Educational Purposes

1. THE RELATIONSHIP OF
EDUCATION IN SCIENCE
TECHNOLOGY AND
INNOVATION

2. The science and technology park
According to UNESCO and International Association of
Science Parks (IASP) A science park is an organization
managed by specialized professionals, whose main aim is to
increase the wealth of its community by promoting the
culture of innovation and the competitiveness of its
associated businesses and knowledge-based institutions.
To enable these goals to be met, a science park stimulates and manages the flow of knowledge and
technology amongst universities, R&D institutions, companies and markets; it facilitates the creation
and growth of innovation-based companies through incubation and spin-off processes; and provides
other value-added services together with high quality space and facilities. IASP’s definition also goes
on to say that the expression “science park” may be replaced in this definition by the expressions
“technology park”, “technopole” or “research park”.

3. According to the United Kingdom Science Park Association (UKSPA), a science park is a business
support and technology transfer initiative that:
 Encourages and supports the start-up and incubation of innovation-led, high-growth, knowledge-
based businesses.
 Provides an environment where larger and international businesses can develop specific and
close interactions with a particular center of knowledge creation for their mutual benefit.
 Has formal and operational links with centers of knowledge creation such as universities, higher
education institutes and research organizations.

4. The American Association of University Research Parks defines research parks as property-based ventures, yet its
definition is more explicit about a number of features of its parks, and includes the following elements:
 They are master planned property and buildings designed primarily for private/public research and development
facilities, high technology and science based companies, and support services.
There is:
 A contractual, formal or operational relationship with one or more science/research institutions of higher
education.
 A role in promoting the university's research and development through industry partnerships, assisting in the growth
of new ventures and promoting economic development.
 A role in aiding the transfer of technology and business skills between university and industry teams.
 A role in promoting technology-led economic development for the community or region.
 The term "science and technology park" encompasses any kind of high-tech cluster such as: technopolis, science
park, science city, cyber park, hi tech (industrial) park, innovation center, R&D park, university research park,
research and technology park, science and technology park, science city, science town, technology park, technology
incubator, technology park, technopark, technopole and technology business incubator. However, it is worth noting
that there are slight differences between some of these terms. For example, experience suggests that there is
difference between a technology business incubator, science park or research park, science city, technopolis and
regional innovation system.

5. Principle and Practice
 A science and technology park refers to a property-based initiative with an
organizational entity, which is established to assist the growth of knowledge-
based firms normally resident on site and knowledge-intensive activities. Its
major objective is to stimulate innovation and generate economic benefits via
assisting knowledge-based firms and knowledge-intensive activities.
 A science and technology park supports its tenants by the provision of
property services together with physical infrastructure, services and business
environment.

6. Physical infrastructure.
 Physical infrastructure is a very important element for a science and technology
park. Originally, the term "science park" had a very limited definition, focusing on
the real estate aspect of the park concept, in which universities typically leased
real estate, office space or research facilities to businesses.
 Sometimes these arrangements are referred to as "industrial estates" or "firm
hotels." The term has evolved to include a much broader range of functions,
research and development, entrepreneurship development, business incubation
and technology transfer. However, the high-tech cluster provides its tenants with
basic infrastructure such as building, electricity, telephone, conference rooms,
laboratory, etc.
 It was reported by Sanz (2002) that 15% of high-tech clusters now have a
residential element - a phenomenon that has increased significantly in the last five
years. Often these residences have features specially designed for "knowledge
workers", and can be used as offices as well as homes

7. Education and Research.
 It is globally acknowledged that physical proximity between a high-tech
cluster and a university or a research centre improves cooperation between
the two parties. IASP (Sanz, 2002) reported that a significant number (44%) of
high-tech clusters in the world are situated within university campuses or on
land belonging to a university.
 The university or research centre presence results in a quality workforce that
is engaged in cross learning via proximity to others with similar interests,
which is critical to any research and development activity.

8.  Location can be a significant factor in a high-tech cluster's success. Given the global nature of
business today, another important component of a science park is proximity to transportation
infrastructure, particularly airports and highways.
 Public transportation and rail networks can also be important. Saxenian (1994) pointed out that
one cause of decline of attractiveness of Route 128 is traffic jam.
 Globally, most high-tech clusters (75%) are situated within cities. Although a significant number
(25%) are located outside cities, those locations are not far from the nearest cities. The non-
urban high-tech clusters usually focus on agro-food and crop technologies.

9. Research and Development.
 Seventy six percent of high-tech clusters have research or technology
institutes or centres that mostly deal with applied research and technology
and work in very close co-operation with industry. Tenants acquire new
technologies from their own research or through the work of these
educational and research institutions.
 In the second case, the science park facilitates the transfer of technology
from university or research centre to knowledge based companies. Technology
transfer addresses the assessment, adoption and implementation of
technology. Venturing facilitates the 'pull through' of appropriate R&D from
the laboratory to the marketplace by providing practical assistance in
accessing financial resources (seed and venture capital) and expertise in the
preparation of commercially viable business plans.

