presentation on lifi technology

1. MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, MUMBAI
C. S. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DEORI DIST.-GONDIA
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER ENGINEERING
A SEMINAR ON : Li-Fi Technology
Guided by:-
Miss.*************
Miss. ************
Presented by:-
Mr. Chetan N. Sontakke

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 PRESENT SCENARIO
 ISSUES REGARDING RADIO SPECTRUM
 VISIBLE LIGHT SPECTRUM
 HOW LIFI WORKS
 CONSTRUCTION OF LIFI
 COMPARISON OF LIFI WITH WIFI
 APPLICATIONS
 LIMITATIONS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
 Li-fi basically known as “LIGHT FEDILITY”
 The basic ideology behind this technology is that the data can
be transmitted through LED light whose intensity varies even
faster than the human eye.
 Li-Fi is the term some have used to label the fast and cheap
wireless-communication system
 As there are more and more devices coming up day-by-day
the signals are being clogged up due to heavy traffic, there a
need for an error free transmission technology.

4. HISTORY
 The technology truly began during the 1990's in countries
like Germany, Korea, and Japan where they discovered
LED's could be added to send information.
 At TED Global Talk, Haas demonstrated a data rate of
transmission of around 10Mbps.
 German scientists succeeded in creating an800Mbps
(Megabits per second) capable wireless network by using
nothing more than normal red, blue, green and yellow
LEDS.
 In October 2011 a number of companies and industries
formed the Li-Fi Consortium, to promote high-speed
optical wireless system to enhance the limited bandwidth
provided by radio-based wireless spectrum available.

5. PRESENT SCENARIO
1.4 Million Base Stations 5 Billion Devices

6. PRESENT SCENARIO
 Radio Spectrum is congested but the demand for
wireless data double each year .Every thing, it seems
want to use wireless data but the capacity is drying up.
 So what can carry this excess demand in the future .

8. Capacity :
 We transmit wireless data through radio waves.
 Radio waves are limited.
 Radio waves are scar and expensive.
 We only have a certain range of it.
 With the advent of the generation technology as of like of 2.5G,3G,4G and so
on we are running out of spectrum.
Efficiency :
 There are 1.4 million cellular radio base stations
 They consume massive amount of energy
 Most of this energy is not use for transmission but for cooling down the base
stations
 Efficiency of such a base station is only 5% and that raise a very big problem

9. Availability :
 Availability of radio waves causes another concern.
 We have to switch off our mobiles in airplanes.
 It is not advisable to use mobiles at places like petrochemical plants ,hospitals
petrol pumps.
Security :
 Radio waves penetrates through walls
 They can be intercepted
 If someone has a knowledge and bad intentions then he may misuse it

10. Radio
Waves
Infrared
Rays
Visible
Rays
Ultra
Violet
Rays
X-Rays
Gamma
Rays
Gama rays cant be used as they could be dangerous.
X-rays have similar health issues.
Ultraviolet light is good for place without people, but other wise dangerous for the
human body.
Infrared, due to eye safety regulation, can only be used with low power.
Radio waves are limited bandwidth, expensive and less secure.
FIG-Electromagnetic Spectrum

12.  On one end all the data on the internet will be streamed to a lamp
driver when the led is turned on the microchip converts the
digital data in form of light.
 The LED lamp will hold a microchip that will do the job of
processing the data.
 A light sensitive device (photo detector) receives the signal and
converts it back into original data.
How LI-FI Works ?

13. Figure- Architecture Of Li-Fi

14.  An RF (radio-frequency) signal is generated by the solid-state
PA and is guided into an electric field about the bulb.
 The PCB controls the electrical inputs and outputs of the lamp
and houses the microcontroller used to manage different lamp
functions.
 The high concentration of energy in the electric field vaporizes
the contents of the bulb to a plasma state at the bulb’s centre ;
this controlled plasma generates an intense source of light
CONSTRUCTION
The LIFI product consists of 4 primary sub-assemblies:
• BULB
• RF power amplifier circuit (PA)
• Printed circuit board (PCB)
• Enclosure

17.  There are millions of street lamps deployed around
the world.
 Streets lamps can be transferred to lifi lamps to
transfer data.
 Each of these street lamps could be a free access
point.
PUBLIC INTERNET HOTSPOTS
APPLICATIONS OF LIFI

18. TRAFFIC LIGHTS
 Traffic lights can communicate to the car
and with each other.
 Cars have LED-based headlights, and
cars can communicate with each other
and prevent accidents in by exchanging
information.

19. Suitable for small offices
and home use

20. USED IN RF AREAS LIKE INDUSTRIES ,
PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS ,
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS,PETROL PUMPS,…..
PETROCHEMICAL
PLANTS NUCLEAR POWER
PLANTS

21. Whole airways communication are
performed on basis of radio waves
,passengers may face the problem in
communication media, so here LI-
FI can be replaced..
AIRCRAFTS:

22. HOSPITALS:

23. ON OCEAN BEDS
 Li-Fi can even work underwater were Wi-Fi fails completely, thereby
throwing open endless opportunities for military/navigation operations.
UNDERGROUND
WATER

24.  Visible Light is more safe than RF.
 Hence it can be used in places such as
petrochemical plants, Hospitals, Airlines
where RF is restricted.
SAFE ENVIRONMENT

25.  High installation cost of the VLC systems.
 A major challenge facing Li-Fi is how the receiving device will
transmit back to transmitter.
 Light can't pass through objects.
 Requires line of sight to transmit data.
LIMITATIONS

26. ADVANTAGES:
• High speed connectivity of the rate of 500mbps.
• Uses light rather than radio frequency signals so are intolerant to disturbances.
• Security is a side benefit of using light for data transfer as it does not penetrate.
• The issues of the shortage of radio frequency bandwidth may be sorted out by
LI-FI.
DISADVANTAGES:
•It can’t penetrate through walls.

27. NEED FOR LI-FI?
 Radio spectrum is congested , but the
demand for wireless data doubles each
year.
Issues regarding radio spectrum such as
capacity , availability ,efficiency ,security
are solved using LIFI.
Speed of data transmission can be
increased.

28. CONCLUSION
The possibilities are numerous and can be explored further. If
this technology can be put into practical use , every bulb can
be used something like a Wi-Fi hotspots to transmit wireless
data.

29. REFERENCES
 Wikipedia
 http://lificonsortium.org/
 http://gimt.edu.in/clientFiles/FILE_REPO/2012/NOV/23/
1353645362045/69.pdf
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRG9iXZbuAc