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1. The Media Industries.
LearningAim, A
Daniel Parushev
Creative- The produceroverseesthe entire processof creatingthe filmfromearlymeetingthrough
shootingintopost-productionwiththe aimof keepingeverythingontime andwithinthe allotted
budgetthatis allowed.Thisalso includes whattakesplace afterwards,withthe needtosecure
distributionof the filminmovietheatresaswell astakingcare of the advertising.The produceristhe
one whothe directorreportsto.In additiontothe director,the producerreportstothe movie
studio,so it isvital forthese twoindividualstobe onthe same page.
Editorsare importantbecause shortlyaftershootingthe editorstartstoorganise the footage and
arrangesindividuals’shotsintoone continuessequence.Eveninasingle scene,dozensof different
shotsmust be chosenandassembledfromhundredsof feetof film.The editor’s choicesaboutwhich
shotsto use,and the orderin whichtoplace themhave a profoundeffectonthe appearance of the
final filmcut.
Whyis editingimportant. Editingisimportantbecause itispart of preproductionoreverythingthat
goeson afterthe actual shootingof the filmsstops.Otheraspectsof post- productioninclude sound
editingandmixingcomputergeneral effectormore modernwordis afteraffects,andsoundtrack
creation.The filmeditors’ jobistojointhe variousshotsintoscene,andthe scenesintoafinished
movie. Before the adventof digital editing,the filmeditorwouldliterallycutupthe filmandpiece it
back together.Aneditorwouldtake longstripof film, cutthemprecisely,andstickthemtoother
stripsof film,cutthemprecisely,andstickthemtootherstripswithtape and glue,creatingrollsof
films.Nowadays,all thisworkisdone onacomputerand itis muchmore accessible toamateurs.
CameraOperatoron smallerfilmthe DPwhichisthe Directorof photographycouldalsooperate the
camera.However,ona largerproductionthistaskis oftengiventoanoperatorwho can helpmove
the productionalongsmoothlyandincrease everyone’sspeed. The directorof Photographyisalso
an importantpersonastheywork closelywiththe directortobringthe lookfeel andmoodtothe
audience.Theyare alsoincharge of the lightingandthe qualityof the lighting.
Whyare camera operators important: Theyare responsibleforoperatingavarietyof technical
equipmentincludingsingle andmultipleportable cameras,remote control andelectroniccameras
cranesand mountings.Otherresponsibilitiesthatcameraoperatorsshouldbe verystrictaboutare
assemblingandsettingandpreparingequipment.Planningpreparingandrehearsingscenes.
Managerial Team.A personwhoworksina management,alsohasrole inorganisational finance and
administrative.A personinmanagementoverseeswhathappensamongfilming.Theyoversee
gettingthe cast and crewtogether,inorderto accomplishthe desire goals.Theymustbe able to
manage resourcesandreach objectivise effectively.
Whyis the managing team important?

2. The managingteamis one of the mostimportantroles inthe mediaandfilmjobsbecause withouta
managingteamyouare limitedonalot of things.Example you will notbe able tofindouthow much
it will perhapsearnafterlaunchof the film.
However,the Varioussectorsof the mediaindustrywithingthe UKplaysa role in the culture and
heritage the firstsectorof discussionsperfectexample of that.The Britishfilmindustryranks
amongstthe leadingfilmproductionsectorsworldwide,havingproducedroughly200filmsin2016
alone,aswell ascontributinganestimated16.5 isof global box and office revenuesinthe same
year.Many filmsproducedinthiscountryare fundedbythe Britishfilmacademy,whichusesraised
lotterymoneytogive upand comingdirectora chance to contribute tothe British cinema.
Othersectors such as televisionthe revenuewhichamountedto16 billionpoundsin2018. Much of
thismoneycomesfrompaidsubscriptionsandadvertisements.The mostwell-knownproductsfrom
thissectorwouldbe Newsbroadcastssuchas BBC News or soapsincludingEastEndersand
CoronationStreet.
