GI-FI TECHNOLOGY

1. A seminar report on
GI-FI TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
SRI VASAVI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Pedatadepalli, Tadepalligudem-534101,
W.G.Dist, AndhraPradesh,
Submitted By
P.GOPAL SRI RAM
(14A81A05A6)

2. INDEX
S.NO CONTENT NAME PAGE NO
ABSTRACT
1.
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Why Gi-Fi? 1
1.2 Bluetooth Verses Wi-Fi 1
1.3 Disadvantages of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi: 2
2
WHAT IS GI-FI? 3
2.1 Architecture of Gi-Fi: 3
2.2 Fundamental Technologies in 802.15.3C 4
2.3 Working in Gi-Fi: 4
2.3.1 Time-division duplex 4
2.4 Why 60 GHz..? 4
2.5 ULTRA WIDE BAND FREQUENCY USAGE: 5
3.
FEATURES OF Gi-Fi 6
3.1 Advantages 6
3.1.1 High speed of data transfer: 6
3.1.2 Low Power Consumption: 6
3.1.3 High Security: 6
3.1.4 Cost-effective: 6
3.1.5 Small Size: 7
3.1.6 Quick Deployment: 7
3.2 Other features: 7
3.3 Gi-Fi Access Devices: 8
4. RESULTS 9

3. 5.
BENEFITS OF GI-FI TECHNOLOGY 10
5.1 Removing Cables 10
5.2 Cost of Chip is low 10
5.3 Privacy and Security 11
5.4 Flexibility 11
6.
APPLICATIONS 12
6.1Different Applications 12
6.1.1 House Hold Appliances: 12
6.1.2 Office Appliances: 13
6.1.3 Video information transfer: 13
6.1.4 Inter-vehicle communication system: 14
6.1.5 Media access control (MAC) and imaging and others: 14
6.2 Future Considerations: 15
6.3 Technology Considerations 15
7.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 16
7.1 ADVANTAGES 16
7.2 DISADVANTAGES 16
8. CONCLUSION 17
9. REFERENCES 18

4. LIST OF FIGURES
Fig.No Fig. Name Page.NO
Fig. 1 Gigabit Wireless Pan Networks 3
Fig. 2 Oxygen Attenuation vs. Frequency 5
Fig.3
Gigabit wireless: The Gi-Fi integrated wireless
transceiver chip developed at the National ICT
Research Centre, Australia.
7
Fig.4 Access Devices 8
Fig.5 Evolution of Networks 10
Fig.6 Household Aplications 13
Fig.7 Office Appliances 14
Fig.8 Information Transfer 14
Fig.9 Inter-vehicle communication system 15
Fig.10 MAC and imaging and others 15

5. ABSTRACT
Gi-Fi will helps to push wireless communications to faster drive. For many years
cables ruled the world. Optical fibers played a dominant role for its higher bit rates and faster
transmission. But the installation of cables caused a greater difficulty and thus led to wireless
access. The foremost of this is Bluetooth which can cover 9-10mts. Wi-Fi followed it having
coverage area of 91mts. No doubt, introduction of Wi-Fi wireless networks has proved a
revolutionary solution to “last mile” problem. However, the standard’s original limitations for
data exchange rate and range, number of channels, high cost of the infrastructure have not yet
made it possible for Wi-Fi to become a total threat to cellular networks on the one hand, and
hard-wire networks, on the other. But the man’s continuous quest for even better technology
despite the substantial advantages of present technologies led to the introduction of new,
more up-to-date standards for data exchange rate i.e., Gi-Fi.

6. 1
1. INTRODUCTION
Wi-Fi (IEEE-802.11b) and Wi-Max (IEEE-802.16e) have captured our attention. As there
is no recent developments which transfer data at faster rate, as video information transfer
taking lot of time. This leads to introduction of Gi-Fi technology .it offers some advantages
over Wi-Fi, a similar wireless technology. In that it offers faster information rate in Gbps,
less power consumption and low cost for short range transmissions.
Gi-Fi which is developed on a integrated wireless transceiver chip. In which a small
antenna used and both transmitter- receiver integrated on a single chip which is fabricated
using the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. Because of Gi-Fi
transfer of large videos, files will be within seconds.
1.1 Why Gi-Fi?
The reason for pushing into Gi-Fi technology is because of slow rate, high power
consumption, low range of frequency operations of earlier technologies i.e. Bluetooth and
Wi-Fi, see the comparisons and features of those two technologies.
1.2 Bluetooth Verses Wi-Fi

7. 2
1.3 Disadvantages of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi
From the table we can conclude that the bit rate of Bluetooth is 800Kbps and Wi-Fi
has 11Mbps. Both are having power consumptions 5mw and 10mw. They have
lower frequency of operation 2.4GHz. For transferring large amount of videos, audios, data
files take hours of time. So to have higher data transfer rate at lower power consumption we
move onto GiFi Technology.

