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The Genocide Of The Rwanda Essay
In 1994, Rwanda was a situation of hatred and revenge tailored by European influence that mixed together to form the recipe for Genocide. Classical
control of third world nations and exploitation by the west is nothing new. In Africa, the direction of the government is often manipulated by countries
that have had historical control over them. The Genocide of Rwanda was a transfer of position that placed the Hutu people in a seat of power over the
former rulers, which were the Tutsis elite. This shift in power led to the division of a nation, evolving propaganda, and a psychological approach used
to create a genocide.
In the early history of Rwanda, there lie differences in people, but peace among the populace was always upheld in the eyes of the Tutsis. In the
opinion of the Hutu, they recall being subjugated beneath the"mwami", the Tutsis elite. In the precolonial times, the Hutu and Tutsis were called a
collective name, the Banyarwanda, which was the term for people of Rwanda. Germany gained control of the region in 1885 and governed their
region through the "mwami". An English man named John Hanning Speke gave a hardline separation of the two people that would be echoed by the
Belgians and the Hutus later into the 20th century. The term "Hamitic hypothesis" stated that the origins of the Hutu and Tutsis were that of a leader
and servant. It claimed that the origin of Tutsis had descended from the Biblical King David out of Ethiopia and they were a superior race
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Causes Of Genocide In Rwanda
Genocide is that large numbers of people were killed because of their ethnicity. However, a different level conflict is a central element led to
genocide. "By 1994, Tutsi in Rwanda, much like Jews in Nazi Germany, were 'socially dead' people, whose murder was as acceptable as it became
common"(). Between April and June 1994, an estimated more than 800,000 Tutsi were killed in the space of 100 days. Ethnicity causes of genocide in
Rwanda is nothing new. There have been always been disagreements between the majority Hutus and minority Tutsis, but the hatred between them,
since the colonial period. "The Nazis had seen the conflict as a racial war" (Cole and Symes, p. 100). This shows German Jews during the holocaust.
Approximately 6 million Jews
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Genocide in Rwanda: international response
CONTENT 1INTRODUCTION In the course of a hundred days in 1994, over 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutu were killed in the Rwandan genocide.
It was the fastest, most efficient killing spree of the twentieth century. My thesis is that the international community utterly failed to prevent and stop
this atrocity. I will focus on numerous interconnected aspects that led to international inaction and also on the main actors, Belgium, the United
Nations Secretariat, the United States and France, that knew that there was genocide underway in Rwanda – therefore, they had a responsibility to
prevent and stop the genocide, but lacked political will. This led to inaction at the level of the Security Council (SC), where member states...show more
content...
International leaders had available means other than armed force, which could influence the conflict but decided not to use them. During the first
weeks even simple actions, with almost no expense, could have saved thousands. Major donors of aid to Rwanda did not ever threaten to withhold the
financial assistance from a government guilty of genocide. Radio RTLM was communicating orders for the implementation of killings, naming persons
to be killed and revealing areas for future attacks through the entire course of genocide. The broadcast stations could have been interrupted without
military action. They discussed the idea shortly in the SC, but dropped it soon, because the traditional American commitment to freedom of speech,
which was more important than disrupting the voice of genocide. Third cost–free action that could be done was imposing an embargo on arms to
Rwanda, which only happened on May 17th, after almost two months of killing. The potential effect of these actions would also be weakened by
continued French support of the interim government. Two weeks after the start of the massacres, governments refused to admit Rwandan delegation
sent to justify the genocide – with exception of France. The Rwandan representatives were greeted in Paris at the highest levels and France officials
offered help to genocidal government, on a condition to end bad publicity about the slaughter. France also helped to flee some of the perpetrators of the
genocide later. When
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Rwandan Genocide Analysis
Introduction
The Rwandan Genocide of 1994 saw the highest level of violent atrocities and killings committed against the Tutsi ethnic group as perpetrated by the
Hutu ethnic group. The Rwandan Genocide remains to be one of the most notable genocides of the 20th Century due to the significant number of
civilians, killed of approximately '500,000 to 800,000' Bhavani and Backer (2000) tutsi's slaughtered in the short time of 90 Days. The genocide
occurred as a result of ethnic, political and socio–economic tensions triggered by Belgian colonial rule aiming to divide these ethnic groups into three
distinct categories 'Hutu, Tutsi or Twa'. The shooting of Hutu president Habyarimana's plane triggered the violence, as 'this event was all the justification
...show more content...
The Rwandan genocide not only wiped out ordinary civilians but on the sector level devastated the criminal justice system of Rwanda due to the
murders of judiciaries, lawyers, judges, prosecutors who unfortunately fell victims to these mass atrocities (Longman 2009, Human Rights Watch
2011). Accountability for these atrocities was difficult to achieve due to the high numbers of civilians who partipated in the genocide, and the high
prison population of individuals detained for these crimes which the national courts, and international courts were unable to process and trial efficiently.
The Gacaca system an indigenous system of conflict resolution adapted to the needs of providing communal justice, by involving Rwandan's within the
Justice process. Aside from trailing and prosecuting 'gacaca's mandate was extended to include a focus on truth–telling, reconciliation and the
reintegration of prisoners'. Palmer (2005:4) The extension of Gacacas mandate to include reconciliation and truth telling was a necessary measure as it
played a strong role in not only providing justice for the victims of the genocide, but provides perpetrator the opportunity to express remorse for their
actions, which was an absent factor of both the national and international mechanisms. For reconciliation to be truly fostered, perpetrators must
acknowledge that their actions were wrongful, negatively impacting on individuals, and must be given a platform, to express these feelings and
remorse which the gacaca system aimed to provide, in a complex three–part interaction between the victim, perpetrator and members of the community
who witnessed the violence. In order to examine the extent to which Gacaca, has fulfilled its primary goals, an outline of Gacaca's Jurisdictions is
strongly
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Genocide in Rwanda Essay
Genocide is "the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, ethnic, political, or cultural group". In Rwanda for example, the Hutu–led government
embraced a new program that called for the country's Hutu people to murder anyone that was a Tutsi (Gourevitch, 6). This new policy of one ethnic
group (Hutu) that was called upon to murder another ethnic group (Tutsi) occurred during April through June of 1994 and resulted in the genocide of
approximately 800,000 innocent people that even included women and children of all ages. In this paper I will first analyze the origins/historical
context regarding the discontent amongst the Hutu and Tutsi people as well as the historical context as to why major players in the international...show
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The Belgians also decreed that Tutsis should be the only ones in power and thus removed Hutus from positions of power and excluded them from
higher education (Arraras). "By assuring the Tutsis' monopoly of power the Belgians set the stage for future conflict in Rwanda" (Arraras). The Tutsis
were enjoying their status as being superior to the Hutus but all that changed in 1959 with the Hutu revolution and so in 1960 and 1961 the Hutus
