About Computer networks

1. COMPUTER NETWORKS
• DATA COMMUNICATION & NETWORK
• TRANSFER DATA THROUGH POPULAR NETWORK INTERNET.
• COMPUTER NETWORK – Two or more computers or communications
devices connected by transmission media and channels and guided by
a set of rules for communication purposes.

3. ADVANTAGES:
• INFORMATION & FILE SHARING
• CONVENIENT RESOURCE SHARING
• COMMUNICATION
• STORAGE CAPACITY
• COST BENEFIT
• SECURITY

4. MAJOR COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER N/W
• NETWORKING OS - NOS
• EXAMPLE: MICROSOFT WINDOWS SERVER, MAC & LINUX.
• TO SUPPORT CONNECTED WORKSTATIONS, FOR SHARING DATA.
• MULTIPLE REQUEST FROM USER
• OFFERS MESSAGING SYSTEM.

5. NETWORK INTERFACE CARD
• A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component, typically a
circuit board or chip, which is installed on a computer so it can
connect to a network.
• A Media Access Control address (MAC address) is a hardware
identifier that uniquely identifies each device on a network.
• WIRED NIC – CABLES TO CONNECT TO NETWORK
• WIRELESS NIC – USE RADIO WAVE TECHNOLOGY & CONNECT WITH
OTHER PC THROUGH ANTENNA.

8. NETWORKING DEVICES
• USED TO TRANSFER DATA.
• HUB: A network hub is a node that broadcasts data to every
computer or Ethernet-based device connected to it

9. SWITCH
• SEND DATA BY FILTERING IT & FORWARDS IT.
• INTELLIGENT WAY.

10. ROUTER
• A router is a device that connects two or more packet-switched
networks or subnetworks. It Manages traffic between these
networks.
• It analyze the data to be sent.

12. Communication medium - Wired
• Twisted-Pair cables: A pair of wires forms a circuit that can transmit
data. The pairs are twisted to provide protection against crosstalk.
• Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) cables – fine wire mesh to protect
• Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) cables - no
• Coaxial cables – expensive & cover more distance.
• Better control in noise & secure, faster.
• Fiber-optic cables – high speed data for broadband service in
industries. Very expensive cable.

13. Wireless
• Satellite
• Wi Max
• Wi Fi
• Bluetooth

14. Network Architecture
• the design of a computer network.
• Types
• Peer-To-Peer network.
• Client/Server network.

15. Peer to peer
• A peer-to-peer network is designed around the notion of equal peer
nodes simultaneously functioning as both "clients" and "servers" to
the other nodes on the network.
Client/Server network.
Client server architecture is a computing model in which the server
hosts, delivers, and manages most of the resources and services
requested by the client.

17. Types of computer network
• PERSONAL AREA NETWORK (PAN) a square metre
• A personal area network (PAN) connects electronic devices within a
user's immediate area.LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) 10 m 100 m 1
km
• Local area network LAN – 1 KM
• a group of computers and peripheral devices that share a common
communications line or wireless link to a server within a distinct
geographic area.

18. • METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) 10 km
• A metropolitan area network, or MAN, connects multiple LANs across
a large area but is smaller than a WAN.
• WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN) 100 km continent
• A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network that
extends over a large geographic area.