This was written towards a New Nigeria

1. Towards Abhorrence for Corruption in a New Nigeria
By Babafemi A.Badejo,Ph.D
CEO, Yintab StrategyConsults
Former Head of Political Affairs,UN-AU Hybrid Mission in Darfur, Sudan
MAGODO ASSOCIATES’ SYMPOSIUM“NIGERIA:WHICH WAY FORWARD?” MAY 3, 2018 1

2. Theme (1/2)
• Approach to handling corruption in Nigeriais faulty
- Focus is largely on Politically Exposed Persons (PEPs) & how to punish them (Superhero Magu)
- Only one level of corruption is brought into focus: Individual level
- Institutional and Structural levels hardly looked at not to talk of sensationalized
- Corruption is, as a result, restrictively defined
- A comprehensive definition allows a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment
• Corruptionkills many Nigerians daily and radically reduces the quality of life:More
serious than Ebola
- More than the mobilized strategy to contain Ebola is needed to contain corruption
and change the narrative from tolerance to abhorrence
• Corruptionis rampant at all levels/Weare all involved:
- How many people ask their family members sources of unexplained sudden wealth?
- How many have spoken to another about procuring jobs, contracts, etc for a friend or relation
- How many people report seeing illegal toll collections on the road etc?
- How many people have joined demonstrations like South Koreans did to protest against corrupt leaders?
- How many have refused not to pay through touts at license office or agents at the ports?
- How many have joined others to press for justice for anti-corruption activists being unfairly punished?
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3. HowcanNigeriamovetoanenvironmentwherecorruptionis
adequatelyaddressedanddealtwithateverylevel?(2/2)
Mass Protests to Remove Former President Park
after Allegations of Corruption
Theranos founder Elizabeth Holmes accused of
fraud by SEC
KPMG Under Active
Investigation in South
Africa over Gupta links
MAGODO ASSOCIATES’ SYMPOSIUM“NIGERIA: WHICH WAY FORWARD?” MAY 3, 2018 3

4. Whatis Corruption?
With the detailed study of the Nigeriansituation, we offer a comprehensivedefinition
of corruptionas:
The abuse of power and/or authority,
including manipulation of rules or
opportunities, or extortion from
another in the public, private or social
realms for self or filial/familial
relations or inducement (bribery), by
another in furtherance of undue gain
to the self or a desired third party
MAGODO ASSOCIATES’ SYMPOSIUM“NIGERIA: WHICH WAY FORWARD?” MAY 3, 2018 4

5. Types of Corruption
• Political Corruption
- Perversion of the democratic process through electoral rigging: Mantu’s confession
- Nepotism with respect to appointments
- Avoidance of good governance, including lack of transparency and accountability
- Manipulation of legislation or executive orders to advance interests of the self or a
third party
• Economic Corruption
- Looting of national wealth to the self or in benefit of a third party
- Extortion or inducement to manipulate rules to favour private business
- Extortion or inducement to perform or deliver opportunities to another within
private businesses
• Social Corruption
- Failure of the State to provide social services as should be expected: self help
- Extortion of tithes to buy planes over who enters heaven
- Exploitation of attraction from repeated appearance: Pastors and Lecturers
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6. Levels of corruption: Individuals
• Petty Thieves
- Toll collectionby many of the
Security Forces/Services
- The snake at JAMB Types: difficulty
in categorising
• Corrupt Animal Elites
- PoliticallyExposed Persons: The
duel of lists – Reno Omokri vs. Lai
Mohammed
- The monkey and 70 millionof social
funds
- Sharing of US 3 billiondollarson
strategic partnership by 3
individuals= 1 trillionnaira out of a
budget of 7 trillion
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7. Levels of corruption: Institutions
Arms of Government:Executive
- Security votes: President and Govs accounting at least to Select Committee in Legislatures
- Sambo Dasuki; Ayo Okeand unsubstantiated attempts to re-loot and other cases in the presidency
- NNPC, including presidential discretionary oil blocs started by IBB
- Manipulation of rules to create monopolies that allows one to feed on the rest coupled with tax holidays
• Legislature
- Lack of Transparency in earnings and allowances; Budget padding
- Collections fromheads of MDAs to be appointed and defenseof budgets
• Judiciary: Court of Appeals’ granting of immunity. Individualjudges and receiving of material benefits in exchangefor
judgements
• Business Institutions: Private/PrivateContracts; Real/Unrealcosts of Bank loans etc. Going Beyond KPIs
• Religious Institutions: NepotismCatholic; Church as business/election; Pentecostals – The Planes, including CAN President
& ferrying of illegal money to South Africaavoiding banks. V-P’s statementon corruption in the Church
• Traditional Institutions: Cash and carry kowtowing to political authorities aside fromland stealing etc and/or exhaustion of
money held in trust to supportthe poor being diverted to the buying of exotic cars and flamboyantlifestyles;
• Traditional Media: Self gag over much of the corruption
• Civil Society Institutions: NGOs & accountability issues; sexualexploitation of weak beneficiaries – not men alone.
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8. Levels of corruption: Structures
• Constitution by enshrining Federal Character endorses mediocrity and nepotism
• Constitution: Opaque on AssetDeclaration by a set of drafters who ought to have
known better hence no law passed to date on implementation
• Constitution in protecting private properties, including the award of oil blocs to the
inexperienced on the basis of favouritism, friendship etc., stops change for good
• Immunityclause removes accountability and aids corruption since a lot of money is
available post office to buy justice – Legislature/Judiciary seeking same
• Systemic budgeting laws skewing awayfrom the provision of basic needs of people
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9. Nigeria’s Abysmal Corruption Rankings
MAGODO ASSOCIATES’ SYMPOSIUM“NIGERIA: WHICH WAY FORWARD?” MAY 3, 2018 9
Year Position/total number of
countriesaccessed
Scores/points
1996 54/54
1997 52/52
1998 81/85 19 (tie with
Tanzania)
1999 98/99 16
2000 90/90 12
2001 90/91 10
2002 101/102 16
2003 132/133 14
2004 144/146 16
2005 152/159 19 (tie withIvory
coast andE.Guinea)
Year Position/total number of
countriesaccessed
Scores/points
2006 142/163 22
2007 147/180 22
2008 121/180 27
2009 130/180 25
2010 134/178 24
2011 143/183 24.49
2012 139/176 27
2013 144/177 25
2014 136/175 27
2015 136/168 26
2016 136/176 28
2017 148/180 27