10. Business incubation
 IASP’s survey conducted in 2002 (Sanz, 2002) reported that there is a strong
relationship between high-tech clusters and business incubation. Of the more than
88% of high-tech clusters that have business incubation activities, 23% have at
least one business incubator (BI) with its own management team and 52% have a BI
that they manage themselves. In 13% of the cases, the science park is basically a
big BI that has added some facilities and services to serve the post-incubation
stage.
 Only 12% of clusters have no business incubation activity. A business incubator is a
tool designed to accelerate the growth and success of entrepreneurial companies
in a high-tech cluster. It catalyses the process of starting and growing companies
by helping them to survive and grow during the start up period.
 The incubator provides entrepreneurs with the expertise, management assistance,
access to financing (venture capital), networks and tools they need to make their
ventures successful. It also offers entrepreneurial firms shared office services,
access to equipment, flexible leases and expandable space all under one roof. A
business incubator's main goal is to produce successful firms that will leave the
program financially viable and free standing, usually in two to three years.

11. Environment.
 A science and technology park is a combination of R&D, knowledge-based
economic activities and pleasant surroundings. The ambience of a technology
park might include picturesque scenes of mountains, beaches or gardens and
stimulating cultural activities in the surrounding area that entertain a well
educated workforce.
 Environment quality is an important element that can improve the image of a
science and technology park. According to the study conducted by IASP (Sanz,
2002), the size of designated green areas (all areas destined for trees,
vegetation, garden, etc.) varied from 20 to 49 ha for the smaller clusters to
60 to100 ha for the big clusters.

12. The Science and Technology Park in the
Philippines
The National Science Complex and Technology Incubation Park is created through an Executive Order No.
583, s. 2006 that established in a 21.9 hectare area of the southern sector of the University of the
Philippines, Diliman, which shall be composed of the following Member Institutes:
 National Institute of Geological Sciences (NIGS)
 Marine Science Institute (MSI)
 National Institute of Physics (NIP)
 National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (NIMBB)
 Institute of Biology (IB)
 Institute of Chemistry (IC)
 Institute of Environmental Science and Meteorology (IESM)
 Department of Mathematics (DM)
 Natural Science Research Institute (NSRI)

13. U.P. Ayala Land Technohub
 Found in Quezon City, about 15 kilometers north of Makati City, UP-Ayala Land
Technohub is at the center of a thriving campus development with all the
support facilities and amenities required by technological and scientific firms.
Developed in collaboration with the country’s premier academic institution,
the University of the Philippines, our innovative low-density complex is PEZA-
registered and ideal for Business Process Outsourcing firms, with our office
spaces offered for rent.
 A pioneering collaboration between industry and the academe, the Technohub
is envisioned as an integrated community of science-and- technology
companies creating a dynamic learning and entrepreneurial laboratory at the
very home of young and brilliant minds. Beside our office buildings is a 3-
hectare central park with a man-made lagoon, retail areas, campus
apartments and a business hotel. A Tech Portal and Retail Plaza are also
centrally located within the Technohub.

15.  PEZA said it has initially tapped the Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges
(PASUC) and the University of the Philippines to provide pilot areas – mostly idle lands – within
their campuses that can be developed as model KIST parks.
 Given the schools’ steady supply of talents, quality of educational infrastructure, and strong
scientific-technological culture, PEZA hopes to add more value to the country’s higher education
institutions through the KIST parks.
 In a recent consultation meeting with PASUC and UP, PEZA director general Charito Plaza said
she has challenged the schools’ top executives to venture into ecozone development to be able
to attract scientists and venture capitalists into innovation and technology as well as to promote
the establishment of more knowledge process outsourcing hubs and research and development
centers.

16. GUIDE QUESTIONS
 Post your answers in the comments section of this module, make a
collaborative discussion among your classmates.
1. What are the significance of the STP in the community?
1.1 Environment
1.2 Employment
1.3 Education
1.4 Economy
1.5 Entertainment
2. What are the significance of the STI’s in our future ?
3. What are the role of Science and Technology presented by DOST United
Nations?

17. References
 http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/science-
technology/university-industry-partnerships/science-and-technology-park-
governance/principle-and-practice/
 http://www.philstar.com/business/2018/03/18/1797773/more-information-
technology-parks-rise-school-campuses
 https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2006/12/08/executive-order-no-583-s-
2006/
 Executive Order No. 583, s. 2006
 https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/lisdata/3411230929!.pdf