won the elections. Since then, ethnic tensions had always been brewing between the Hutus and the Tutsis. However the tensions escalated when
Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, was shot down above Kigali airport on April 6, 1994. I consider this to be a form of political
violence because someone or a group that opposed this President which represented only the political interests as well as the viability of the Hutus
had to be killed in order for another group possibly the Tutsis to fill the vacuum of power left by the Hutu president. The Hutus blamed the
assassination of their president on the Tutsis and in turn sparked an all out massacre waged on to the Tutsi people. Although it is sometimes viewed
that major players in the international community did not get involved in the conflict between the Hutus and the Tutsis I argue that in some form or
fashion they did. For example, prior to the genocide of 1994 the United States had formed an alliance with the Tutsis, they even gave Paul Kagame,
co–founder of the
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War Crimes And Genocide In Rwanda
The frequency of war crimes and genocide in Rwanda was portended by the commencement of the Civil War. Madsen (21) explains that, more than
1200 Bagogwe people, a group of the North–western Rwanda related to the Tutsis were massacred by Armed Forces of Rwanda while "irregular
Hutus" slaughtered Tutsis all through the northern and southern regions of Rwanda. The complicity of the RPF in the repeated violation of Interntional
Law was replete in their actions during the Civil War. Thousands of civillians were the targets of brutal attacks. Rusesabinga(22) in an account of one
of the attacks on a prison states that:
The RPF opened the gates of Ruhengeri prison, freeing many prisoners and enrolling them as fighters. The RPF also engaged in heavy
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Genocide In Rwanda
The United Nations efforts in peace–keeping operations in Rwanda had many setbacks and was considered to be a failure for many reasons. One of
the reasons being the International community's failure to make a distinction between a civil war and genocide in Rwanda. (Khan, 196) This meant
that the little effort presented by the UN department of peacekeeping operations was often too late. In previous years the world has witnessed
countless civil wars which have taken place in Somalia, Liberia, Haiti, Georgia and Angola. However, genocide was not present in these wars and was
uncommon. (Khan, 196) According to Alain Destexhe,Rwanda was only the third experience of genocide in this century. Thus, with the ongoing
tensions and unrest, dating back to 1990, between the Hutu–led government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) it was evident that Rwanda was on
course for a civil war but what was failed to realise was that a genocide was also taking place. (Khan, 197)...show more content...
(Wikipedia) The member states of the Security Council were more so focused on the aspect of civil war rather than genocide, which made it difficult
to provide effective assistance and also prevented them from acting under the 1948 'convention of the prevention and punishment of the crime of
genocide'. (Khan, 197) Although, there was a Chapter VI mandate which called for a ceasefire and for Rwanda to revisit the Arusha Accords presented
in 1993 (Khan,2) however, the unrest in Rwanda was in fact a genocide and thus the Chapter VI mandate did not have much of an effect and could not
prevent the massacre of thousands of
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Essay On The Rwanda Genocide
DAYSTAR UNIVERSITY
School of Arts and Humanities
Department of Theology and Biblical Studies
ETH 202: Ethics of War and Peace
Assignment: Credo II
A discussion on the Rwandan Genocide and Kenyan Post Election Violence
Presented by: K. Ntinyari Mbogori 15–1658
Presented to: Reverend Steven Nduto
Date: 29|09|17
1.What was the main reason that triggered the Rwandan Genocide on April 7, 1994?
The country of Rwanda comprises an old kingdom that spanned several hundreds of years, established, ruled and ran by a people who spoke the
language Kinyarwanda. Within its years, these people split into two groups namely the Hutu and the Tutsi. It is unclear why, but it is speculated that it
may have been because of the different occupations they took; the Hutu being farmers and the Tutsi raising cattle. The Tutsi, despite...show more
content...
What possible benefits did the Kenyans got from the 2007/2008 PEV?
Post– election violence occurred following similar ethnic frustrations to the Rwandan Genocide. Once again, the perceived marginalization of one
community economically, politically and socially led to an uprising that devastated the country. Prior to this, Kenya had been considered the most
stable and the most successful democracies in East Africa following the landslide victory that overthrew Daniel Arap Moi.
Following the announcement of the election victor on December 27th 2008 and the subsequent clandestine swearing–in ceremony of the announced
winner Mwai Kibaki, violence erupted around the country with tribes of the western part of Kenya namely the Luo and Kalenjin rising up against the
Kikuyu and the latter's retaliation. The violence spread and lasted until February the next year after which followed the peace, power–sharing and
mediation talks conducted by Kofi Anan the former UN Secretary General. By this time, an estimated 1500 Kenyans had been killed and thousands
others displaced, doomed to live several years in Internally Displaces Person's
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Essay On Rwanda Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide: Crime against humanity
Throughout history, human beings have revolutionized the world using technology and other innovative means. However, it goes without saying on
the opposite side of the coin that although people are capable of creating phenomenal things, people are just as capable of destruction. For as long as
there has been differences amongst people in society, there has always been discrimination against people in regards to a certain race, class, ethnicity,
gender, sexual orientation, and etc. In the most extreme cases, differences of groups of people in society have resulted in mass persecution through the
systematic destruction know as genocide. In society, atrocious genocides aren't uncommon events. Since the beginning of time, people have participated
in horrific acts of injustice against one another from the first modern genocide of "the 13th century, when heretics in Medieval Europe were massacred
during Albigensian Crusade" (History 1) to the most recent, the Rwandan Genocide. The...show more content...
This made the Hutus alter their strategy completely and they decided to exterminate the Tutsis completely to get ride of opposition, so that they will
remain in power.
During the Rwandan genocide, systematic rape was also practiced "as a weapon of war" (End Genocide). There was around 250,000 to 500,000
women raped and it was done to destroy the Tutsi by emotional pain. The Hutus wanted the woman to "die of sadness" and to cripple them with health
problems. In most cases, the women were murdered after being raped. Eventually, in the span of 100 days, the RPF started to "make gains on both the
battlefield and in the negotiations led by Tanzania". In the beginning of July, the RPF gained authority over the majority of the country and many
Hutus left the
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Genocide In Rwanda
The Rwanda Genocide "' Beautiful?' said one Rwandan. 'After the things that have happened here?'" ("GENOCIDE–RWANDA") This quote is an
example of how the Rwandan Genocide changed the lives and perspectives of many people living there. This genocide brings back horrific memories
to families and people living in Rwanda. This genocide lasted a total of 100 days and nearly 800,000 people were perished in it. The Rwandan Genocide
was a very shocking and depressing event in history that should never be forgotten.
To start with, Rwanda is a very small country located near the center of Africa ("Rwandan Genocide<< World Without Genocide
–Working to create a
World Without Genocide"). It had a population of 7.7 million: 90% Hutu ethnic group and 9% Tutsis before the genocide began ("Rwandan
Genocide<< World Without Genocide–Working to create a World Without Genocide"). The first tension was driven between the Hutus and the Tutsis
when European colonists moved into Rwanda and chose the Tutsis for a group to be privileged and educated ("GENOCIDE– RWANDA"). Because of
this, Hutus...show more content...
