A significant factor is the safety and protection of equipment as well as functioning individuals. In addition, as technology advances, different components are regularly upgraded to maintain up with the most delinquent progress to provide consistent Power distribution accessories production.

1. Ten Different Equipment You Can
Recognize In Every Distribution Substation

2. • The term “distribution substation” refers to a substation from which electricity is
delivered to various consumers. There are numerous incoming and outgoing
circuits in a substation, each with its isolator, circuit breaker, transformers, and
other components connected to the busbar power distribution accessories system.
• The majority of this equipment is static.
– A significant aspect is the safety and protection of equipment as well as
working individuals. This is accomplished by the use of lightning arresters,
equipment earthing, and fencing.
• Distribution transformer.
– At a distribution substation, the power cable suppliers in UAE is the largest
and most significant piece of equipment. Through delta-star windings, it steps
down primary voltages of 33 kV or 11 kV to secondary distribution voltages of
415-440 volts between phases and 215 volts between phase and neutral.

3. Transformer Components
• Conservator
• It’s a transformer oil drum positioned on top of the transformer and connected to
the main tank through a hose. The oil level in the conservator rises and falls as the
volume of oil expands and contracts in response to the heat produced.
• Breather.
• It’s attached to the conservatory tank and includes silica gel, which keeps damp air
from the tank during oil contraction. When oil is heated, it expands, allowing gas
to escape to the atmosphere. When the oil cools, it contracts, allowing air to enter.
• Vent for an explosion
• Instantaneous vaporization of oil is caused by a significant defect inside the
transformer, resulting in an extraordinarily quick rise of gaseous pressure. The
transformer tank may break if this pressure is not released within a few moments,
spewing oil over a large area.

4. • Indicator of soil level
• It shows the amount of transformer oil in the transformer’s reservoir. Maximum
and lowest levels are marked on a transparent sheet.
• Valve for the inlet
• It allows the transformer oil to be poured into the tank during purification or in a
tank shortage.
• Valve for releasing the pressure
• It allows oil to drain during overhauling or when a sample of oil is required for
testing.
• Change the taps
• The tap changer is used to adjust the output voltage based on the line voltage
manually. The tape changer may manually adjust the transformer taps. It is
provided on the HV side to maintain the voltage on the LV side feeding the load.

5. • Breaker of the circuit
• A circuit breaker is a piece of equipment that automatically shuts off the system’s
power supply when a fault or short circuit develops. It can detect and isolate
problems in a fraction of a second, limiting damage at the point of failure.
• The circuit breakers are made to interrupt extremely high fault currents, which can
be ten times more than the regular operating currents.
• An arrester for lightning
• The lightning arrester is a critical component of a power distribution accessories
distribution substation’s protection system, as it safeguards both valuable
equipment and humans. It comes to a halt and then discharges to the ground at a
high voltage. These are placed between the line and the ground near the
apparatus.
• Isolator/air break switch
• Air break switches isolate equipment for repair and move loads from one bus to
the next. The type of air break switches utilized determines the substation’s
configuration. The two types of break switches are vertical and horizontal break
switches. In most circumstances, the horizontal break type takes up more space
than the vertical break type.

6. • Insulator
• The primary function of an insulator is to provide mechanical support and isolate
live conductors or equipment from ground structures at varying voltages. Providing
sufficient insulation in a substation is crucial for supply reliability and worker
safety.
• Arrangement for a busbar
• When currents are extremely strong, the busbar is a conductor used to connect
two or more pieces of equipment situated side by side. These are bare copper bars
that are normally rectangular but can sometimes be tubular and are supported by
insulators. The rigid and strain types of outdoor busbars are both available.
• Pipes are utilized to link the various pieces of equipment in the rigid kind. Strain-
type busbars are a system of wires strung between two supporting structures and
hung strain-type insulators. The clearances stay constant since the busbars are
stiff.

7. • Bank of capacitors
• A series-parallel arrangement of capacitors is necessary to boost the system’s
power factor. They serve as reactive power generators, supplying the required
reactive power to complete the circuit’s active power. This reduces reactive power
and, as a result, total power (kVA) or demand.
• Earthing
• Providing an effective, long-lasting, and dependable earthing system in a
substation and switching station is critical for the safety of working employees and
electrical equipment. The voltage levels do not exceed acceptable limits, and the
earth connection is sturdy enough to dissipate the fault to the ground.
• Earthing connects electrical equipment to the earth’s general mass and has a very
low resistance. It’s worth mentioning that line or cable circuit earth switches are
usually interlocked with the local line disconnector. Still, operating procedures are
relied on to guarantee that the circuit is isolated before the earth is applied at the
distant end.

8. • Arrangement of fencing
• Unauthorized persons and cattle are prevented from entering the outdoor
substation yard by fencing. It needs to be earthed/grounded on its own. Fencing
should not be lower than 1.8 meters in height. Fencing should be painted with
appropriate paint once a year.
• Panel board for distribution
• The control room houses the Power distribution accessories panelboard, including
MCCBs, control equipment, meters, and relays. An earthing conductor must link
the panel frame to the earth grid. In front of the panel, a rubber mat of the
specified size and quality must be placed.

9. Conclusion
• While the above are some common components found in electrical substations,
the electrical substation components may vary slightly based on the type of
substation and its function. In addition, as technology advances, various
components are regularly upgraded to keep up with the latest improvements to
give consistent Power distribution accessories production.

10. https://www.urgroupuae.com/
+971 6 5341245 /
+971 6 5348425
Support:
info@urgroupuae.com
admin@urgroupuae.com
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Near Dyna Trade, PO Box 47260 Sharjah
- UAE