SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 15
The Laurillard’s Conversational
Framework (LCF) is relevant in the
field of LANGUAGE EDUCATION
It requires appropriate and
complex use of various technology.
It presents the way teaching events
in language classrooms can be
thoroughly related to their
language learning events.
Every language teachers need to
systematically match their teaching
styles to the learning needs of their
students.
So the integration of ICT and
pedagogy will be done in a
comprehensive and meaningful
way.
This framework can be
fully maximized in a
developing learning
plans for language
teaching.
PEDAGOGY
- language teaching
strategies/techniques use to
deliver the lessons and allow
learners to demonstrate the
curricular language competencies.
This reflects the art of teaching a
teacher will employ in the learning
process.
SOCIAL INTERACTION
-allows learner to naturally acquire
a language and develop language
knowledge and skills that are
important for them to live and
work in various communities.
A teacher may plan a social interaction activities
that aim to enhance language learning while
students may maximize computers individually
or collaboratively.
TECHNOLOGY
- The usage of computers to
support various learning activities.
This framework aims to equip teachers to be able to do
their roles achieving the following societal goals:
Build workforces that have information and
communications technology (ICT) skills and are reflective,
creative and adept at problem-solving in order to
generate knowledge;
Enable people to be knowledgeable and resourceful so
they are able to make informed choices, manage their
lives effectively and realize their potential;
to generate knowledge;
Encourage all members of society irrespective of gender,
language, age, background, location, and differing
abilities to participate fully in society and influence the
decisions that effect their lives; and
Foster cross-cultural understanding , tolerance and the
peaceful resolution of conflict.
teachers,
we aim to
develop
the macro
skills of
our
learners.
The
concern
is, how do
we teach
these
skills in
KWL CHART
Language Topic:
Big Question:
What I know What I want to Know What I learned
• A process of asking questions
• Providing solutions to emerging issues affecting the society in general.
• An approach requiring learner’s active participation in finding
answers to curricular questions.
• Learners are given opportunities to engage in self-regulated activities
as they pursue their investigation.
• Using this approach in a language class can develop communication
skills as it involves activities such as writing questions, deliberating
ways of finding answers to curricular questions, and presenting
outputs as evidence of inquiry among others.
Inquiry-Based and Research-Based Learning
Types of Inquiry
1. Structured – This lets the students follow the lead of the
teacher as the entire class engages in one inquiry together.
2. Controlled – The teacher chooses topics and identifies the
resources that the students will use to answer questions.
3. Guided – The teacher chooses topics or questions and students
design the product or solution.
4. Free – Students are allowed to choose their own topics without
any reference to a prescribed outcome.
Role of the Language Teacher:
1. LT needs to look into the learning competencies that can be satisfied by a
simple inquiry or more complex inquiry.
2. LT controls and prepares the topic for investigation and guides learners by
setting the questions to be explored.
3. LT has to consider the following fields when designing IBL approach:
*Prior Knowledge Capacity
*Context – Learners require meaning from experience.
*Content and Learning materials
*Process
*Strategy of reactions and behavior
*Course Outcomes
Problem-Based Learning and Project-Based Learning
Nature of Problem-Based Learning
•Involves a process of inquiry and solving open-
ended questions that serves as the main
problem that the learners will work on.
•Questions must focus on a specific content
standard and its application to real life issues.
•It requires more than one answer or solution
•Its end goal is to ensure that the target and the
learning competencies are achieved in the
process.
5 Principles of PBL (Ali (2009))
• It is a power of independent and self-directed
learning.
• Learning happens in a group and teacher is a
facilitator.
• All groups have to participate equally.
• Students’ learn about motivation, teamwork,
problem-solving and engagement with the task.
• Materials such as data, photographs, articles, can be
used to solve the problem.
Benefits of Problem-Based Learning
(Ghufron & Ermawati, 2018, p. 666 – in EFL writing class)
1. Promotes self-confidence and motivation
2. Reduces students’ nervousness during the learning process.
3. Increases students’ responsibility in learning.
4. Makes students’ easily learn the material through sharing of
ideas.
5. Promotes problem-solving skills
6. Promotes self-directed learning
7. Promotes active learning
8. Makes students explore many learning resources
9. Makes students develop positive attitude towards learning
Baresh, Ali, & Darmi, 2019 – EFL Students:
•Enhances fluency in communication
•Improves grammar
•Increases comprehension
•Enhances good pronunciations and
intonations
•Enhances self-confidence
•Increases range of vocabulary
Nature of Project-Based Learning
• A teaching method that engages learners in a series of
planned tasks resulting to the generation of solutions to
real-world problems.
• A student-centered approach focusing on the experiences
and interest of students.
• Based on John Dewey’s principle of Learning by Doing and
Vygotsky’s constructivist theory of learning that advocates
social construction of knowledge.
• A collaborative learning activity where learners work on an
authentic task guided by an open-ended question.