According to the United Human Rights Council, "Tutsis and people suspected of being Tutsi, were killed in their homes as they tried to flee to get
away from Hutu persecution." People who didn't agree with the killing, even Hutus, were brutally murdered as they tried to speak against the genocide
("United Human Rights Council"). The killing in this genocide, often using machetes and clubs, was entirely carried out by hand
("GENOCIDE–RWANDA"). About 200,000 people participated in the killings of the genocide ("United Human Rights Council"). In the time span of
100 days, 800,000 men, women, and children were killed, which was as much as Вѕ of the Tutsi population ("United Human Rights
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Genocide In Rwanda Genocide
During the Rwandan genocide, it didn't matter whether or not you have known someone for five years or fifteen years, in the end, you would be
killed. In this time, many people who married Tutsis were targeted as well due to the fact that they were married or engaged. Even having a
relationship even if it was not exclusive you were targeted for being interested in a Tutsi, who at the time were called cockroaches. Tutsis were
identified by having lighter skin, lighter eyes, and thinner noses. They were also typically taller and thinner. Yet that doesn't make someone Tutsi or
Hutu, yet back then if you had any of these traits you were considered a Tutsi even if you were really a Hutu. This racial segregation that was created
led to many...show more content...
She said that since the war had already started in1990 there were already refugees. "The genocide started after the death of the president, it was
April 6 at 8:30 AM" she had said. "A private radio station started calling all Hutu's to kill Tutsi's. The radio messages were "We must kill the
Tutsi's... the woman... the children...everybody!" They kept on chanting, "We must kill the Tutsi's!, We must kill the Tutsi's!" They sang this
"song" every five minutes" she had said. I know from prior knowledge, that she is referring to radio RTLM. She told us that when she was forced
to flee she had witnessed the deaths. That they would pile them like trash, and feel triumphant afterward. "I could bear the sight, people were
being killed like animals." As she retells the story of her escape and endless wander she says, "As I was passing through a barrier, I remember
telling my husband: The fate of the Tutsi people is to die. You are Hutu. You must not stay with me any longer. I am going to die, stop following
me! We said goodbye and I said, "If god wills, we'll meet each other again..." She has not seen nor heard of her husband since. The things she saw
were sickening. "Passing through the barriers I saw how people were being killed with machetes, people were killed that... I don't know how someone
could justify that." She had later said, "As I was
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The Failure Of Genocide In Rwanda
involved until after the atrocities were done. There is also a question of motives that has recently come out on the part of the French.
In August of 2008, a Rwandan commission looking at the genocide believes that the French government was involved in the actual genocide. The
commission "accuse Paris d'avoir Г©tГ© au courant des prГ©paratifs du massacre qui a fait entre 800 000 et 1 million de morts"[27] (accuses Paris
to have known about the preparations of the massacre that had between 800,000 and 1 million dead). This is the first time that the French have been
formally accused by a commission regarding their dealings with Rwanda as previous French and journalistic commissions found that France was not
involved in the genocide.
It is unsure...show more content...
Should the slightest abuse in human rights give the right for states to "intervene". Who decides those human rights? The West? The U.S invaded Iraq
because of weapons of mass destruction and because of the horrible man Saddam Hussein was. However, when he gassed his own people, there was
no invasion of the country. The world may not be able to agree on all human rights issues; however they should realize that everyone has the right to
live. When there is systematic killing of an ethnic civilian group, genocide is occurring. There are no acts of genocides, there is just
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Rwandan Genocide Essay
The formation of the United Nations in 1945 was marked by an international outcry to 'never again' idly bear witness to the genocidal atrocities
capable of man, as so harshly revealed in the nature of the Holocaust. In doing so, all member states actively sought to facilitate discussion in the
United Nations as a world forum, in order to achieve both international and intra–national security. While the United Nations has achieved various
successes in the international community, the international entity and its' member states are subject to various legal and moral flaws, weakening
response to conflicts in the contemporary era of international relations. These failures are exemplified tragically in the response to the Rwandan
genocide in...show more content...
The genocide was partly founded in ethno–politics, as a group of exiled Hutus, the Rwandan Patriotic Front, invaded Rwanda from Uganda in order to
reclaim their power within Rwanda from the Tutsi peoples.
The turbulent relationship between the two groups was founded in pre–colonial, colonial, post–colonial and modern relationships and frameworks. The
pre–colonial ethnic distinctions of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa, defined by social and economic organization were furthered by colonization, during which
rigid segregation continued to plague political and social Rwandan frameworks. These distinctions were hypothesized and glorified by the academic
community during colonization as the Hamitic hypothesis began to gain prominence. The theory was based upon the idea of a scientific racial
supremacy separating the three tribes, praising the Tutsi pastoralists as being naturally destined to be the ruling group (Codere 1962, 48). Further, the
premise was of distinguishable, observable traits between the two groups, in a practice often conceptualized as scientific racism. As decolonization
became a more common shift in the international realm, the second colonizers of Rwanda, the state of Belgium, began to maintain authority over the
territory. The Rwandan Revolution of 1959, saw a dramatic switch in the Rwandan power structure, as the Hutu majority suddenly rose to prominence
and the Tutsi were excluded from government with active
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Genocide In Rwanda
Genocide is not a good thing to have in our world so I am going to talk about sometimes it has happened, How to fix it, and why the heck would
someone start genocide.
Some examples of Genocide are the holocaust, Armenian Genocide, and Rwandan Genocide. These were all times a mass group of people was
targeted based on how they looked or what they believed in. In the Holocaust Adolf Hitler targeted Jews. In the Armenian Genocide the Ottoman
Empire killed a lot of people and finally the Rwandan Genocide. In the Rwandan Genocide it was the Tutsi people being targeted. These all affected
people in a big way which caused them to rebuild as a group.
How to help Genocide? One way that the world can help Genocide is having a countries allies come
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Rwanda Genocide Sociology
The term genocide encompasses some of the darkest times in the history of the world. There is no definitive answer as to what drives one sect of
society to try and eliminate another based purely on their cultural, racial, national or political affiliation either by birth or by choice. During World
War II, between six and eleven million Jewish people were systematically exterminated by the Nazis. Although it was the most prolific of genocides, it
was not the first or the last of this atrocity to occur. In 1994, genocide occurred in the African nation of Rwanda. At the time it happened, the world
paid little heed while almost a million people were killed. After the incident, the reaction of the United Nations came under scrutiny as researchers
...show more content...
