Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, CC BY Charles Hackne

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, CC BY Charles
Hackner Houston Community
College unless otherwise noted.
Questions for exam 1
You must send me your answers to all of the questions.
I will grade 6 of your answers.
Very Important info about exams! Please Read This!
In order for you to be successful in this class, you will have to
do
significant research.
I am only interested in your work, not the work of others.
Do not copy the work of others and send it to me included in
your answers. I will certainly figure out that it is not your work
and I will give you a zero for the entire exam.

The best thing for you to do is Read, Think, Listen, Observe,
Discuss, and ask good questions of the material you are
studying. Paraphrase! Do not copy!
Please remember that your goal here is to demonstrate that
you thoroughly understand the material. You cannot do that
with short, vague answers!
Suggestions:
• Use this document as your starting point.
• As you work your way through each topic, look for
information that will help you
answer a question.
• When you complete each topic, start preparing answers.
• Include discussion of the related concepts, facts, issues, etc.
• In many cases some additional research will be necessary.
• Consult with other students to get feedback as you work to
fine-tune your
answers.

• Make sure that you are using an open outline like format in
the construction of
your answers.
1. The objective of this question is to help you understand
how the critical ecosystem services are impacted by economic
activity and to think about some things we can do to solve
those problems. It is very important that you understand these
relationships if you want to achieve success in your careers.
This question is part of the topic called Intro to some key
concepts of Economics.
To a great extent, Economics is about connecting the dots
(finding relationships between seemingly unrelated things).
For now, Earth is the only place we can live. Our ability
to live on this planet is supported by the many

Ecosystems active on the planet. Some of our
behaviors disrupt those Ecosystems and the Ecosystem
Services. Those disrupted Ecosystem Services in turn
have impacts on the people and economies of the
global north and global south. It is very important that
you develop a good understanding of our behavior
and the environmental and economic consequences
of that behavior.
• First, pick 2 Ecosystem Services from the list in slide 13
of the topic called Intro to some key concepts of
Economics.
• Second, for each of your 2 ecosystem services, please
explain how each is supposed to work. This is key to
answering the entire question, so please focus on this.
Google can help with this! Please note that this is a skill
that you will have to master to be successful in your
careers.

• Third, for each of your 2 ecosystem services, please
thoroughly explain at least one human behavior that
has disrupted the operation of the Ecosystem Service
and explain the economic and environmental impacts
of that disruptive behavior. Please be thorough.
• Fourth, for each of your 2 Ecosystem Services, explain
how the disruptions to the Ecosystem Service impact
the two different parts of the world (the global north
nations and global south nations). More specifically,
explain how the lives of the people and the national
economies are impacted.
• Fifth, for each of your 2 ecosystem services, thoroughly
explain 3 things that we should start doing right now to

repair or at least stop the damage to the Ecosystem
Services you selected. Be sure you explain how each
of your recommendations would actually lead to
solution of the problem. Remember, you need 3
recommendations for each of your ecosystem
services.
2. The objective of this question is to help you:
• understand the real issues of scarcity of resources and
the choices we must make.
• Understand the issues of rational behavior as it applies
to a real-life problem.
• Understand utility concepts as they are applied to the
Keystone Pipeline Project.
• Understand some of the basics of the theory of
consumer behavior.
• Understand the concepts of marginal analysis as
applied to the Keystone Pipeline project.

All parts of this question are part of the topic called Intro to
some key concepts of Economics.
Planet Earth is our only home for the time being. As global
populations grow and our resources dwindle, we must worry
more about the issues of SCARCITY AND CHOICE.
i. There are 17 Rare Earth Elements.
1. Pick any 2 of them and explain in detail why
each of them are so critical to us. Use
Google to look them up.
Include in your answer:
a. What are 3 things it is used for?
b. Why are each of the resources so

critical?
c. Where in the world the resource is
located and approximately how
much is left?
2. Currently America is dependent on China
for rare earth elements. That clearly is not
a good situation for America.
i. What are 3 thing American
State and Federal governments
should do to make America
more self-sufficient in this area?
ii. What are 3 things American
private sector companies
should do to make America
more self-sufficient in this area?
• The theory of rational behavior says that we humans
act in our own self-interest. Given our actual behavior

