This is a short presentation of ORT.

1. Mrs.Deena Karki
Pharmacology
Sikkim University
Date- 10/09/2021

2.  According to WHO, diarrhoea is too frequent, 3 or more
loose watery stools in a 24 hours period.
 It occurs due to passage of excess water in the faeces. This
may be due to-
 Decreased electrolyte and water absorption
 Increased secretion by intestinal mucosa
 Increased luminal osmotic load.
 Inflammation of mucosa and exudation into lumen.

3.  Underlying cause should be understood.
 Therapeutic measures depends upon-
 Treatment of fluid depletion, shock and
acidosis.
 Maintenance of nutrition
 Drug therapy
 Rehydration: Important measure to
manage diarrhoea. It can be given orally
or intravenously.
 I.V intervention is needed when fluid
loss is severe > 10% body weight.
• I.V fluid contains-
I. NaCl- 5g
II. KCl- 1g
III. NaHCO3 – 4g
In 1 L of water or
5% glucose solution.
• New formula WHO-ORS
I. NaCl- 2.6g
II. KCl- 1.5g
III. Trisod. Citrate- 2.9 g
IV. Glucose- 13.5g
V. Water- 1L

4.  Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a treatment for
dehydration.
 It involves drinking a special mixture of water, glucose
and salts to return the amount of fluids, sugars and
electrolytes in the body to normal levels.
 Oral rehydration therapy can also be given by a
nasogastric tube.
 Use of oral rehydration therapy has been estimated to
decrease the risk of death from diarrhea by up to 93%.

5.  Oral rehydration therapy was developed in the 1940s, but did
not come into common use until the 1970s.
 It is on the World Health Organisation’s List of Essential
Medicines.
 Globally, as of 2015, oral rehydration therapy is used by 41%
of children with diarrhea.
 This use has played an important role in reducing the number
of deaths in children under the age of five.

6.  Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) treats dehydration caused by
severe diarrhea through the replacement of lost fluids.
 Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is one liter of water, six
teaspoons of sugar, and a half teaspoon of salt.

7.  The "Simple Solution" - Home made Oral Rehydration Salts
(ORS) Recipe
 Six (6) level teaspoons of Sugar.
 Half (1/2) level teaspoon of Salt.
 One Litre of clean drinking or boiled water and then cooled -
5 cupfuls (each cup about 200 ml.)

10. All groups
All aetiologies
All countries