More Related Content

Similar to Lesson-3.pptx

Constructive alignment in university teaching and curriculum
Constructive alignment in university teaching and curriculumConstructive alignment in university teaching and curriculum
Constructive alignment in university teaching and curriculumSatu Öystilä
 
BES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptx
BES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptxBES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptx
BES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptxKalola Eben
 
teaching learning strategies
teaching learning strategies teaching learning strategies
teaching learning strategies alizia54
 
cooperative learning
cooperative learningcooperative learning
cooperative learningRatna Sari
 
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS --- demostrative method at procedure text----
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS  --- demostrative method at procedure text----Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS  --- demostrative method at procedure text----
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS --- demostrative method at procedure text----khitdhys yh
 
MODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptx
MODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptxMODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptx
MODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptxSchool
 
Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Amina Tariq
 
General methods of teaching
General methods of teaching General methods of teaching
General methods of teaching HennaAnsari
 
Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)
Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)
Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)bsemathematics2014
 
Taller planning 09 primaria
Taller planning 09 primariaTaller planning 09 primaria
Taller planning 09 primariaDIRELI
 
FS CONFI.pptx
FS CONFI.pptxFS CONFI.pptx
FS CONFI.pptxNoli Jose
 
Criteria for curriculum assessment report.pptx
Criteria for curriculum assessment report.pptxCriteria for curriculum assessment report.pptx
Criteria for curriculum assessment report.pptxAllyzaFaeDavid1
 
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATEWhat makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATEDavid Drake
 
Interactive Ways of Teaching Language Skills
Interactive Ways of Teaching Language SkillsInteractive Ways of Teaching Language Skills
Interactive Ways of Teaching Language SkillsYogeshIJTSRD
 
Induction workshop for teachers
Induction workshop for teachersInduction workshop for teachers
Induction workshop for teacherswilliam mwaisumo
 
Innovative Teaching strategies..........
Innovative Teaching strategies..........Innovative Teaching strategies..........
Innovative Teaching strategies..........MECHILLEPAYVILLAREAL
 
slac innovative teaching using information technology
slac innovative teaching using information technologyslac innovative teaching using information technology
slac innovative teaching using information technologyvaleriejoycamemo1
 
Methods used in Teaching Language and Literature
Methods used in Teaching Language and LiteratureMethods used in Teaching Language and Literature
Methods used in Teaching Language and LiteratureMelaniaAbajaFlorendo
 

Similar to Lesson-3.pptx (20)

Constructive alignment in university teaching and curriculum
Constructive alignment in university teaching and curriculumConstructive alignment in university teaching and curriculum
Constructive alignment in university teaching and curriculum
 
BES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptx
BES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptxBES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptx
BES-ENG31 PPP 2021 Exam based.pptx
 
teaching learning strategies
teaching learning strategies teaching learning strategies
teaching learning strategies
 
cooperative learning
cooperative learningcooperative learning
cooperative learning
 
Teaching methods
Teaching methodsTeaching methods
Teaching methods
 
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS --- demostrative method at procedure text----
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS  --- demostrative method at procedure text----Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS  --- demostrative method at procedure text----
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS --- demostrative method at procedure text----
 
MODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptx
MODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptxMODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptx
MODULE 4-INTEGRATED-CURRICULUM_094640.pptx
 
Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)
 
General methods of teaching
General methods of teaching General methods of teaching
General methods of teaching
 
Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)
Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)
Integrative Teaching Strategies (ITS)
 
Taller planning 09 primaria
Taller planning 09 primariaTaller planning 09 primaria
Taller planning 09 primaria
 
Evaluation
EvaluationEvaluation
Evaluation
 
FS CONFI.pptx
FS CONFI.pptxFS CONFI.pptx
FS CONFI.pptx
 
Criteria for curriculum assessment report.pptx
Criteria for curriculum assessment report.pptxCriteria for curriculum assessment report.pptx
Criteria for curriculum assessment report.pptx
 
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATEWhat makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
 
Interactive Ways of Teaching Language Skills
Interactive Ways of Teaching Language SkillsInteractive Ways of Teaching Language Skills
Interactive Ways of Teaching Language Skills
 
Induction workshop for teachers
Induction workshop for teachersInduction workshop for teachers
Induction workshop for teachers
 