This had to do with the peacekeepers that were sent to Rwanda, and how long they should stay there. The UN wanted to pull out troops, but they
did not want to be hated. During the time the plan was being approved President Clinton did not want to commit any forces to Rwanda. Because of
this, the US was scrutinized by the media and asked why they said no, but they did try to help clean up the situation. Althorugh troops were sent,
they did not arrive until the middle of July. Though they were late, this did help to receive any other refugees to get away and to clam the
genocide. But only fifty US vehicles were really sent to help them get out, the extra troops were sent by the UN Secretary General for
peacekeeping duties along with 200 artillery pieces for a thousand men. Thanks to all the plans that had been approved and suggested by others to
appease the situation thought many have died a few were saved thanks to UN efforts and as all know thans to a certain owner of a hotel who
convinced a UN officer to take refugees out of Rwanda despite the risk of taking them out. There were many road blocks that were swarming with
Hutus trying to stop them , but it was too late and because of this many more lives were saved so the UN sending peacekeepers actually saved lives
CONCLUSION In conclusion, the Rwandan genocide clearly stemmed from decades of feuds and led to the death of over 800,000 people. Some
people think the genocide could have been prevented if the United States and the United Nations would have done more sooner. Looking at the history
of Alexander
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Genocide in Rwanda Essay
Genocide
War is not a necessary evil humans must endure. Although, war is not necessary, humans go to war to try to gain power, fortune, and to spread their
particular group's religions and beliefs. By definition civilization is an advanced state of intellectual, cultural, and material development in human
society, marked by progress in the arts and sciences, the extensive use of record–keeping, including writing, and the appearance of complex political
and social institutions. The chaos of war is reflected in the semantic history of the word war. War can be traced back to the Indo–European root
*wers–, "to confuse, mix up." In the Germanic family of the Indo–European languages, this root gave rise to several words having to do with...show
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They also had begun organized slaughter, starting in the capital Kigali. They had killed nearly one million Rwandans in 100 days time.
The first people to be killed were those most likely to resist the plan of genocide. Those people included the Prime Minister, the Prisdent of the
constitutional court, priests, leaders of the Liberal Pary, etc. Also, those who did not immediately join the comapaign, like the governor of the south,
were removed from their political positions and some politicians were killed.
As the killing intensified, the international community deserted Rwanda. The US closed their eyes to the problems going on in Rwanda and Burundi
because it did not affect them. Western nations landed troops in Rwanda or Burundi in the first week to evacuate their citizens, did so, and left. The
UN mission (UNAMIR), created in October 1993 to keep the peace and assist the governmental transition in Rwanda, sought to intervene between the
killers and civilians. It also tried to mediate between the RPF and the Rwandan army after the RPF struck from Rwanda to protect Tutsi and rescue
their battalion encamped in Kigali as part of the Accord. On April 21, 1994, the United Nations Security Council, at the behest of the United
States–which had no troops in Rwanda–Belgium, and others, voted to withdraw all but a remnant of UNAMIR. The Security Council took
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Rwanda Genocide: The Assassination Of Rwanda
From June 7 to July of 1994, a kind of terrifying violence overcame small East–African country, Rwanda. Close to a million lost their lives in just a
span of one hundred days. Neighbors killing neighbors, streets riddled with dead bodies and blood–thirsty rebels waiting to strike, and the near–
extermination of an entire population became an everyday reality for helpless Rwandans. The same questions perplexed horrified people all around the
world: What inspired such hate? And why did this hate suddenly lead to such a gruesome course of action? The assassination ofRwanda's president may
have been the final catalyst that began the genocide, but it was far from being the only catalyst. Rwanda's colonial history resulted in a clear schism
between...show more content...
Initially, Western media dismissed the beginnings of the genocide as just another "tribal conflict" or civil war in "war–torn Africa". This often led
outside countries to dismiss the conflict for up to a month. Soon, however, as the Western journalists in Rwanda began to communicate to their
countries how bad the violence really was, a growing understanding of just how catastrophic the genocide was finally began hitting the West.
Unfortunately, before the West could gauge much more, all non–Rwandan people were ordered out of the country. French, Belgian, American, and
other citizens living in Rwanda were ordered back to their country and they took with them the last of the journalists who were truly connected to the
Western world. Information about what was happening every day and how the genocide was escalating was limited (The Editorial Board). Even then,
there were enough humanitarian organizations on the ground that constantly updated the international community on the disastrous state of Rwanda.
Despite knowing enough about the genocide to at least intervene on some level, the international community was especially slow to move. People
were dying at alarming numbers in Rwanda and the world was hesitant to move because it did not want to label the conflict a genocide ("Rwanda,
Genocide, Hutu, Tutsi, Mass Execution..."). Calling the conflict a genocide would mean definitive involvement and this involvement, purely done for
humanitarian reasons, would take up money and resources. Since most countries had no interests to protect in Rwanda, they felt a limited sense of
urgency and discussed the correct definition of the word "genocide" while thousands got displaced and died ("Rwanda, Genocide, Hutu, Tutsi, Mass
Execution..."). Aside from not wanting to spend resources, nations like America were hesitant to intervene in Africa because of their past on the
continent. In the past, American soldiers
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Essay On Genocide In Rwanda
Heartbreak and Loss Inside a Nation
Harmony turned power hungry. The Tutsis, tall warrior people, invaded the homeland of the Hutu farmers. The Tutsis had fewer numbers. Yet, they still
conquered the Hutus. There was a compromise: if the Tutsis raised the crops the Hutus would in turn protect them. They lived as one, spoke the same
language, and intermarried. However, when Belgium withdrew their troops a power vacuum spread rapidly throughout the rugged Rwandan plains.
The Tutsis and Hutus civil war turned into a mass genocide that lasted for months. Some 600 years after, the Hutus pushed aside theTutsi and finally
regained their rightfully deserved control. Now, Rwanda is at peace, but concerned with AIDS and other diseases. It is made lots...show more content...
Instead of confronting the Hutus with words or nonviolent protests, the Tutsis began a warfare. I learned that no more than half of the Tutsi andHutu
groups can read and write in their native language. Belgium and Germany must have seen this as an advantage. The Tutsis who held military power
inherited it from the colonia lpower and don't want to share fully with the Hutus. A news reporter stated, "The German and Belgian invaders shrewdly
manipulated the Tutsi and Hutu with the age–old, highly effective "divide and rule" strategy." If the Tutsis and Hutus had been educated they would
have realized that. If they had a higher education they could have run for office, instead of electing a king. They were smart enough to form an army,
train children with deadly weapons, and kill millions of people. The only difference between the two groups is economical, rather than ethical. Once
they began the assassinations they could not stop the slaughter. At first the Hutus were victims of the atrocity, but once they regained power terror
struck down on the Tutsis. All the unfair distribution of resources such as, wealth, and education powered their fight. Segregation was also a fuel that
was ignited every time they were called "dark
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Genocide In Rwanda
Genocide is defined as the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. In other words mass
murder.
But it's more than that, it also means committing any of the following acts with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or
religious group. Killing or Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group, Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of living and
bringing it to its physical destruction in whole or in part, Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group, and transferring children of
the group to another group by force. To understandgenocide we have to brake it down into eight stages the eight stages of genocide...show more
content...
This occurs when members of a group are consider to be animals, vermin, insects or diseases. At this stage, hate propaganda in print and on hate radios
is used to illustratively and verbally abuse the victim group. While fighting against this dehumanization, incitement to genocide should not be confused
with protected speech. Genocidal societies lack constitutional protection for countervailing speech, and should be treated differently than democracies.