and the decisions we have made and continue to
make relative to the planet:
i. Explain 3 economic consequences of continued
over-pumping in America. Use Google to gather
info. Please be thorough.
ii. Is continued over-pumping of aquifers in America
in our best interest? If yes, explain why. If no,
explain why not. Please provide thorough
explanations.
iii. Explain how the continued over-pumping of
aquifers in America, China, and India, could
impact our ability to survive on the planet. This

will require that you find out what things these 3
nations have in common that are related to
aquifers. Connect the dots and explain how our
ability to survive on the planet could be
impacted by continued over pumping of aquifers
in those nations. Please provide plenty of detail
here. Google can help!
iv. Explain in detail 2 things we can do to stop the
over-pumping problem in America. In your
explanation, please talk about the positive and
negative impacts of your solution. Hint: Focus on
the top uses of water in the world.
• Utility Concepts:
i. Explain the 3 concepts: Utility, Marginal Utility,
and Diminishing Marginal Utility. This material is
provided in the slides and audio lecture.

ii. Explain 1 example of EACH of those 3 concepts
as they might be applied to the Keystone XL
Pipeline project.
• The Theory of Consumer Behavior: This material is
provided in the slides and audio lecture.
i. Explain EACH of the key assumptions of the
Theory of Consumer Behavior and what the
theory tells us. Read the slide and listen to the
audio lecture to get this.
ii. Does the theory of consumer behavior reflect
reality? If yes, then why. If no, the why not.
• Marginal Analysis

Marginal analysis is a decision-making tool. This
material is provided in the slides and audio lecture.
i. Please define Marginal Cost
ii. Please define Marginal Benefit,
iii. Explain the following 3 cases in terms of what you
should do regarding the activity involved. Should
we do more of the activity, less of the activity, or
keep doing the same thing? Explain why in each
case.
1. MB>MC
2. MC>MB
3. MC=MB
iv. Explain 1 example of MC related to the Keystone
XL Pipeline question.
v. Explain 1 example of MB related to the Keystone

XL Pipeline question.
and apply the various concepts related to the Production
Possibility Model.
The Production Possibilities Model is one of the first Economic
Models students learn about. Please refer to the material
covered in the topic called The Economizing Problem.
• Please explain 2 things the model teaches us.
• Please explain each of the 4 assumptions of the
model.
• Please explain Productive Efficiency and how it relates

to the ppc.
• Please explain Allocative Efficiency and provide a
thorough explanation of the 2-step process for finding
the point of allocative efficiency on the PPC.
• On the topic of Economic growth: need to see some
detail here.
i. What does it mean?
ii. How can it be graphically represented?
iii. What are the prerequisites to Economic growth?
iv. GDP growth rates in America for the past 60 years
show a steady downward trend. Use what you
have learned about Economics to explain why
you should care about that.
v. Why is Economic growth good for you and your
country? Please be thorough.
vi. Why is Economic growth bad for you and your
country? Please be thorough.

vii. Please provide thorough explanation of 3 factors
that would tend to limit economic growth. Be
sure you explain how those factors would
actually cause economic growth to be limited.
• The Presentville – Futureville case:
1. Explain what motivated each group to
make the decisions they made.
2. Explain the impact of those decisions on the
future of each group.
3. Which group is most like America, and why?
4. What does this story teach you?
• Explain how you could use the Production Possibility

Model to represent the US Economy during the Corona
Virus pandemic.
4. The objective of this question is to help you begin to
understand the basic elements of the economy and how they
interact. Please note that this is an important skill to master if
you want to maximize your career success going forward.
The Circular Flow Model with Government is another
important model for students to understand. Please use the
material covered in the topic called The Economizing
Problem. For info on the Government sector use the material
covered in the topic called The US Economy – Private and
Public Sectors.
• Please explain what the model shows us. Be thorough.
• List and explain at least 2 of the characteristics of each
component of the circular flow model. Be very
thorough and provide plenty of detail!