Innovative Teaching strategies..........
Innovative Teaching strategies..........Innovative Teaching strategies..........
Innovative Teaching strategies..........
 
slac innovative teaching using information technology
slac innovative teaching using information technologyslac innovative teaching using information technology
slac innovative teaching using information technology
 
Methods used in Teaching Language and Literature
Methods used in Teaching Language and LiteratureMethods used in Teaching Language and Literature
Methods used in Teaching Language and Literature
 

More from ChlaireGongora

3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptx
3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptx3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptx
3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptxChlaireGongora
 
ENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptx
ENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptxENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptx
ENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptxChlaireGongora
 
demo teaching_104847.pptx
demo teaching_104847.pptxdemo teaching_104847.pptx
demo teaching_104847.pptxChlaireGongora
 
PERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptx
PERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptxPERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptx
PERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptxChlaireGongora
 
SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docx
SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docxSURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docx
SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docxChlaireGongora
 

More from ChlaireGongora (7)

3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptx
3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptx3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptx
3.-Nature-of-Performance-Based-Assessment_123606.pptx
 
Lesson-2.pptx
Lesson-2.pptxLesson-2.pptx
Lesson-2.pptx
 
ENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptx
ENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptxENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptx
ENVISCI REPORTING 1.pptx
 
Badminton_040337.pptx
Badminton_040337.pptxBadminton_040337.pptx
Badminton_040337.pptx
 
demo teaching_104847.pptx
demo teaching_104847.pptxdemo teaching_104847.pptx
demo teaching_104847.pptx
 
PERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptx
PERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptxPERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptx
PERSUASIVE-SPEECH-Drips-MA.-Daniel-EM..pptx
 
SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docx
SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docxSURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docx
SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE REVIEWER_073502.docx
 

Recently uploaded

MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized GroupMARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized GroupJonathanParaisoCruz
 
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginnersDATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginnersSabitha Banu
 
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptxTypes of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptxEyham Joco
 
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Full Stack Web Development Course  for BeginnersFull Stack Web Development Course  for Beginners
Full Stack Web Development Course for BeginnersSabitha Banu
 
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptxIntroduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptxpboyjonauth
 
Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha elections
Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha electionsPresiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha elections
Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha electionsanshu789521
 
AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.
AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.
AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.arsicmarija21
 
Framing an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdf
Framing an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdfFraming an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdf
Framing an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdfUjwalaBharambe
 
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice greatEarth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice greatYousafMalik24
 
Roles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
Roles & Responsibilities in PharmacovigilanceRoles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
Roles & Responsibilities in PharmacovigilanceSamikshaHamane
 
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptxECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptxiammrhaywood
 
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptxGas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptxDr.Ibrahim Hassaan
 
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of IndiaPainted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of IndiaVirag Sontakke
 
Crayon Activity Handout For the Crayon A
Crayon Activity Handout For the Crayon ACrayon Activity Handout For the Crayon A
Crayon Activity Handout For the Crayon AUnboundStockton
 
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher EducationIntroduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Educationpboyjonauth
 

Recently uploaded (20)

MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized GroupMARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
 
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginnersDATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
 
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptxTypes of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
 
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
 
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdfTataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
 
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Full Stack Web Development Course  for BeginnersFull Stack Web Development Course  for Beginners
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
 
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptxIntroduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
 
Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha elections
Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha electionsPresiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha elections
Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha elections
 
AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.
AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.
AmericanHighSchoolsprezentacijaoskolama.
 
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
 
Framing an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdf
Framing an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdfFraming an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdf
Framing an Appropriate Research Question 6b9b26d93da94caf993c038d9efcdedb.pdf
 
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice greatEarth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
 
Roles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
Roles & Responsibilities in PharmacovigilanceRoles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
Roles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
 
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptxECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
 
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptxGas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
 
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of IndiaPainted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
 
Crayon Activity Handout For the Crayon A
Crayon Activity Handout For the Crayon ACrayon Activity Handout For the Crayon A
Crayon Activity Handout For the Crayon A
 
ESSENTIAL of (CS/IT/IS) class 06 (database)
ESSENTIAL of (CS/IT/IS) class 06 (database)ESSENTIAL of (CS/IT/IS) class 06 (database)
ESSENTIAL of (CS/IT/IS) class 06 (database)
 
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
 
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher EducationIntroduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
 