10. New Zealand Leading Fight Against
Corruption
MAGODO ASSOCIATES’ SYMPOSIUM“NIGERIA: WHICH WAY FORWARD?” MAY 3, 2018 10
Year Position/total number of
countriesaccessed
Scores/points
1996 1st /54 9, 43
1997 4th /52 9,23
1998 4th /85 94
1999 3rd/99 94 (tie with
Sweden)
2000 3rd/90 94 (tie with
Sweden)
2001 3rd /91 94
2002 2nd /102 95 (tie with
Denmark)
2003 3rd /133 95 (tie with
Denmark)
2004 2nd /146 96
2005 2nd /159 96 (tie with
Finland)
Year Position/total number of
countriesaccessed
Scores/points
2006 1st /163 96 (tie withFinland
and Iceland
2007 1st /180 94 (tie with
Denmarkand
Finland)
2008 1st /180 93 (tie with
Denmark)
2009 1st /180 94
2010 1st /178 93 (tie with
Denmark)
2011 1st /183 95
2012 1st /176 90 (tie with
Denmark)
2013 1st /177 91 (tie with
Denmark)
2014 2nd /175 91
2015 1st /168 91 (tie with
Denmark)
2016 1st /176 90 (tie with
Denmark)
2017 1st /180 89

11. Norway, even with Oil strives for a Corruption
Free Environment
MAGODO ASSOCIATES’ SYMPOSIUM“NIGERIA: WHICH WAY FORWARD?” MAY 3, 2018 11
Year Position/total number of
countriesaccessed
Scores/points
1996 6th /54 87
1997 7th /52 92
1998 8th /85 90 (tie with
Netherland)
1999 9th /99 89 (tie with
Switzerland)
2000 6th /90 91 (tie withIceland
and Switzerland)
2001 10th /91 86
2002 12th /102 85
2003 8th /133 88 (tie with
Australiaand
Switzerland)
2004 8th /146 89
2005 8th /159 89
Year Position/total number of
countriesaccessed
Scores/points
2006 8th /163 88
2007 9th /180 87
2008 10th /180 79
2009 11th /180 86
2010 10th /178 86
2011 6th /183 89.90
2012 7th /176 85
2013 5th /177 86
2014 5th /175 86
2015 5th /168 87
2016 6th /176 85
2017 3rd /180 85

12. Impact of Corruption
• Deaths from many sources:
- Nepotism and inefficiencyin the provisionof
the good life
- Unemployment:mental health failures;
outright suicides
- Health: Inabilityto pay for care; Fake drugs;
Mother and Child mortalityrates;
- Infrastructure failures – road/air accidents;
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13. What is to be done? (1/2)
• Is there a vision and the political will to do anything about corruption beyond electoral
gimmickry?
• Implementing a comprehensive strategy that addresses all 3 levels of corruption as
viciously as Ebola was attacked:
• Individuals:
• Focus on people centred developmentaccompaniedby good governance:
• Transparencyto allow efficient Whistle-blowers
• Institutions:
- Communicationstrategy to saturatepopulace on corruptionbeing evil
- Rule changes as necessary
- Removing Impunity: Effective NPF, EFCC & ICPC
- Strict transparency with respect to all arms of Govt, Private and SocialInstitutions
- Self control or formal authorities for religiousinstitutions.
• Structures:
- Constitutional changeand/oramendments
- Changes in appropriation billsfor safety nets for basic needs, including medicals.
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14. What is to be done? (2/2)
• Leaders: All arms of Govt; Business/Banks; Social and Religious Organisations and the
family
- Pressures for policies that promote moral living and good citizenry
• Led: Voting; Mass actions to demand: South Korea; Brazil and the mighty fell
- Pressures for policies that stopspeople regrettingthey lived a moral life at the end
- Organized defense of anti-corruptionindividuals/entities: students,labour and market unions
• Accountability: All levels
- PVC and power of recall
- Social – Family, Educational/Universities,Religious, Media
• International cooperation: Govt-Govt tracings & funds repatriation;
- Journalists - Panama& Paradise papers
• Comprehensive Anti-corruption Strategy signed at FEC a year ago needs Implementation
• Use of Technology
- BVN; TSA
- Drasticreduction of physical contactsto process docs like passports; driving licenses; etc.
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15. Mobilise to stop corruption!
MAGODO ASSOCIATES’ SYMPOSIUM“NIGERIA: WHICH WAY FORWARD?” MAY 3, 2018 15

16. Corrupt Leaders Face Justice
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17. Corrupt Leaders Face Justice
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18. Many thanks for
your attention
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