• Thoroughly explain how each component of the
model interacts with the other components – be very
thorough – this requires lots of detail! Explain how all of
the sectors and markets interact with each other. You
can do this as part of your answer to part ( b) if you like but
understand that this will require significant detail!
5. The objective of this question is to help you learn how to
ask hard questions of an economic system to determine what’s
good and what’s bad about it. Learning how to ask excellent
questions is another important skill to master if you want to
successful in your careers.
Every country has its own unique type of Economic System.

Ours is called Capitalism. Please consult the material
covered in the topic called The Market System. Google
may also be of help here.
• Please list and explain 4 “good” things Capitalism has
produced for us over the years. Make sure you provide
thorough explanations of why you believe these are
“good” things.
This is harder than it looks! Think carefully and be
objective. Nothing is 100% good or bad, so you
will need to be very thorough in your
explanations. Don’t talk about pros and cons.
Focus only on good things that capitalism has
produced.
• Please list and explain 4 “bad” things Capitalism has
produced for us over the years. Make sure you provide
thorough explanations of why you believe these are
“bad”.

• Capitalist Economic Systems typically require a steady
flow of resources and expanding markets. Please
explain in detail what would happen to our American
capitalist system if these two conditions are absent and
explain why we would expect to see those results.
6. The objective of this question is to help you develop a
good understanding of how our capitalist system answers the 4
fundamental questions.
The discussion of the Market System we talked about the
characteristics of the Market system and 4 Fundamental
Questions that every economic system must answer. Please
use the material covered in the topic called The Market

System
• List and thoroughly and completely explain those 4
fundamental questions and how they are answered.
All the necessary information is provided in the slides and the
audio lectures. Be sure you provide thorough and complete
explanations throughout.
i. What will be produced? (include explanation of
all the concepts presented under this topic)
.
ii. How will the goods and services be produced?
1. Why must firms try to employ the most
economically efficient production
techniques?
2. For each of the following issues, please
explain in detail, why they are important to
a firm and how a firm might address each

one (need to see the detail here):
a. Optimal plant location
b. Resource Prices
c. Resource Productivity
d. Transportation Costs
• Who will get the goods and services?
• How will the system accommodate change? Be
thorough! read the slides and listen to the lecture, then
start writing.
• Characteristics of the Market system.
i. Select any 5 of the characteristics of the Market
system that we covered, and explain each of
them. Be thorough!

ii. Explain how each characteristic you selected
impacts the 1% versus the 99%.
good understanding of demand, supply, and market clearing
equilibrium. Please note that these are fundamental concepts
that can be applied throughout your careers.
Demand, Supply, Market Equilibrium. Please use the
material covered in the topic called Supply and Demand.
• Demand:
i. Please Thoroughly and completely define
demand.
ii. Please state the law of demand.
iii. List and thoroughly explain the 3 factors that
support the law of demand. Be sure you explain

how each actually supports the law of demand.
1. Don’t just copy from the slides, explain what
they actually mean and how they support
the law of demand.
iv. List and explain the determinants of demand and
how each can cause an increase in demand and
a decrease in demand.
1. List and explain each of the 5 determinants
and how they impact demand.
v. Thoroughly and completely explain the
differences between a change in demand and a
change in quantity demanded along with the
causes of those changes, and how each change

is graphically represented.
vi. Pick 3 products and explain how the pandemic
affected the demand for those products and
what happened in the supply chains for those
products.
• Supply .
i. Define supply.
ii. State the law of supply.
iii. List and explain the determinants of supply and
how each can cause an increase in supply and
a decrease in supply.
iv. Thoroughly and completely explain the
differences between a change in supply and a
change in quantity supplied, the causes of
those changes, and how each is graphically
represented.

v. Pick 3 different products and explain how the
pandemic affected the supply of those
products and what happened in the supply
chains of each of those products.
• Market equilibrium.
i. Please thoroughly and completely explain what
market clearing equilibrium means and how it
happens.
1. Don’t just copy stuff, explain what this really
means. Please be thorough.
ii. Explain how the Covid pandemic shocked the

markets for hand sanitizer and sanitizing wipes
out of equilibrium and how those markets have
returned to equilibrium. Need the details.
iii. Thoroughly and completely explain the two
government intervention cases, price floors and
price ceilings and give examples of each.
the concepts of private goods, public goods, free rider
problem, and quasi-public goods. Please note that these are
fundamental concepts that will help you throughout your
careers.
Public goods vs. Private goods. Please use the material
covered in the topic called The US Economy – Private and
Public Sectors
• Private goods:
i. Please explain private goods.