8. 3
2. WHAT IS GI-FI?
Gi-Fi or gigabit wireless is the world’s first transceiver integrated on a single chip that
operates at 60GHz on the CMOS process. It will allow wireless transfer of audio and video
data at up to 5 gigabits per second, ten times the current maximum wireless transfer rate, at
one-tenth the cost. NICTA researchers have chosen to develop this technology in the 57-
64GHz unlicensed frequency band as the millimeter-wave range of the spectrum makes
possible high component on-chip integration as well as allowing for the integration of very
small high gain arrays. The available 7GHz of spectrum results in very high data rates, up to
5 gigabits per second to users within an indoor environment, usually within a range of 10
meters. It satisfies the standards of IEEE 802.15.3C
2.1 Architecture of Gi-Fi
The core components of a Gi-Fi system is the subscriber station which available to
several access points. It supports standard of IEEE 802.15.3C supports millimeter-wave
wireless pan network used for communication among computer devices (including telephones
and personal digital assistants) close to one person. An 802.15.3C based system often uses
small antenna at the subscriber station. The antenna is mounted on the roof. It supports line of
sight operation.
Fig. 1 - Gigabit Wireless Pan Networks

9. 4
2.2 Fundamental Technologies in 802.15.3C
This millimeter-Wave WPAN will operate in the new and clear band including 57-64
GHz unlicensed band defined by FCC 47 CFR 15.255. The millimeter-wave WPAN will
allow high coexistence (close physical spacing) with all other microwave systems in the
802.15 family of WPANs.
2.3 Working in Gi-Fi
Here we will be use a time division duplex for both transmission and receiving. The
data files are up converted from IF range to RF 60Ghz range by using 2 mixers. We will feed
this to a power amplifier, which feeds millimeter-wave antenna.
The incoming RF signal is first down converted to an IF signal centered at 5 GHz
.and then to normal data ranges, here we will use heterodyne construction for this process to
avoid leakages due to direct conversion. Due to availability of 7 GHz spectrum the total data
will be transferred within seconds.
2.3.1 Time-division duplex
Time-Division Duplex (TDD) is the application of time-division multiplexing to
separate outward and return signals. It emulates full duplex communication over a half
duplex communication link. Time division duplex has a strong advantage in the case where
the asymmetry of the uplink and downlink data speed is variable. As uplink traffic increases,
more channel capacity can dynamically be allocated to that, and as it shrinks it can be taken
away. For radio systems that aren't moving quickly, another advantage is that the uplink and
downlink radio.
2.4 Why 60 GHz..?
Here we will use millimeter wave antenna which will operate at 60 GHz frequency
which is unlined band .Because of this band we are achieving high data rates energy
propagation In the 60 GHz band has unique characteristics that make possible many other
benefits such as excellent immunity to co-channel interference, high security, and frequency
re-use.

10. 5
Point-to-point wireless systems operating at 60 GHz have been used for many years for
satellite-to-satellite communications. This is because of high oxygen absorption at 60 GHz
(10-15 dB/Km). This absorption attenuates 60 GHz signals over distance, so that signals
cannot travel far beyond their intended recipient. For this reason, 60GHz is an excellent
choice for covert communications.
Fig. 2 - Oxygen Attenuation vs. Frequency
2.5 Ultra Wide Band Frequency Usage
UWB, is a technology with high bit rate, high security and faster data transmission. It is a
zero carrier technique with low coverage area. So we have low power consumption. These
features are Ultra-Wideband (UWB) is a technology for transmitting information spread over
a large bandwidth (>500 MHz) that should, be able to share spectrum with other users.
Regulatory settings of FCC are intended to provide an efficient use of scarce radio bandwidth
while enabling both high data rate personal-area network (PAN) wireless connectivity and
longer-range, low data rate applications as well as radar and imaging systems.