Lesson-3.pptx

  • 1. The Laurillard’s Conversational Framework (LCF) is relevant in the field of LANGUAGE EDUCATION It requires appropriate and complex use of various technology. It presents the way teaching events in language classrooms can be thoroughly related to their language learning events. Every language teachers need to systematically match their teaching styles to the learning needs of their students. So the integration of ICT and pedagogy will be done in a comprehensive and meaningful way.
  • 2. This framework can be fully maximized in a developing learning plans for language teaching. PEDAGOGY - language teaching strategies/techniques use to deliver the lessons and allow learners to demonstrate the curricular language competencies. This reflects the art of teaching a teacher will employ in the learning process. SOCIAL INTERACTION -allows learner to naturally acquire a language and develop language knowledge and skills that are important for them to live and work in various communities. A teacher may plan a social interaction activities that aim to enhance language learning while students may maximize computers individually or collaboratively. TECHNOLOGY - The usage of computers to support various learning activities.
  • 3. This framework aims to equip teachers to be able to do their roles achieving the following societal goals: Build workforces that have information and communications technology (ICT) skills and are reflective, creative and adept at problem-solving in order to generate knowledge; Enable people to be knowledgeable and resourceful so they are able to make informed choices, manage their lives effectively and realize their potential; to generate knowledge; Encourage all members of society irrespective of gender, language, age, background, location, and differing abilities to participate fully in society and influence the decisions that effect their lives; and Foster cross-cultural understanding , tolerance and the peaceful resolution of conflict.
  • 4. teachers, we aim to develop the macro skills of our learners. The concern is, how do we teach these skills in
  • 5. KWL CHART Language Topic: Big Question: What I know What I want to Know What I learned
  • 6. • A process of asking questions • Providing solutions to emerging issues affecting the society in general. • An approach requiring learner’s active participation in finding answers to curricular questions. • Learners are given opportunities to engage in self-regulated activities as they pursue their investigation. • Using this approach in a language class can develop communication skills as it involves activities such as writing questions, deliberating ways of finding answers to curricular questions, and presenting outputs as evidence of inquiry among others. Inquiry-Based and Research-Based Learning
  • 7. Types of Inquiry 1. Structured – This lets the students follow the lead of the teacher as the entire class engages in one inquiry together. 2. Controlled – The teacher chooses topics and identifies the resources that the students will use to answer questions. 3. Guided – The teacher chooses topics or questions and students design the product or solution. 4. Free – Students are allowed to choose their own topics without any reference to a prescribed outcome.
  • 8. Role of the Language Teacher: 1. LT needs to look into the learning competencies that can be satisfied by a simple inquiry or more complex inquiry. 2. LT controls and prepares the topic for investigation and guides learners by setting the questions to be explored. 3. LT has to consider the following fields when designing IBL approach: *Prior Knowledge Capacity *Context – Learners require meaning from experience. *Content and Learning materials *Process *Strategy of reactions and behavior *Course Outcomes
  • 9. Problem-Based Learning and Project-Based Learning
  • 10.
  • 11. Nature of Problem-Based Learning •Involves a process of inquiry and solving open- ended questions that serves as the main problem that the learners will work on. •Questions must focus on a specific content standard and its application to real life issues. •It requires more than one answer or solution •Its end goal is to ensure that the target and the learning competencies are achieved in the process.
  • 12. 5 Principles of PBL (Ali (2009)) • It is a power of independent and self-directed learning. • Learning happens in a group and teacher is a facilitator. • All groups have to participate equally. • Students’ learn about motivation, teamwork, problem-solving and engagement with the task. • Materials such as data, photographs, articles, can be used to solve the problem.
  • 13. Benefits of Problem-Based Learning (Ghufron & Ermawati, 2018, p. 666 – in EFL writing class) 1. Promotes self-confidence and motivation 2. Reduces students’ nervousness during the learning process. 3. Increases students’ responsibility in learning. 4. Makes students’ easily learn the material through sharing of ideas. 5. Promotes problem-solving skills 6. Promotes self-directed learning 7. Promotes active learning 8. Makes students explore many learning resources 9. Makes students develop positive attitude towards learning
  • 14. Baresh, Ali, & Darmi, 2019 – EFL Students: •Enhances fluency in communication •Improves grammar •Increases comprehension •Enhances good pronunciations and intonations •Enhances self-confidence •Increases range of vocabulary
  • 15. Nature of Project-Based Learning • A teaching method that engages learners in a series of planned tasks resulting to the generation of solutions to real-world problems. • A student-centered approach focusing on the experiences and interest of students. • Based on John Dewey’s principle of Learning by Doing and Vygotsky’s constructivist theory of learning that advocates social construction of knowledge. • A collaborative learning activity where learners work on an authentic task guided by an open-ended question.