ii. Please explain their characteristics.
iii. Please give 2 examples of private goods,
including why those examples best fit your
definition.
iv. Please explain how private goods impact income
inequality.
• Public goods:
i. Please explain public goods.
ii. Please explain their characteristics.
iii. Please give 2 examples of public goods,
including why those examples best fit your
definition.
iv. Please explain how public goods impact income

inequality.
• Free rider problem:
i. Please thoroughly and completely explain the
free rider problem, and why it is a problem.
ii. Explain how the people who refuse to get
vaccinated against Covid might represent a free
rider problem.
• Quasi-public goods:
i. Please thoroughly and completely explain the
presence of quasi-public goods.
ii. Please provide 2 examples of quasi-public goods
and explain how each might impact income and
wealth inequality.
some of the details of market failure, spillover costs, and
spillover benefits down to the level of resource all ocation

problems. Understanding the issues of market failure will be
very
important to achieving success in your careers.
Market Failure. please use the material covered in the topic
called The US Economy – Private and Public Sectors
• State the definition of a market failure found in the
slides.
• List and explain the 4 causes of market failure included
in the slides, including how they actually lead to over
or under allocation of resources (market failure). Don’t
miss this part! Must be very specific.
• State the definition of spillovers costs.

• Give two examples of a spillover cost situation and
explain why your examples are correct.
• Explain in detail, the economic effects of spillover
costs. Specifically,
• Explain why a firm would want to offload some
of its production costs to a 3rd party.
• Explain how output decisions are affected by
the offloading of production costs.
• Explain how resource allocation is affected by
the output decisions.
• Explain how the new resource allocations lead
to market failure, defined as the over or under
allocation of resources.
• Explain in detail, how spillover costs are corrected by
the two approaches covered in the slides. Be very
detailed.

• State the definition of spillover benefits.
• Give two examples of a spillover benefit situation and
explain why your examples are correct. Be specific.
• Explain in detail, the economic effects of spillover
benefits.
• Explain how the 3rd party responds to receiving
unexpected benefits.
• Explain how the behavior of the 3rd party impacts
the producers’ perception of demand.
• Explain how the producers’ perception of
demand leads to changes in the output decisions
of the firm.
• Explain how those output decisions lead to

market failure, defined as the over or under
allocation of resources.
• Thoroughly and completely explain how spillover
benefits are corrected and the economic implications
of the corrections.
Explain the two approaches used to solve the spillover
benefit problem and how they work to solve the
problem.
good understanding of the concepts of depreciation and
appreciation of a currency. Again note that these are
fundamental concepts that can be applied throughout your
careers.
International Trade Please use the material covered in the
topic called The US in the Global Economy.
• Please thoroughly and completely explain how the US

dollar might depreciate relative to another currency,
and how that would impact U.S. GDP.
• Please thoroughly and completely explain how the US
dollar might appreciate relative to another currency,
and how that would impact U.S. GDP.
11. The objective of this question is to help you
understand in some detail some of the various trade
barriers. Understanding these basic concepts will be very
helpful to your careers going forward.
Throughout the ages countries have implemented
impediments to trade. Please use the material covered in

the topic called The US in the Global Economy as well as
Google
• What is a tariff?
• Why would America typically impose tariffs against
another nation?
• Why did the U.S. impose steep tariffs on Chinese solar
panels prior to 2016?
i. Explain how this would work to accomplish the
U.S. objective.
• Given the current trade war with China, please explain
i. Which American industries are being hurt by
higher tariffs against foreign nations and how are
they being hurt?
ii. Which American industries are being helped by
higher tariffs against foreign nations and how are
they being helped?
iii. Explain how and why American consumers are

being impacted by the trade war with China.
Please provide thorough explanations.
• What is an import quota?
• Why would America implement import quotas against
other nations?
• Identify 3 cases where the U.S. has imposed import
quotas on another country and explain why each case
was implemented. Be thorough.
i. Google can help you.
• What are non-tariff barriers?
• List and explain 3 examples of non-tariff barriers

