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Characterizing and Reducing Errors in a Trapped Ion Experiment
- 1. The University of Sydney Page 1 Characterizing and Reducing Errors in a Trapped Ion Experiment Claire L. Edmunds1 C. Hempel1, A. R. Milne1, TR. Tan1, A. Singh1, & M. J. Biercuk1, 2 1ARC Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, The University of Sydney, NSW Australia 2Q-CTRL Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia March Meeting 2020, Denver, CO
- 2. The University of Sydney Page 2 Single-Qubit Microwave Gates with Trapped Ions Single-qubit average randomized benchmarking error = 1.9×10-5 * Encode qubits in 171Yb+ hyperfine ground states 2S1/2 2S1/2 * Appendix A : C. L. Edmunds, et al., Physical Review Research 2 (1), 013156 (2020)
- 3. The University of Sydney Page 3 21µm distance Microwave field and magnetic field gradients Rabi shift = 1.2 Hz/𝜇m (1% across 10 ions) Qubit frequency shift = 200 mHz/𝜇m Global Microwave Gates with Trapped Ions J. M. Pino, et al., arXiv:2003.01293 (2020)
- 4. The University of Sydney Page 4 Error rates vary by over an order of magnitude from the best performing, “calibration” qubit Global Randomized Benchmarking for 10 Qubits Calibration qubit
- 5. The University of Sydney Page 5 Dynamically corrected gates (DCGs) to suppress errors 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 SequenceError→ -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 Relative Qubit Detuning Error Primitive Q-CTRL CinBB BB1 CORPSE 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 SequenceError→ -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 Pulse Length Error Primitive Q-CTRL CinBB BB1 CORPSE * Q-CTRL Black Opal App * H. Ball et al., arXiv:2001.04060 (2020)
- 6. The University of Sydney Page 6 Standard deviation is reduced by ~8x using over-rotation error suppressing BB1 gates Homogenizing Error Rates Between Qubits with DCGs
- 7. The University of Sydney Page 7 Homogenizing Error Rates Over Time with DCGs 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 ProbabilityBright 86420 Time (Hours) Primitive (Data) BB1 (Data) Primitive (Mean) BB1 (Mean) Prepare in |0⟩ ȒX(𝜋/2) ȒX(𝜋/2) ȒX(𝜋/2) ȒX(𝜋/2) Measure population in |1⟩ t 1 2 100 101 ȒX(𝜋/2) 3 … Standard deviation is reduced by ~25x using over-rotation error suppressing BB1 gates
- 8. The University of Sydney Page 8 Suppressing Temporal Correlations with DCGs Primitive gates remain dominated by correlated errors and variance saturates quickly Under the same noise, DCG averaging behaviour is ~indistinguishable from purely uncorrelated errors C. L. Edmunds, et al., Physical Review Research 2 (1), 013156 (2020)
- 9. The University of Sydney Page 9 Microwave Synthesis Phase Noise • Phase noise increases multiplicatively when we up-convert frequencies • Increasing the carrier frequency N x adds : <latexit sha1_base64="zWvepflsAaAxSXoePE4CoKWgg2I=">AAACCnicbVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmtAh1U5Ii2GXRjSupYB/QhjCZTNuhkwczN2IJWbvxV9y4UMStX+DOv3HaRtDWAxcO59zLvfd4seAKLOvLWFpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3bNvf2WihJJWZNGIpIdjygmeMiawEGwTiwZCTzB2t7ocuK375hUPApvYRwzJyCDkPc5JaAl1zyqWj1g9yCDVESDzE1tKytfn/5o/kXmmiWrYk2BF4mdkxLK0XDNz54f0SRgIVBBlOraVgxOSiRwKlhW7CWKxYSOyIB1NQ1JwJSTTl/J8IlWfNyPpK4Q8FT9PZGSQKlx4OnOgMBQzXsT8T+vm0C/5qQ8jBNgIZ0t6icCQ4QnuWCfS0ZBjDUhVHJ9K6ZDIgkFnV5Rh2DPv7xIWtWKbVXsm7NSvZbHUUCH6BiVkY3OUR1doQZqIooe0BN6Qa/Go/FsvBnvs9YlI585QH9gfHwDGqmafA==</latexit> • Generating 12.6 GHz from 10 MHz reference à +62 dB of phase noise!
- 10. The University of Sydney Page 10 Microwave Synthesis with a Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillator Modulate a 10.5 GHz signal from the CSO with a ~2 GHz arbitrary waveform, created using a sample clock also taken from the CSO Keysight M8190A - AWG 1.X GHz 10.58 GHz 12.6 GHz 5.8 GHzSample clock CSO Single-sideband modulation (SSB) J. G. Harnett, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 183501 (2012)
- 11. The University of Sydney Page 11 1 Hz from carrier: -100 dBc vs. -50 dBc ~100,000x improvement 1kHz from carrier: -115 dBc vs. -123 dBc ~5x improvement Reduced Phase Noise using the CSO and AWG at 12.6 GHz
- 12. The University of Sydney Page 12 Summary – Dynamically corrected gates can be employed to reduce net error rates, homogenize errors between gates and between qubits, and reduce correlated errors1 – Replacing a VSG microwave generator with a CSO reduces phase noise and calibration overhead2 1C. L. Edmunds, Physical Review Research 2 (1), 013156 (2020) 2J. G. Harnett, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 183501 (2012)