The document defines key grammatical terms such as sentences, clauses, phrases, subjects, predicates, and parts of speech. It explains that a sentence contains a subject and a predicate, with the subject being what is being talked about and the predicate containing a verb stating what the subject is or does. Clauses can be independent, containing a complete thought, or dependent, not expressing a complete thought. Phrases are grammatical units within clauses or sentences that do not contain both a subject and predicate. Various terms are given examples and classifications.

2.  a group of words or a single word
that expresses a complete
thought, feeling, or idea. It usually
contains an explicit or implied
subject and a predicate
containing a finite verb.

3. 1. a subject: what we are talking about,
usually a noun or pronoun
2. a verb: tells that the
subject does something or is something,
and
3. a characteristic: can stand alone, can
be independent.

4.  Simple Subject
1. Usually only one
word.
2. Always a noun or
pronoun.
3. Tells what or who
the sentence is
about.
 Complete Subject
1. Can be several
words or only one
word.
2. Always contains a
noun or pronoun.
3. Always includes the
simple subject.

5.  Always a verb. (A
verb is a word that
tells what the
subject is doing or
being.) There are
two kinds of verbs:
1. Action verbs: run,
jump, sit, sleep.
2. Being verbs: am,
is, was, seem.

6.  Always contains
the simple
predicate (a
verb)
 Can be one
word or several
words.
The sunset is
beautiful.

7. 1. Dogs barked.
2. Those big dogs barked.
3. Those big dogs barked
loudly.
4. Those big dogs in the pen
next door barked loudly all
night.

8.  a group of words consisting of a
subject and its predicate.
1. Independent
2. Dependent

9.  An independent clause is a group of
words that contains a subject and
verb and expresses a complete
thought. An independent clause is a
sentence.
Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his
chemistry quiz.

10.  A dependent clause is a group of words
that contains a subject and verb but
does not express a complete thought. A
dependent clause cannot be a
sentence. Often a dependent clause is
marked by a subordinating conjunction.
When Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his
chemistry quiz

11.  a string of words that form a
grammatical unit, usually within a
clause or sentence.
 Of the man.
 The pen.

14. 1. After he saw Peter
2. When he is alone
3. Under me
4. The dog
5. Because the rain is terrible
6. in the east
7. on a wall.
8. with blue trimming
9. on the bridge
10. Joan Drove the car.

21. 1. Lena put the flowers she received for
her birthday (in, on) vase.
2. The crown (at, on) the winner’s head is
made of Davao pearls.
3. Bert put the greeting card he received
(inside, between) the pages of this
books.
4. The mother lay down (beside, in) her
child and read him a story.
5. Huge neon signs (under, above) the
high-rise buildings dotted the skyline.

22. 6. He is having a hard time swimming because
he is going (against, with) the current.
7. The policemen suddenly broke (into, out) the
gambling casino and arrested everyone
inside.
8. Coming (from, to) Baguio at the crack of
dawn, we reached Quezon City by noon.
9. We drove (around, between) Quezon City for
about an hour before finding her house.
10. The Sultan of Brunei arrived (at, of) the Ninoy
Aquino international Airport yesterday.

24. 1. Clause
2. Clause
3. Phrase
4. Phrase
5. Phrase
6. Phrase
7. Phrase
8. Phrase
9. Phrase
10. Sentence

31. 1. Lena put the flowers she received for her
birthday (in, on) a vase.
2. The crown (at, on) the winner’s head is
made of Davao pearls.
3. Bert put the greeting card he received
(inside, between) the pages of this
books.
4. The mother lay down (beside, in) her
child and read him a story.
5. Huge neon signs (under, above) the
high-rise buildings dotted the skyline.

32. 6. He is having a hard time swimming because
he is going (against, with) the current.
7. The policemen suddenly broke (into, out)
the gambling casino and arrested everyone
inside.
8. Coming (from, to) Baguio at the crack of
dawn, we reached Quezon City by noon.
9. We drove (around, between) Quezon City
for about an hour before finding her house.
10. The Sultan of Brunei arrived (at, of) the Ninoy
Aquino international Airport yesterday.