imposed by the U.S., why they were implemented, and
their impact on the U.S. and other countries.
i. Google can help you.
• If America suddenly eliminated all trade barriers with
other nations, explain what would happen to
employment, national income, and GDP in America,
and why those things would happen. What role would
the concept of comparative advantage play in these
events? Please provide lots of detail.
Submission Ide: 4176256c-ed30-4b6a-9efc-aa9dc48831c8
15% SIMILARITY SCORE 10 CITATION ITEMS 30
GRAMMAR ISSUES 0 FEEDBACK COMMENT
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Destani Lewis
Abnormal Psychology Research Paper Rough Draft
Summary
1
2
,
Abnormal Psychology
Destani Lewis
PSY-470
March 23, 2022
Professor Van Wynsberg
3
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17843-mood-
disorders…

e voice: symptoms is characterized ...
entences begin wit...: The
u/section-2-13-
mental-health-injuries-disabilities/…
-is-
characterized-by-sadness-loss-of-interest-or-pleasure-feelings-
of-guilt-or-low-self-worth-disturbed-sleep-or-appetite-
tiredness-and-poor-concentration/…
disorders…

-2-13-
-room/fact-
sheets/detail/mental-disorders…
pubh110.digital.uic.edu/section-2-13-
Mood Disorder
Mood disorder is mental health problem which predominantly
affects a person’s emotional
state. Mood disorder is an abnormal psychology disorder
whose symptoms is characterized by
extreme sadness, long periods of extreme happiness or both.
Mood change is normal for anyone,
however, in the case of a mood disorder, the symptoms have to
be present longer. These disorders
can result to serious changes in a person’s behavior which can
affect their ability to execute their

routine activities such as school and work (Conklin., 2018).
Though there are many disorders, the
major mood disorders are depression, bipolar and manic. The
depressive disorder comprises of a
depressed mood, while an elevated mood is characterized by
hypomania or mania. The bipolar
mood disorder consists of both the depressed and manic moods.
The disorders also vary in severity
and intensity, an example is the cyclothymic disorder which is
a less severe form of bipolar disorder
as compared to the dysthymic disorder (Rakofsky and
Rapaport., 2018).
Depression
Depression is the most common mental disorder and the main
cause of disability. The world
health organization estimates the number of individuals with
this disorder to be 264 million people
in the world with more women affected than men. Sadness
occurs during a traumatic event in life
or crisis. It is characterized by prolonged loss of interest,
sadness, and guilt feelings, lack of sleep,
low self-esteem, tiredness, appetite and poor concentration.
Depressed individuals may also have
physical complaints with no cause. However when depression

continues after the event is over or
recurrent, the physicians classify the depression as major or
clinical depression. This symptoms
must have lasted for more than two weeks and substantially
impairing an individual’s daily
function (Conklin., 2018).
There are different types of depression but most are
characterized by weight effects, change
in behavior, cognitive effects and lack of sleep. Severe
depression may result to feelings of
excessive irate, social isolation, restlessness and suicidal
thoughts. There are several prevention
measures that have resulted to reduced depression such as
protection psychological support
following physical abuse and psychosocial assistance after
conflicts and disasters. There are also
treatments, an example is the talking therapy such as
psychotherapy of the cognitive behavior
therapy which are used for mild to moderate depression (Kring
and Johnson., 2018). For moderate
to severe depression, the individual is administered with the
antidepressants though they are not
the first line of treatment. Depression management includes
psychosocial aspects such as getting

to identify the stress factors and realizing the sources of
support. Maintaining a social network and
social activities is also essential to reduce depression.
Mania
Mania is a health disorder in which an individual experiences
a period of unusual high
mood or energy. This is a high energy and feeling of euphoria
is a change from a person’s usual
self. This form of disorder is characterized by increased
talking, less sleep than normal,
impulsivity, making reckless decisions and poor judgement.
There are also incidents of abnormal
manic mood or behavior, which includes extreme levels of
happiness or irate than other people
(Conklin., 2018).
Bipolar
Did you mean "comprises" or "consists of"?
compri