Local and international leaders should condemn the use of hate speech and make it culturally unacceptable. Leaders who incite genocide should be
banned from international travel and have their foreign finances frozen. Hate radio stations should be shut down, and hate propaganda banned. Hate
crimes and atrocities should be promptly
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The Genocide Of The Rwanda Essay

  • 1. The Genocide Of The Rwanda Essay In 1994, Rwanda was a situation of hatred and revenge tailored by European influence that mixed together to form the recipe for Genocide. Classical control of third world nations and exploitation by the west is nothing new. In Africa, the direction of the government is often manipulated by countries that have had historical control over them. The Genocide of Rwanda was a transfer of position that placed the Hutu people in a seat of power over the former rulers, which were the Tutsis elite. This shift in power led to the division of a nation, evolving propaganda, and a psychological approach used to create a genocide. In the early history of Rwanda, there lie differences in people, but peace among the populace was always upheld in the eyes of the Tutsis. In the opinion of the Hutu, they recall being subjugated beneath the"mwami", the Tutsis elite. In the precolonial times, the Hutu and Tutsis were called a collective name, the Banyarwanda, which was the term for people of Rwanda. Germany gained control of the region in 1885 and governed their region through the "mwami". An English man named John Hanning Speke gave a hardline separation of the two people that would be echoed by the Belgians and the Hutus later into the 20th century. The term "Hamitic hypothesis" stated that the origins of the Hutu and Tutsis were that of a leader and servant. It claimed that the origin of Tutsis had descended from the Biblical King David out of Ethiopia and they were a superior race Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Causes Of Genocide In Rwanda Genocide is that large numbers of people were killed because of their ethnicity. However, a different level conflict is a central element led to genocide. "By 1994, Tutsi in Rwanda, much like Jews in Nazi Germany, were 'socially dead' people, whose murder was as acceptable as it became common"(). Between April and June 1994, an estimated more than 800,000 Tutsi were killed in the space of 100 days. Ethnicity causes of genocide in Rwanda is nothing new. There have been always been disagreements between the majority Hutus and minority Tutsis, but the hatred between them, since the colonial period. "The Nazis had seen the conflict as a racial war" (Cole and Symes, p. 100). This shows German Jews during the holocaust. Approximately 6 million Jews Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. Genocide in Rwanda: international response CONTENT 1INTRODUCTION In the course of a hundred days in 1994, over 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutu were killed in the Rwandan genocide. It was the fastest, most efficient killing spree of the twentieth century. My thesis is that the international community utterly failed to prevent and stop this atrocity. I will focus on numerous interconnected aspects that led to international inaction and also on the main actors, Belgium, the United Nations Secretariat, the United States and France, that knew that there was genocide underway in Rwanda – therefore, they had a responsibility to prevent and stop the genocide, but lacked political will. This led to inaction at the level of the Security Council (SC), where member states...show more content... International leaders had available means other than armed force, which could influence the conflict but decided not to use them. During the first weeks even simple actions, with almost no expense, could have saved thousands. Major donors of aid to Rwanda did not ever threaten to withhold the financial assistance from a government guilty of genocide. Radio RTLM was communicating orders for the implementation of killings, naming persons to be killed and revealing areas for future attacks through the entire course of genocide. The broadcast stations could have been interrupted without military action. They discussed the idea shortly in the SC, but dropped it soon, because the traditional American commitment to freedom of speech, which was more important than disrupting the voice of genocide. Third cost–free action that could be done was imposing an embargo on arms to Rwanda, which only happened on May 17th, after almost two months of killing. The potential effect of these actions would also be weakened by continued French support of the interim government. Two weeks after the start of the massacres, governments refused to admit Rwandan delegation sent to justify the genocide – with exception of France. The Rwandan representatives were greeted in Paris at the highest levels and France officials offered help to genocidal government, on a condition to end bad publicity about the slaughter. France also helped to flee some of the perpetrators of the genocide later. When Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Rwandan Genocide Analysis Introduction The Rwandan Genocide of 1994 saw the highest level of violent atrocities and killings committed against the Tutsi ethnic group as perpetrated by the Hutu ethnic group. The Rwandan Genocide remains to be one of the most notable genocides of the 20th Century due to the significant number of civilians, killed of approximately '500,000 to 800,000' Bhavani and Backer (2000) tutsi's slaughtered in the short time of 90 Days. The genocide occurred as a result of ethnic, political and socio–economic tensions triggered by Belgian colonial rule aiming to divide these ethnic groups into three distinct categories 'Hutu, Tutsi or Twa'. The shooting of Hutu president Habyarimana's plane triggered the violence, as 'this event was all the justification ...show more content... The Rwandan genocide not only wiped out ordinary civilians but on the sector level devastated the criminal justice system of Rwanda due to the murders of judiciaries, lawyers, judges, prosecutors who unfortunately fell victims to these mass atrocities (Longman 2009, Human Rights Watch 2011). Accountability for these atrocities was difficult to achieve due to the high numbers of civilians who partipated in the genocide, and the high prison population of individuals detained for these crimes which the national courts, and international courts were unable to process and trial efficiently. The Gacaca system an indigenous system of conflict resolution adapted to the needs of providing communal justice, by involving Rwandan's within the Justice process. Aside from trailing and prosecuting 'gacaca's mandate was extended to include a focus on truth–telling, reconciliation and the reintegration of prisoners'. Palmer (2005:4) The extension of Gacacas mandate to include reconciliation and truth telling was a necessary measure as it played a strong role in not only providing justice for the victims of the genocide, but provides perpetrator the opportunity to express remorse for their actions, which was an absent factor of both the national and international mechanisms. For reconciliation to be truly fostered, perpetrators must acknowledge that their actions were wrongful, negatively impacting on individuals, and must be given a platform, to express these feelings and remorse which the gacaca system aimed to provide, in a complex three–part interaction between the victim, perpetrator and members of the community who witnessed the violence. In order to examine the extent to which Gacaca, has fulfilled its primary goals, an outline of Gacaca's Jurisdictions is strongly Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Genocide in Rwanda Essay Genocide is "the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, ethnic, political, or cultural group". In Rwanda for example, the Hutu–led government embraced a new program that called for the country's Hutu people to murder anyone that was a Tutsi (Gourevitch, 6). This new policy of one ethnic group (Hutu) that was called upon to murder another ethnic group (Tutsi) occurred during April through June of 1994 and resulted in the genocide of approximately 800,000 innocent people that even included women and children of all ages. In this paper I will first analyze the origins/historical context regarding the discontent amongst the Hutu and Tutsi people as well as the historical context as to why major players in the international...show more content... The Belgians also decreed that Tutsis should be the only ones in power and thus removed Hutus from positions of power and excluded them from higher education (Arraras). "By assuring the Tutsis' monopoly of power the Belgians set the stage for future conflict in Rwanda" (Arraras). The Tutsis were enjoying their status as being superior to the Hutus but all that changed in 1959 with the Hutu revolution and so in 1960 and 1961 the Hutus won the elections. Since then, ethnic