11. 6
3. FEATURES OF Gi-Fi
The Gi-Fi standard has been developed with many objectives in mind. These are
summarized below:
3.1 Advantages
3.1.1 High speed of data transfer:
The main invention of Gi-Fi is to provide higher bit rate .As the name itself indicates
data transfer rate is in Giga bits per second. Speed of Gi-Fi is 5 Gbps, which is 10 times the
present data transfer. Because of this high speed data transfer, we can swap large video,
audio, data files within seconds. Because of wider availability of continuous 7 GHz spectrum
results in high data rates.
3.1.2 Low Power Consumption:
As the large amount of information transfer it utilizes milli-watts of power only. It
consumes only 2mwatt power for data transfer of gigabits of information, where as in present
technologies it takes 10mwatt power, which is very high.
3.1.3 High Security:
As the IEEE 802.15.3C provides more security, it provides link level and service level
security, where these features are optional. Point-to-point wireless systems operating at 60
GHz have been used for many years by the intelligence community for high security
communications and by the military for satellite-to satellite communications. The combined
effects of O2 absorption and narrow beam spread result in high security and low interference.
3.1.4 Cost-effective:
Gi-Fi is based on an open, international standard. Mass adoption of the standard, and
the use of low-cost, mass-produced chipsets, will drive costs down dramatically, and the
resultant integrated wireless transceiver chip which transfers data at high speed low power
at low price $10 only. which is very less As compare to present systems .As go on
development the price will be decreased.

12. 7
3.1.5 Small Size:
Fig.3- Gigabit wireless: The Gi-Fi integrated wireless transceiver chip developed at the National
ICT Research Centre, Australia. —
The chip, just 5mm per side, has a tiny 1mm antenna and uses the 60GHz ‘millimeter-wave’
spectrum.
3.1.6 Quick Deployment:
Compared with the deployment of wired solutions, Wi-MAX requires little or no
external plant construction. For example, excavation to support the trenching of cables is not
required. Operators that have obtained licenses to use one of the licensed bands, or that plan
to use one of the unlicensed bands; do not need to submit further applications to the
Government. Once the antenna and equipment are installed and powered, Gi-Fi is ready for
service. In most cases, deployment of Gi-Fi can be completed in a matter of minutes,
compared with hours for other solutions.
3.2 Other features:
∑ High level of frequency re-use enabled – communication needs of multiple customers
within a small geographic region can be satisfied
∑ It is also highly portable-we can construct where ever we want.
∑ It deploys line of sight operation having only shorter coverage area, it has more
flexible architecture.

13. 8
3.3 Gi-Fi Access Devices:
Fig.4 – Access Devices
This figure shows some of the different types of Gi-Fi access devices. This diagram
shows that access devices include network termination units, internal radio modules, network
interface cards, printers, PC’s, all house hold electronic appliances on communication
devices.

14. 9
4. RESULTS
In recent years, new wireless local area networks (WLANs) such as Wi-Fi
and wireless personal area networks (WPAN) such as Bluetooth have become available.
Wireless USB, which matches the same range but roughly the same 480Mbps peak speed of
its wired equivalent. In new trends Gi-Fi wireless technology has been developed and can be
replacement for technologies such as Bluetooth and ultra-wideband (UWB). The process of
Gi-Fi would use a chip that transmits at an extremely high 60GHz frequency versus the
5GHz used for the fastest forms of Wi-Fi.
The sheer density of the signal would allow a chip to send as much as 5 gigabits per
second. While the spectrum would limit the device to the same 33-foot range as Bluetooth or
UWB, it could theoretically transfer an HD movie to a cell phone in seconds. Mixing and
signal filtering used in Gi-Fi technology would keep the signal strong versus the longer-
ranged but slower and more drop- prone Wi-Fi option of today. The chip in Gi-fi would
likely cost is less.
Table.1. Comparison of GI-FI and Existing Technologies
Characteristics Bluetooth Wi-Fi Gi-Fi
Specification Authority Bluetooth SIG IEEE, WECA NICTA
Development Start
date
1998 1990 2004
Primary device Mobile
phones, PDAs,
Consumer,
Electronics office
Industrial
Automation
Devices
Notebook,
Computers,
Desktop,
Computer
servers
Mobile
phones, Home
devices, PDAs,
Consumer,
Electronics office
Industrial
Automation
Devices
Power consumption 5mw 10mw < 2mw
Data transfer rate 800Kbps 11Mbps 5 Gbps
Range 10 meters 100 meters 10 meters
Frequency 2.4GHz 2.4GHz 57-64GHz

15. 10
5. BENEFITS OF GI-FI TECHNOLOGY
The most important benefits of the Gi-Fi technology are as follows:
Fig.5 –Evolution of Networks
5.1 Removing Cables
For many years cables ruled the world. Optical fibers played a dominant role for
its higher bit rates and faster transmission. But the installation of cables caused a greater
difficulty and thus led to wireless access. The standard’s original limitations for data
exchange rate and range and high cost of the infrastructures have not yet made it possible
for Wi-Fi to become a good replace for the cables. Gi-Fi technology Removes need for cables
to connect consumer electronics devices and all the devices can be connected in order to
transmit the data wirelessly.
5.2 Cost of Chip is low
Gi-Fi’s chip uses only a tiny one-millimeter-wide antenna and less than 2mili watts of
power. Low-cost chip allows technology to be readily incorporated into multiple