4
phase of bipolar treatment and relapse prevention. These
medicines are used to stabilize the mood
together with psychosocial support. Mental health practitioners
often use Diagnostic and Statistical
Manuals while diagnosing on bipolar individuals.
Cause of Mood Disorders and Treatment
The exact cause of mood disorders in yet to be determined,
however, imbalances of brain
chemicals resulted by life events can result to depression.
Everyone experiences mood imbalances,
however when they are intense and disrupts a person’s daily
routine, it may be a sign of underlying
condition which may require attention. Internal changes in our
bodies my influence our moods, it’s
not only what is happening inside but also our environment or
what is happening around us which
may lead to depression. Therapists believe that mood
imbalances occur as a result of biological,
psychological, environmental and genetic conditions. These
leads to improper functioning of the
neurotransmitters which are believed to be the major causes of
depression. Structuring of the brain

and functioning may also result to mood imbalances. Brain
scans have indicated that individuals
with healthy mood regulation have brains differing from the
mood disorder individual’s brain.
Some individuals with bipolar disorder also inherit from their
family (Conklin., 2018).
Treatment of the mood disorders is usually dependent on the
symptoms. The therapy
involves combination of several medications and talk therapy
or psychotherapy. The therapy is
conducted by psychiatrists, psychologists or other health
professions who perform physical
examinations to ascertain the physiological causes of the
symptoms. After conducting the tests and
survey, they will administer medication based the assessment.
Medications may include the
antidepressants with treat the various episodes, mood stabilizers
and brain simulation therapies.
Societal Implications of Mood Disorder
Mood disorders have social implications which include
inability to work reducing
productivity at work, functional impairment and increased use
of health services which increase

the number of individuals who visit the hospitals thus
overwhelming the medical professionals.
5
Business or organizations owners require employees who are
able to execute their jobs effectively.
This is because employee performance is essential in the
overall success of the company goals and
profits (Da Costa et al., 2016). To achieve this employees are
required to be objective and
consistent which may be difficult for individuals with mood
disorders. As a result poor
performance at work may result to loss of jobs. Loss of jobs
can result to increased uptake of
substance abuse in the society. This does not only affect the
individual but also leads to increased
Content: https://greenhousetreatment.com/co-
occurring-disorders/bipolar-disorder/…
-2-13-

https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/depression/what-are-the-
dsm-5-depression-criteria/…
A bipolar disorder consists of both the depression and manic
disorder. The world health
organization estimates the number of individuals suffering from
this disorder to be 45 million
people in the world. It is experienced when someone has low
moods, resembling the clinical
depression, the depressive episodes then alternate with the
manic episodes where a person feels
irate or has increased level of activity (Conklin., 2018). This
disorder is characterized by inflated
self-esteem and reduced need for sleep. There are treatments
for the disorder which include acute
pressure on the societies charities to deal with the situation.
For individuals with children,
depression can also affect the children resulting to poor
school performance. Mood disorders also
may affect the closest family members who tend to experience
shame and guilt about the affected

individual. Family members always take a caretaker role on
each family member affected hence
are usually affected first. As a result they also experience
feelings of anxiety and fear about the
loved ones (Conklin., 2018).
Mood Disorder in Relation to Models of Abnormality
The behavioral model states that an individual’s behavior is as
a result of their environment.
This approach believes that our actions are fully dependent on
our experiences in life. This in
relation to the mood disorder, the depressors are largely
dependent on actions and events happening
around a person. Thus, according to this approach abnormal
behavior is a learned response which
is conditioned to an individual. The cognitive model is an
element of the behaviorist approach
which refers to brain-related processes. This approach
assumes that the mental actions or events
are a result of the individual behavior since people interpret
the environment before their reaction
to it. According to this model, abnormal behavior occur due to
our own cognitive interpretations.
In relation to mood disorders, emotional problems may be the

source of stressors which relate to
distorted cognitive processes. These could be irate beliefs,
negative thoughts or over
generalization. Psychodynamic model states that the root cause
of mental illness is psychological
or emotional (Hemsley., 2019). Mood disorders such as manic
and depression is related to
6
unconscious mind and further, failed defense mechanisms.
Thus, this disorder relates to the
approach which suggests that most mental illnesses especially
in adults are due to suppressed
desires unresolved conflicts.
References
Conklin, E. S. (2018). Principles of abnormal psychology.
Routledge.
Da Costa Lane Valiengo, L., Stella, F., & Forlenza, O. V.
(2016). Mood disorders in the elderly:
prevalence, functional impact, and management challenges.
Neuropsychiatric disease and
treatment.
Hemsley, D. R. (2019). Perceptual and cognitive abnormalities
as the bases for schizophrenic