tensions had always been brewing between the Hutus and the Tutsis. However the tensions escalated when Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, was shot down above Kigali airport on April 6, 1994. I consider this to be a form of political violence because someone or a group that opposed this President which represented only the political interests as well as the viability of the Hutus had to be killed in order for another group possibly the Tutsis to fill the vacuum of power left by the Hutu president. The Hutus blamed the assassination of their president on the Tutsis and in turn sparked an all out massacre waged on to the Tutsi people. Although it is sometimes viewed that major players in the international community did not get involved in the conflict between the Hutus and the Tutsis I argue that in some form or fashion they did. For example, prior to the genocide of 1994 the United States had formed an alliance with the Tutsis, they even gave Paul Kagame, co–founder of the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. War Crimes And Genocide In Rwanda The frequency of war crimes and genocide in Rwanda was portended by the commencement of the Civil War. Madsen (21) explains that, more than 1200 Bagogwe people, a group of the North–western Rwanda related to the Tutsis were massacred by Armed Forces of Rwanda while "irregular Hutus" slaughtered Tutsis all through the northern and southern regions of Rwanda. The complicity of the RPF in the repeated violation of Interntional Law was replete in their actions during the Civil War. Thousands of civillians were the targets of brutal attacks. Rusesabinga(22) in an account of one of the attacks on a prison states that: The RPF opened the gates of Ruhengeri prison, freeing many prisoners and enrolling them as fighters. The RPF also engaged in heavy Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Genocide In Rwanda The United Nations efforts in peace–keeping operations in Rwanda had many setbacks and was considered to be a failure for many reasons. One of the reasons being the International community's failure to make a distinction between a civil war and genocide in Rwanda. (Khan, 196) This meant that the little effort presented by the UN department of peacekeeping operations was often too late. In previous years the world has witnessed countless civil wars which have taken place in Somalia, Liberia, Haiti, Georgia and Angola. However, genocide was not present in these wars and was uncommon. (Khan, 196) According to Alain Destexhe,Rwanda was only the third experience of genocide in this century. Thus, with the ongoing tensions and unrest, dating back to 1990, between the Hutu–led government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) it was evident that Rwanda was on course for a civil war but what was failed to realise was that a genocide was also taking place. (Khan, 197)...show more content... (Wikipedia) The member states of the Security Council were more so focused on the aspect of civil war rather than genocide, which made it difficult to provide effective assistance and also prevented them from acting under the 1948 'convention of the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide'. (Khan, 197) Although, there was a Chapter VI mandate which called for a ceasefire and for Rwanda to revisit the Arusha Accords presented in 1993 (Khan,2) however, the unrest in Rwanda was in fact a genocide and thus the Chapter VI mandate did not have much of an effect and could not prevent the massacre of thousands of Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Essay On The Rwanda Genocide DAYSTAR UNIVERSITY School of Arts and Humanities Department of Theology and Biblical Studies ETH 202: Ethics of War and Peace Assignment: Credo II A discussion on the Rwandan Genocide and Kenyan Post Election Violence Presented by: K. Ntinyari Mbogori 15–1658 Presented to: Reverend Steven Nduto Date: 29|09|17 1.What was the main reason that triggered the Rwandan Genocide on April 7, 1994? The country of Rwanda comprises an old kingdom that spanned several hundreds of years, established, ruled and ran by a people who spoke the language Kinyarwanda. Within its years, these people split into two groups namely the Hutu and the Tutsi. It is unclear why, but it is speculated that it may have been because of the different occupations they took; the Hutu being farmers and the Tutsi raising cattle. The Tutsi, despite...show more content... What possible benefits did the Kenyans got from the 2007/2008 PEV? Post– election violence occurred following similar ethnic frustrations to the Rwandan Genocide. Once again, the perceived marginalization of one community economically, politically and socially led to an uprising that devastated the country. Prior to this, Kenya had been considered the most stable and the most successful democracies in East Africa following the landslide victory that overthrew Daniel Arap Moi. Following the announcement of the election victor on December 27th 2008 and the subsequent clandestine swearing–in ceremony of the announced winner Mwai Kibaki, violence erupted around the country with tribes of the western part of Kenya namely the Luo and Kalenjin rising up against the Kikuyu and the latter's retaliation. The violence spread and lasted until February the next year after which followed the peace, power–sharing and mediation talks conducted by Kofi Anan the former UN Secretary General. By this time, an estimated 1500 Kenyans had been killed and thousands
  • 9. others displaced, doomed to live several years in Internally Displaces Person's Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Essay On Rwanda Genocide The Rwandan Genocide: Crime against humanity Throughout history, human beings have revolutionized the world using technology and other innovative means. However, it goes without saying on the opposite side of the coin that although people are capable of creating phenomenal things, people are just as capable of destruction. For as long as there has been differences amongst people in society, there has always been discrimination against people in regards to a certain race, class, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and etc. In the most extreme cases, differences of groups of people in society have resulted in mass persecution through the systematic destruction know as genocide. In society, atrocious genocides aren't uncommon events. Since the beginning of time, people have participated in horrific acts of injustice against one another from the first modern genocide of "the 13th century, when heretics in Medieval Europe were massacred during Albigensian Crusade" (History 1) to the most recent, the Rwandan Genocide. The...show more content... This made the Hutus alter their strategy completely and they decided to exterminate the Tutsis completely to get ride of opposition, so that they will remain in power. During the Rwandan genocide, systematic rape was also practiced "as a weapon of war" (End Genocide). There was around 250,000 to 500,000 women raped and it was done to destroy the Tutsi by emotional pain. The Hutus wanted the woman to "die of sadness" and to cripple them with health problems. In most cases, the women were murdered after being raped. Eventually, in the span of 100 days, the RPF started to "make gains on both the battlefield and in the negotiations led by Tanzania". In the beginning of July, the RPF gained authority over the majority of the country and many Hutus left the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Genocide In Rwanda The Rwanda Genocide "' Beautiful?' said one Rwandan. 'After the things that have happened here?'" ("GENOCIDE–RWANDA") This quote is an example of how the Rwandan Genocide changed the lives and perspectives of many people living there. This genocide brings back horrific memories to families and people living in Rwanda. This genocide lasted a total of 100 days and nearly 800,000 people were perished in it. The Rwandan Genocide was a very shocking and depressing event in history that should never be forgotten. To start with, Rwanda is a very small country located near the center of Africa ("Rwandan Genocide<< World Without Genocide –Working to create a World Without Genocide"). It had a population of 7.7 million: 90% Hutu ethnic group and 9% Tutsis before the genocide began ("Rwandan Genocide<< World Without Genocide–Working to create a World Without Genocide"). The first tension was driven between the Hutus and the Tutsis when European colonists moved into Rwanda and chose the Tutsis for a group to be privileged and educated ("GENOCIDE– RWANDA"). Because of this, Hutus...show more content... According to the United Human Rights Council, "Tutsis and people suspected of being Tutsi, were killed in their homes as they tried to flee to get away from Hutu persecution." People who didn't agree with the killing, even Hutus, were brutally murdered as they tried to speak against the genocide ("United Human Rights Council"). The killing in this genocide, often using machetes and clubs, was