The Radio sectorinthe Uk producesa large varietyof content,rangingfromdramas,comediesor
musicstationssuchas Capital Fm SmoothRadioact. You can guessthat thissectorisdominatedby
musicand contributestothe popculture of thiscountry,influencingwhichsongsbecome popularto
listentoforaudience.Alongsideradio,UKanimationisanothergoodandsuccessful productionfor
example PeppaPighave become notoriousacrossthe globe.Thishasgiventhe UKa large amountof
leverage whenitcomestoleadershipinartisticvisual production.
Pressinthe UK are one of our mainsourcesof informationwhenitcomestocurrentnewsthisis
indicatedbythe factthat an estimated47.7 millionadultsconsumeupnewseverymonth.Products
oftenprovidedbythissectorconsistof newspapers andmagazinesinbothdigital andprintformat
live newsshowsbroadcastedfrequently throughoutthe dayandhighlightspostedonline whichalso
makespeople hypedandinteractsnew people.
The interactive mediaindustryprovidesproductsandservicesondigitalcomputer-basedsystems,a
great example wouldbe appsonmobile phones.Applicationsare downloadedontothe device and
presentuserwithcontentsuchas videogamesaudioortextinresponse totheiractions.If the user
opensa game on theirphone thiscontentisbasedinthe way,theyclickon the screen.Thissectoris
widelypopularandas suchemploysroughly53,00 people inBritain.Another flourishingsector
wouldbe publishingprovidingthe countrywithaluxuriousrange of bookselectronicreading
magazine andnewspapers.
The advertisingindustry.
The advertisementindustrywhichislargelycompromisedof whatare knownas advertisement
agencies.Thisisthe wayto describe acompanywiththe mainrole is implementingmarketing
conceptsfortheirclientsonlarge scales.Weirather,theyworkas standalone orasa group,they
traditionallyplatformsof tvandradioprintand posters.Havinganoverall managerleaderforeach
sectionensure the agencyrunssmoothlywithexcellentcommunication. One jobrole inthe
advertisingindustrywouldbe Accounting/financial,thesepeople oftenmonitorthe flow of moneyin

3. and outof the company,communicationwithclients.Withoutthese peoplethe company wouldnot
be able to track the flowof moneythatcome inand out.
Job roles
Linkmany otherworkplacesinthe worldadvertisingagencieshave aclearhierarchywithineach
companyinorder to achieve maximumefficiencyandqualityof workbeingproduced,togive an
example of atraditional advertisinghierarchy,atthe verytopwouldbe the general manager.This
personwill oversee anyprojects andtasksthe companywill undertakeandwill dividethisworkload
to lowersectionmanagersaccordingtothe requirementsof saidtask.Below thisindividual will be
the sectionmanagers,advertisingcompanieswill have multiple departments,selectionthatcarry
out a differentrole.Havinganoverall managerandleadersforeachsectionensure the agencyruns
smoothlywithexcellentcommunication.
Marketingwill have itsowndepartment;itislikelythisgroupof employeeswillhelpplanfor
campaigns.Thisjobrole isincrediblybeneficialtothe companies/industrybecausetheyhelpthe
advertisingdepartment.Byprovidingthemwithanin-depthmarketanalysisandstrategyonthe
currentmarkettrends,theyensure the campaignsare as successful ascan be while followingmedia
laws.The nextdepartment/jobrole inanadvertisingagencyisthe creative directorsthemselves,
these will oftenhave varioussub-divisionsfordifferentareasof creative productionincluding
camera operators,photographers,lightingspecialistsandcopywriters.Naturally,the existence of
thisjobrole withinthe advertisinghierarchyiscrucial tothe actual successof the campaign,while
marketingisgreatat providingthe statsand strategy,these people are the oneswhobringproject
plansto life.Utilisingtheirowntechnical skillsetandtheoretical knowledgetoapplystrategyand
produce campaignsthatcompel the audience.