symptoms. In The neuropsychology of schizophrenia (pp. 97-
116). Psychology Press.
Kring, A. M., & Johnson, S. L. (2018). Abnormal psychology:
The science and treatment of
psychological disorders. John Wiley & Sons.
Rakofsky, J., & Rapaport, M. (2018). Mood disorders.
CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in
Neurology, 24(3), 804-827.
Submission Ide: 4176256c-ed30-4b6a-9efc-aa9dc48831c8
15% SIMILARITY SCORE 10 CITATION ITEMS 30
GRAMMAR ISSUES 0 FEEDBACK COMMENT
Internet Source 15%
Institution 0%

Destani Lewis
Abnormal Psychology Research Paper Rough Draft
Summary
1
2
Abnormal Psychology
Destani Lewis
PSY-470
March 23, 2022
Professor Van Wynsberg
3
disorders…

-2-13-
writers.org/depression-is-
characterized-by-sadness-loss-of-interest-or-pleasure-feelings-
of-guilt-or-low-self-worth-disturbed-sleep-or-appetite-
tiredness-and-poor-concentration/…
disorders…

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ho social
-room/fact-
sheets/detail/mental-disorders…
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Mood Disorder
Mood disorder is mental health problem which predominantly
affects a person’s emotional
state. Mood disorder is an abnormal psychology disorder
whose symptoms is characterized by
extreme sadness, long periods of extreme happiness or both.
Mood change is normal for anyone,
however, in the case of a mood disorder, the symptoms have to
be present longer. These disorders
can result to serious changes in a person’s behavior which can
affect their ability to execute their

to identify the stress factors and realizing the sources of
support. Maintaining a social network and
social activities is also essential to reduce depression.
Mania
Mania is a health disorder in which an individual experiences
a period of unusual high
mood or energy. This is a high energy and feeling of euphoria
is a change from a person’s usual
self. This form of disorder is characterized by increased
talking, less sleep than normal,
impulsivity, making reckless decisions and poor judgement.
There are also incidents of abnormal
manic mood or behavior, which includes extreme levels of
happiness or irate than other people
(Conklin., 2018).
Bipolar
Did you mean "comprises" or "consists of"?

the number of individuals who visit the hospitals thus
overwhelming the medical professionals.
5
Business or organizations owners require employees who are
able to execute their jobs effectively.
This is because employee performance is essential in the
overall success of the company goals and
profits (Da Costa et al., 2016). To achieve this employees are
required to be objective and
consistent which may be difficult for individuals with mood
disorders. As a result poor
performance at work may result to loss of jobs. Loss of jobs
can result to increased uptake of
substance abuse in the society. This does not only affect the
individual but also leads to increased
-
occurring-disorders/bipolar-disorder/…
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ontent:
https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/depression/what-are-the-
dsm-5-depression-criteria/…
A bipolar disorder consists of both the depression and manic
disorder. The world health
organization estimates the number of individuals suffering from
this disorder to be 45 million
people in the world. It is experienced when someone has low
moods, resembling the clinical
depression, the depressive episodes then alternate with the
manic episodes where a person feels
irate or has increased level of activity (Conklin., 2018). This
disorder is characterized by inflated
self-esteem and reduced need for sleep. There are treatments
for the disorder which include acute
pressure on the societies charities to deal with the situation.
For individuals with children,
depression can also affect the children resulting to poor
school performance. Mood disorders also
may affect the closest family members who tend to experience
shame and guilt about the affected

symptoms. In The neuropsychology of schizophrenia (pp. 97-
116). Psychology Press.
Kring, A. M., & Johnson, S. L. (2018). Abnormal psychology:
The science and treatment of
psychological disorders. John Wiley & Sons.
Rakofsky, J., & Rapaport, M. (2018). Mood disorders.
CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in
Neurology, 24(3), 804-827.
e voice: are required to be

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