16. 11
devices. The chip in Gi-fi would likely cost less to build . Then a small design would allow
cell phones and other small devices to add the technology without significantly drive up the
price. Gi-Fi is based on an open, international standard. Mass adoption of the standard, and
the use of low-cost, mass-produced chipsets, will drive costs down dramatically, which is
very less in compare to present technologies.
5.3 Privacy and Security
Encryption technology in Gi-Fi ensures privacy and security of content. About 70 per
cent of firms have deployed their WLAN in a secure firewall zone but are still using the old
WEP protocol, which does not protect the application layer effectively, so better encryption
is urgently needed.
5.4 Flexibility
One of the problems with wire connections and cables is complexity for connecting,
but in the Gigabit wireless technology simplicity is one of the features. Simple connection
improves the consumer experience. The benefits related to the Gi-fi technology that can
be achieved by the deployment and use of this technology.

17. 12
6. APPLICATIONS
There are many usage scenarios that can be addressed by Gi-Fi. The following are some
mobility usage applications of Gi-Fi.
7.1 Different Applications
7.1.1 House Hold Appliances:
Fig.6 – Household Aplications
Consumers could typically download a high definition movie from a kiosk in a matter
of seconds to music player or smart phone and having got home could play it on a home
theatre system or store it on a home server for future viewing, again within a few seconds,
high speed internet access, streaming content download (video on demand, HDTV, home
theater, etc.), real time streaming and wireless data bus for cable replacement. It makes the
WIRELESS HOME AND OFFICE OF THE FUTURE.

18. 13
7.1.2 Office Appliances:
Fig.7 – Office Appliances
As it transfers data at high speeds which made work very easy, it also provides high
quality of information from internet.
7.1.3 Video information transfer:
By using present technologies video swapping takes hours of time, whereas by this we
can transfer at a speed of Gbps.
Fig.8 – Information Transfer
Data transfer rate is same for transfer of information from a PC to a cell or a cell to a
PC. It can enable wireless monitors, the efficient transfer of data from digital camcorders,
wireless printing of digital pictures from a camera without the need for an intervening
personal computer and the transfer of files among cell phone handsets and other handheld
devices like personal digital audio and video players.

19. 14
7.1.4 Inter-vehicle communication system:
Fig.9 - Inter-vehicle communication system
7.1.5 Media access control (MAC) and imaging and others:
Fig.10 - MAC and imaging and others

20. 15
7.2 Future Considerations:
As the range is limited to shorter distances only we can expect the broad band with
same speed and low power consumption.
7.3 Technology Considerations:
The Gi-Fi integrated transceiver chip is may be launched by starting of next year by
NICTA, Australia will be first. Due to less cost of chip so many companies are forward to
launch with lower cost. The potential of mw-WPAN for ultra-fast data exchange has
prompted companies like Intel, LG, Matsushita (Panasonic), NEC, Samsung, Si-BEAM,
Sony and Toshiba to form Wireless HD, an industry-led effort to define a specification for the
next generation consumer electronics products. Specifically, Wireless HD has a stated goal of
enabling wireless connectivity for streaming high-definition content between source devices
and high-definition displays.

21. 16
6. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
6.1 Advantages
∑ High Security.
∑ As the IEEE 802.15.3C provides more security.
∑ it provides link level and service level security.
∑ Cost-effective:
∑ Which is very less cost as compare to present systems?
∑ As go on development the price will be decreased.
6.2 Disadvantages
∑ The main disadvantages of the Gi-Fi is the it is work in short distance only and
it is not work in long distance

22. 17
7. CONCLUSION
Within five years, we expect Gi-Fi to be the dominant technology for wireless
networking. By that time it will be fully mobile, as well as providing low-cost, high
broadband access, with very high speed large files swapped within seconds which
will develop wireless home and office of future. If the success of Wi-Fi and the imminent
wide usage of Wi-Max is any indication, Gi-Fi potentially can bring wireless broadband to
the enterprise in an entirely new way.

23. 18
8. REFERENCES
(1) www.wikipedia.org
(2) www.ieee.org
(3) www.yuvaengineers.com
(4) www.seminarprojects.com
(5) www.sensable.com
(6) www.technologyreview.com