One jobrole is the advertisingindustrywouldbe Accounting/Financial,thesepeople oftenmonitor
the flowof moneyinand outof the company,communicationwithclients.Withoutthese people
the companywouldnotbe able totrack the flow of moneycominginandout, clientmaynotendup
beingchargedcorrectly.Nextwill be admirative,managerial,thisdepartmentdealswithhuman
resourcesgeneral office managementtohelpcoordinationmultiple projectsbeingundertaken
betweenthe departmentsandare effective inmaintaininganorganisedandhealthworkspace for
employees.
Recruitmentin the mediasector
Many individualsworkinginthe industryhave statedthatyourchancesof employmentincrease
everytime youare able to sitdownwithpeople alreadyinthe business.The benefitof this
networkingisthatyouwill be atthe forefrontof anemployer’smindthe nexttime theyhave a
vacancy to fill,oryoucouldevenbe recommendedbystaff.Of course,toschedule these meetings
and make these connectionsyouwill needtomaintainasocial mediaaccountsuch as twitter,ablog
and evenaLinkedInaccount.
Freelancingand self-employment
In the worldof tax payment,youwill oftenhave tolooktowardsHMRC,thisiswhere anyfreelancing
or self-employedindividual will needtodeclare theirstatusto.Thisis alsowhoinformsyouhow

4. much tax you will pay,inthe eyesof thiscompanyfreelancersandself-employedindividualspaythe
same in termsof tax and national insurance.Firstly,the average wage foranassistantinadvertising
inLondonearns onaverage £22,922 peryear.For these people,if theirownpersonal profitswere
£22,922, that meanstheywill be onthe 20% tax bracket.You will get£12,500 of yourprofitstax free
and will pay20% on the remainingmoney.Now fornational insurance,if we keepthe remaining
figure fromearlier,youwillpaybothclass2 and4. Class2 chargesat £3.05 a weekif youearn over
£6,457 and class4 chargesan additional 9% if you earnover£8,632. The regularemployee will pay
20% if we keepthe estimatedwage fromearlier,with12,500 still tax free and12% for national
insurance.
Good examplesof thisinthe advertisingindustrywouldbe becomingafreelancingphotographer,
enteringshorttermcontractsto do photoshootsforcampaigns.Orstartingyour ownadvertising
agency,hiringyourownpermanentandfreelancingworkers.Thesejobrolesoftenbringafreshset
of eyestoagencies,keepingeachprojectinterestingandavoidingrepetition.
As a freelancerora self-employedindividual inthisindustry,itisyourresponsibilitytopromote your
workyourself.Anexample of measuresyoucantake toachieve thisisto have a website online to
promote yourservices,thiscancontaina digital portfolioof yourworktopotential clients.Asyou
shouldbe familiarwithadvertisingtechniquesitisimperative,theyare use,thismeansputting
yourself onbusinesslistsforrecommendations,showingyourserviceswhenclientssearchpossible
businessonline.
Fundingcanbe hard to come by forthose inthe advertisingbusiness,especially forthose not
workingundera well-connectedestablishedagency.There are afew methodshowevertohelp
supportnewadvertisingprofessionals,the firstbeingthe numeroussmall businessgrantsgivenout
by governmentagencies.Withthe currenteconomic strugglesinthe 2021 pandemic,the chancellor
has setaside £4.6 billiontosupportbusinesses.However,there are alsothe optionsof crowdfunding
and private investments. The firstinvolvesusingyourownadvertisingskillstoconvince the public
your workisworth theirinvestmentin,the secondcanbe yourowninvestmentintoother
businessesinhopesof areward.Or it can be you pitchingyourservicestoprivate investorsinhopes
of themgivingyoufunding.
Contracts of Employment
As we move furtherdownthe typical hierarchy,we reachthe differentteamswithinthe agency.