entirely carried out by hand ("GENOCIDE–RWANDA"). About 200,000 people participated in the killings of the genocide ("United Human Rights Council"). In the time span of 100 days, 800,000 men, women, and children were killed, which was as much as Вѕ of the Tutsi population ("United Human Rights Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Genocide In Rwanda Genocide During the Rwandan genocide, it didn't matter whether or not you have known someone for five years or fifteen years, in the end, you would be killed. In this time, many people who married Tutsis were targeted as well due to the fact that they were married or engaged. Even having a relationship even if it was not exclusive you were targeted for being interested in a Tutsi, who at the time were called cockroaches. Tutsis were identified by having lighter skin, lighter eyes, and thinner noses. They were also typically taller and thinner. Yet that doesn't make someone Tutsi or Hutu, yet back then if you had any of these traits you were considered a Tutsi even if you were really a Hutu. This racial segregation that was created led to many...show more content... She said that since the war had already started in1990 there were already refugees. "The genocide started after the death of the president, it was April 6 at 8:30 AM" she had said. "A private radio station started calling all Hutu's to kill Tutsi's. The radio messages were "We must kill the Tutsi's... the woman... the children...everybody!" They kept on chanting, "We must kill the Tutsi's!, We must kill the Tutsi's!" They sang this "song" every five minutes" she had said. I know from prior knowledge, that she is referring to radio RTLM. She told us that when she was forced to flee she had witnessed the deaths. That they would pile them like trash, and feel triumphant afterward. "I could bear the sight, people were being killed like animals." As she retells the story of her escape and endless wander she says, "As I was passing through a barrier, I remember telling my husband: The fate of the Tutsi people is to die. You are Hutu. You must not stay with me any longer. I am going to die, stop following me! We said goodbye and I said, "If god wills, we'll meet each other again..." She has not seen nor heard of her husband since. The things she saw were sickening. "Passing through the barriers I saw how people were being killed with machetes, people were killed that... I don't know how someone could justify that." She had later said, "As I was Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. The Failure Of Genocide In Rwanda involved until after the atrocities were done. There is also a question of motives that has recently come out on the part of the French. In August of 2008, a Rwandan commission looking at the genocide believes that the French government was involved in the actual genocide. The commission "accuse Paris d'avoir Г©tГ© au courant des prГ©paratifs du massacre qui a fait entre 800 000 et 1 million de morts"[27] (accuses Paris to have known about the preparations of the massacre that had between 800,000 and 1 million dead). This is the first time that the French have been formally accused by a commission regarding their dealings with Rwanda as previous French and journalistic commissions found that France was not involved in the genocide. It is unsure...show more content... Should the slightest abuse in human rights give the right for states to "intervene". Who decides those human rights? The West? The U.S invaded Iraq because of weapons of mass destruction and because of the horrible man Saddam Hussein was. However, when he gassed his own people, there was no invasion of the country. The world may not be able to agree on all human rights issues; however they should realize that everyone has the right to live. When there is systematic killing of an ethnic civilian group, genocide is occurring. There are no acts of genocides, there is just Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Rwandan Genocide Essay The formation of the United Nations in 1945 was marked by an international outcry to 'never again' idly bear witness to the genocidal atrocities capable of man, as so harshly revealed in the nature of the Holocaust. In doing so, all member states actively sought to facilitate discussion in the United Nations as a world forum, in order to achieve both international and intra–national security. While the United Nations has achieved various successes in the international community, the international entity and its' member states are subject to various legal and moral flaws, weakening response to conflicts in the contemporary era of international relations. These failures are exemplified tragically in the response to the Rwandan genocide in...show more content... The genocide was partly founded in ethno–politics, as a group of exiled Hutus, the Rwandan Patriotic Front, invaded Rwanda from Uganda in order to reclaim their power within Rwanda from the Tutsi peoples. The turbulent relationship between the two groups was founded in pre–colonial, colonial, post–colonial and modern relationships and frameworks. The pre–colonial ethnic distinctions of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa, defined by social and economic organization were furthered by colonization, during which rigid segregation continued to plague political and social Rwandan frameworks. These distinctions were hypothesized and glorified by the academic community during colonization as the Hamitic hypothesis began to gain prominence. The theory was based upon the idea of a scientific racial supremacy separating the three tribes, praising the Tutsi pastoralists as being naturally destined to be the ruling group (Codere 1962, 48). Further, the premise was of distinguishable, observable traits between the two groups, in a practice often conceptualized as scientific racism. As decolonization became a more common shift in the international realm, the second colonizers of Rwanda, the state of Belgium, began to maintain authority over the territory. The Rwandan Revolution of 1959, saw a dramatic switch in the Rwandan power structure, as the Hutu majority suddenly rose to prominence and the Tutsi were excluded from government with active Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Genocide In Rwanda Genocide is not a good thing to have in our world so I am going to talk about sometimes it has happened, How to fix it, and why the heck would someone start genocide. Some examples of Genocide are the holocaust, Armenian Genocide, and Rwandan Genocide. These were all times a mass group of people was targeted based on how they looked or what they believed in. In the Holocaust Adolf Hitler targeted Jews. In the Armenian Genocide the Ottoman Empire killed a lot of people and finally the Rwandan Genocide. In the Rwandan Genocide it was the Tutsi people being targeted. These all affected people in a big way which caused them to rebuild as a group. How to help Genocide? One way that the world can help Genocide is having a countries allies come Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Rwanda Genocide Sociology The term genocide encompasses some of the darkest times in the history of the world. There is no definitive answer as to what drives one sect of society to try and eliminate another based purely on their cultural, racial, national or political affiliation either by birth or by choice. During World War II, between six and eleven million Jewish people were systematically exterminated by the Nazis. Although it was the most prolific of genocides, it was not the first or the last of this atrocity to occur. In 1994, genocide occurred in the African nation of Rwanda. At the time it happened, the world paid little heed while almost a million people were killed. After the incident, the reaction of the United Nations came under scrutiny as researchers ...show more content... This had to do with the peacekeepers that were sent to Rwanda, and how long they should stay there. The UN wanted to pull out troops, but they did not want to be hated. During the time the plan was being approved President Clinton did not want to commit any forces to Rwanda. Because of this, the US was scrutinized by the media and asked why they said no, but they did try to help clean up the situation. Althorugh troops were sent, they did not arrive until the middle of July. Though they were late, this did help to receive any other refugees to get away and to clam the genocide. But only fifty US vehicles were really sent to help them get out, the extra troops were sent by the UN Secretary General for peacekeeping duties along with 200 artillery pieces for a thousand men. Thanks to all the plans that had been approved and suggested by others to appease the situation thought many have died a few were saved thanks to UN efforts and as all know thans to a certain owner of a hotel who convinced a UN officer to take refugees out of Rwanda despite the risk of taking them out. There were many road blocks that were swarming with Hutus trying to stop them , but