate & Disasters
 Stockhom 1972
 Rio Summit 1992
 WSSD 2002 (Rio+10)
 UNFCCC (UNEP+WMO)
 4th AR (2007)
 SREX Report 2012 (Asia)
 Paris Climate Agreement
2015
 1.5 Degree Report (2018)
 4x4 Assessment Report
(India)
 Climate change aggravates
hazards
 CC increases vulnerability
(land, people, infrastructure)
 Threefold relations:
 Environmental changes as driver
of disaster risk
 Disasters cause damage / losses
to environment (which further
aggravate disaster risk)
 Environment management
reduce disaster risk & vulnerability

5. Climate Change Impacts

6. DISASTER

7. Environment, climate-change and disasters

8. Emerging Issues
 Environmental change as risk driver - (i) climate
change, (ii) land-use & landscape, (iii) natural
resource degradation
 Vulnerabilities – governed by (i) environmental
(ii) technological and (iii) behavioural factors
Addressing underlying causes of vulnerability (HFA
Priority 4)
 Understanding Disaster Risk (SFDRR Priority 1)

9. The 2nd Paradigm Shift
 Disaster Management (DM) was relief centric
before 1991
 IDNDR 1991-99 (Focused on “Natural”
Disasters… no attention on underlying causes)
 New Paradigm since HFA 2005-15 (Priority 4)
 Approach of inter-linking CCA –DRR
“Climate Resilience” - central to DRR
 “Ecosystem – Landscapes & Disasters”
 “Pathways & Tools of Mainstreaming DRR”
◙ Turning point ….Sendai Framework 2015-30
(Priority 1)

10. Paradigm Shift in Disaster Management
 Response Centric
 Relief Centric
 Mitigationcentric
 Preparedness centric
 Disaster Centric
 Hazard Centric
 VulnerabilityCentric
 Environment Centric
• From Relief to Risk
Reduction
• From Compartmental
to Integration
• From Ad-hoc to
Organized
• From Single hazard to
multi-hazard
Climate Change
Adaptation
2nd
Paradigm shift

11. Approaches
 Previously …….Response & Relief Centric

12. SFDRR highlights
 Resilience
 Ecosystem Based
Solutions
 Integrating CCA
 Public Health
 Specific goals for DRR
– Monitoring
Four Priorities
1. Understand disaster
risk
2. Strengthen disaster
risk governance
3. Invest in DRR
4. Enhance disaster
preparedness
Emphasis on Recovery

13. Operational Needs
 Translating
Convergence to
National/sub-national
and local
DRR/Development
frameworks
 Disaster
Management Plans –
National/state, local,
sector specific,
department specific,
etc.

14. Strategies for Mainstreaming:
Pathways & Tools (Projects)
Blended Approach (Addressing Knowledge &
Capacity Gaps)
 Case Studies / Research
 Policies, Plans & Advocacy
 Training Manual / Modules
 Knowledge Based Volumes
 Upcoming Projects – 03.

15. Initiatives/Projects of Dr Anil K Gupta
 Climate Resilient Development & Adaptation 2006-
07 (UNDP/MoEF) Rajasthan, UP, Gujarat.
 Urban Flood Case Studies (8 Cities) 2007-08 UF.
 National Action Plan on Chemical Disasters 2010
MOEF.
 Risk to Resilience 2010: Strategic tools for DRM.
DFID, US-NOAA, ISET, WII, RF, GEAG, IIASA.
 Climate Sensitive DM Planning – Flood Resilient
Uttar Pradesh (CDKN-UK / ISET) 2012-13.
 Drought Vulnerability - Risk & Mitigation Analysis
2011-13 (ICSSR Funded )

16.  Indo-German ekDRM Programme: Environmental
Knowledge for DRM 2011-13. MoEF / GIZ / UNU.
 AdaptCAP- DRR Coastal (AP & TN) EU & GIZ
2014
 Ecosystem Approach to DRR (UN-PEDRR) / UNEP
ecoDRR
 National Human Resource Plan for DRM (2011-12)
as per DM Act 2005.
 National Disaster Management Plan (2013 for NEC
on DM Govt. of India), Released 2016.
 Prime Minister’s Agenda 10: DM Plan of Sectors /
Ministries at Central Level. PM10

17.  India Heat Wave Study 2015-16.
 Integrating Climate Resilience into DRR
(Knowledge & Training) Govt. of Maharashtra:
Case Study Compendium
 Establishment of ecoDRR Centre under Forest
Academy, Govt. of Maharashtra (DPR)
 Policy Volume on Climate Change and Disaster
Risk Management (MoEFCC Sponsored).
 Climate Resilient Development Planning (NKMCC)
 Himalayan Studies Mission Programme (CLIPS-
INH) MoEFCC.

18.  Disaster Management Plan of Agriculture Sector
(MOAGFW).
 Disaster Impact Assessment (DIA) Integration
with EIA/Project Appraisal. UNU, PwC)
 NIDM-UGC Working Group on DM Modules /
Curriculum.
 Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Health –
Disaster Related Illness. (WHO/NCDC)
 Other documentations/Books.

19. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anil_Gupta15