Agenciesmaybringinnewcreativesbettersuitedsotheycanproduce the bestpossible workor
theirclients.Differentphotographersorcopywriterswill have differentspecialitiesunsuitablefor
currentprojects.While itisimportanttobe flexibleinthissector,sometimesisiteasyforagencies
to bringina part-time ortemporarystaff membertotheircreative teamtoworkon products.
However,agencieswillalsohave permanentteammembersinboththe creative sectionand
otherwise,thattheyhave trainedandcanbe reliedontowork regardlessof changestolowerstaff.
Anothercommonpractice will be casual labour,whichwouldbe briningona memberof staff ready
to workon short notice andalreadyproventobe skilledenoughforthe job.Thispractice can often
be usedto replace temporarilyunavailablestaff,forexample if aphotographerisoff onsickleave
for a while,theycanbringina replacement.Finally,there canbe volunteers,oftenthese people are
studentslookingtogainexperience inanadvertisingagency.Theyoftenundertake the smallertasks
that can free upmore senioremployeestodotheirownprojects.

5. Interviewtechniques
Interviewingisacomplicationsituationthathasmanyintricacies,itcanbe shorteneddowntoa few
importantrulestoremember.Firstly,alwaysdressthe part.Yourinterviewerwill likelyseemultiple
people thatday,itsimportantyourfirstimpressionispositiveandmemorable,itcanmake or break
thisinterview.Because thisindustryisbothbusinessandcreative,smartcasual wouldbe the best
style of outfit.Clothesthatare office appropriateandlookprofessional,butunique enoughtoshow
youare a creative individualisticperson.Advertisingprofessionalsshouldbe able toinnovate,your
outfitneedstoshowthat.Secondly,yourinterview technique will show youremployerjusthow
professionalyouare.Youneedtoshowinterpersonal skills, communicate clearly,constantlyand
effectivelytoyouremployersotheyknow youwill be able toworkinan advertisingagencythatruns
on collaboration.
Increasingjob opportunities
In advertisingthereare varietyof differenteducational andtrainingrouteswill make you more
employable,itdoesnothoweverdependonthe specificjobrole youwantas well.Forexample,if
youwant to be a creative writerora directoror designeryoumaywishtoreceive aneducationin
advertisingdesignpublicrelationscommunicationor marketing.All thesesubjectswillmake you
more employableinthese jobrolesbecauseyouwill be exposedtothe variousmediasectors,
includingadvertisingyouwill learntoidentifyandtargetan audience asswell asthe mediawell as
the medialawsandpractical designskillsforproduction. However, youcouldstudymediaincollege
and geta degree tooatthese certainsectorsand gainknowledgeandpractical experience.
Afteryouhave gainedsome experience andeducationinadvertising,itisimportanttoshow
continuingprofessional development.Thissectorisconstantlyevolving,andthismeans thatisyour
possible employermightorwill wanttoknow how youhave done it.After youhave made progress
inyour skillsetitisimportantyouupdate saidinformationonyourcvportfolioandwebsites.
Professional Behaviour.
Once you have finallyobtainedyouremploymentinthisindustry,itisimportantyouhave the e right
behaviourtomaintainit.Professionalismisthe wayyouremployerwill expectyoutoconduct
yourself inthe workplace theywantareliable employee thatwill show uptoworkon time and
dressedsmartand readyto getthe work done. Afterworkinginthisindustryforanextendedperiod
afteryour education,youmayfindyourselflessskilledatcertainareas.Itis importantfora
professional,especiallyacreative,tomaintaintheirskillsevenafteralongtime intheirjob.
Advertisingemployeesneedawide skillset,sothere isnoshame inneedingtodosome freelancing
workor takinga shorttrainingcourse to remindyourselfof askill.Takingtime outsideof yourwork
to practice your skillswouldbothmaintainyourskillsetandensure youstill have apassionforthat
jobrole.Thiswill ensure yourworkistothe higheststandard.