it was too late and because of this many more lives were saved so the UN sending peacekeepers actually saved lives CONCLUSION In conclusion, the Rwandan genocide clearly stemmed from decades of feuds and led to the death of over 800,000 people. Some people think the genocide could have been prevented if the United States and the United Nations would have done more sooner. Looking at the history of Alexander Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Genocide in Rwanda Essay Genocide War is not a necessary evil humans must endure. Although, war is not necessary, humans go to war to try to gain power, fortune, and to spread their particular group's religions and beliefs. By definition civilization is an advanced state of intellectual, cultural, and material development in human society, marked by progress in the arts and sciences, the extensive use of record–keeping, including writing, and the appearance of complex political and social institutions. The chaos of war is reflected in the semantic history of the word war. War can be traced back to the Indo–European root *wers–, "to confuse, mix up." In the Germanic family of the Indo–European languages, this root gave rise to several words having to do with...show more content... They also had begun organized slaughter, starting in the capital Kigali. They had killed nearly one million Rwandans in 100 days time. The first people to be killed were those most likely to resist the plan of genocide. Those people included the Prime Minister, the Prisdent of the constitutional court, priests, leaders of the Liberal Pary, etc. Also, those who did not immediately join the comapaign, like the governor of the south, were removed from their political positions and some politicians were killed. As the killing intensified, the international community deserted Rwanda. The US closed their eyes to the problems going on in Rwanda and Burundi because it did not affect them. Western nations landed troops in Rwanda or Burundi in the first week to evacuate their citizens, did so, and left. The UN mission (UNAMIR), created in October 1993 to keep the peace and assist the governmental transition in Rwanda, sought to intervene between the killers and civilians. It also tried to mediate between the RPF and the Rwandan army after the RPF struck from Rwanda to protect Tutsi and rescue their battalion encamped in Kigali as part of the Accord. On April 21, 1994, the United Nations Security Council, at the behest of the United States–which had no troops in Rwanda–Belgium, and others, voted to withdraw all but a remnant of UNAMIR. The Security Council took Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Rwanda Genocide: The Assassination Of Rwanda From June 7 to July of 1994, a kind of terrifying violence overcame small East–African country, Rwanda. Close to a million lost their lives in just a span of one hundred days. Neighbors killing neighbors, streets riddled with dead bodies and blood–thirsty rebels waiting to strike, and the near– extermination of an entire population became an everyday reality for helpless Rwandans. The same questions perplexed horrified people all around the world: What inspired such hate? And why did this hate suddenly lead to such a gruesome course of action? The assassination ofRwanda's president may have been the final catalyst that began the genocide, but it was far from being the only catalyst. Rwanda's colonial history resulted in a clear schism between...show more content... Initially, Western media dismissed the beginnings of the genocide as just another "tribal conflict" or civil war in "war–torn Africa". This often led outside countries to dismiss the conflict for up to a month. Soon, however, as the Western journalists in Rwanda began to communicate to their countries how bad the violence really was, a growing understanding of just how catastrophic the genocide was finally began hitting the West. Unfortunately, before the West could gauge much more, all non–Rwandan people were ordered out of the country. French, Belgian, American, and other citizens living in Rwanda were ordered back to their country and they took with them the last of the journalists who were truly connected to the Western world. Information about what was happening every day and how the genocide was escalating was limited (The Editorial Board). Even then, there were enough humanitarian organizations on the ground that constantly updated the international community on the disastrous state of Rwanda. Despite knowing enough about the genocide to at least intervene on some level, the international community was especially slow to move. People were dying at alarming numbers in Rwanda and the world was hesitant to move because it did not want to label the conflict a genocide ("Rwanda, Genocide, Hutu, Tutsi, Mass Execution..."). Calling the conflict a genocide would mean definitive involvement and this involvement, purely done for humanitarian reasons, would take up money and resources. Since most countries had no interests to protect in Rwanda, they felt a limited sense of urgency and discussed the correct definition of the word "genocide" while thousands got displaced and died ("Rwanda, Genocide, Hutu, Tutsi, Mass Execution..."). Aside from not wanting to spend resources, nations like America were hesitant to intervene in Africa because of their past on the continent. In the past, American soldiers Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Essay On Genocide In Rwanda Heartbreak and Loss Inside a Nation Harmony turned power hungry. The Tutsis, tall warrior people, invaded the homeland of the Hutu farmers. The Tutsis had fewer numbers. Yet, they still conquered the Hutus. There was a compromise: if the Tutsis raised the crops the Hutus would in turn protect them. They lived as one, spoke the same language, and intermarried. However, when Belgium withdrew their troops a power vacuum spread rapidly throughout the rugged Rwandan plains. The Tutsis and Hutus civil war turned into a mass genocide that lasted for months. Some 600 years after, the Hutus pushed aside theTutsi and finally regained their rightfully deserved control. Now, Rwanda is at peace, but concerned with AIDS and other diseases. It is made lots...show more content... Instead of confronting the Hutus with words or nonviolent protests, the Tutsis began a warfare. I learned that no more than half of the Tutsi andHutu groups can read and write in their native language. Belgium and Germany must have seen this as an advantage. The Tutsis who held military power inherited it from the colonia lpower and don't want to share fully with the Hutus. A news reporter stated, "The German and Belgian invaders shrewdly manipulated the Tutsi and Hutu with the age–old, highly effective "divide and rule" strategy." If the Tutsis and Hutus had been educated they would have realized that. If they had a higher education they could have run for office, instead of electing a king. They were smart enough to form an army, train children with deadly weapons, and kill millions of people. The only difference between the two groups is economical, rather than ethical. Once they began the assassinations they could not stop the slaughter. At first the Hutus were victims of the atrocity, but once they regained power terror struck down on the Tutsis. All the unfair distribution of resources such as, wealth, and education powered their fight. Segregation was also a fuel that was ignited every time they were called "dark Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Genocide In Rwanda Genocide is defined as the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. In other words mass murder. But it's more than that, it also means committing any of the following acts with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group. Killing or Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group, Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of living and bringing it to its physical destruction in whole or in part, Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group, and transferring children of the group to another group by force. To understandgenocide we have to brake it down into eight stages the eight stages of genocide...show more content... This occurs when members of a group are consider to be animals, vermin, insects or diseases. At this stage, hate propaganda in print and on hate radios is used to illustratively and verbally abuse the victim group. While fighting against this dehumanization, incitement to genocide should not be confused with protected speech. Genocidal societies lack constitutional protection for countervailing speech, and should be treated differently than democracies. Local and international leaders should condemn the use of hate speech and make it culturally unacceptable. Leaders who incite genocide should be banned from international travel and have their foreign finances frozen. Hate radio stations should be shut down, and hate propaganda banned. Hate crimes and atrocities should be promptly Get more content on HelpWriting.net