COMIT / Fiatech Conference 2014, The Crystal, London Efficiency Through Digital Projects Heba Bevan from Cambridge University and founder of Utterberry. New wireless sensors with dynamic capabilities

1. Sensor networks
Heba Bevan
Cambridge University and founder of Utterberry

3. Background
- Electronics and Computer engineer (Honours)
- Student engineer at ARM Cambridge, 2002
- Trace and Targeting Group
- CPU engineer at ARM Cambridge, 2005
 Cortex CPU Family
- Technical Consultant engineer at ARM California, USA, 2006
- Research Programmer/ Scientist, Rice University, Texas, USA, 2009
- $16 Million PACE Project architecture aware compiler environment, with active participants at ET International,
Texas Instruments, Stanford and Ohio State
- 2011 Cambridge (PhD research), Jesus College
- 2013 UtterBerry Ltd spin out of CSIC
- 2014 Future Railway investment

4. VICTORIA
LINE
3.81m
TYPICAL
TUBE
TUNNEL
c3.6m
JUBILEE LINE
EXTENSION
4.35m
CROSSRAIL PLATFORM TUNNEL
9.6m
Civil Engineering
C&SLR
3.2m
CROSSRAIL
6.2m
CHANNEL TUNNEL RAIL LINK
7.15m
TOWER
SUBWAY
2.1m

5. Electronics Engineering

6. Moore’s Law

7. Cambridge University WSN Developments – Moore’s Law
2009
2011
2013

8. WSN node components
Sensors
Processor
Radio
P
O
W
E
R
Storage
Limited Data Processing
Limited
Memor
y
Low Power
Sensor
System parameters Power
1. Sensing
2. Processing
3. Transmission
Processing type
Activation rate
Duty cycle design
Abstraction level
Synchronisation
Performance
Lifetime
Bit rate delay
Low Power.
Low data rate.
Limited range

9. Sketch, design, product

10. Power Consumption State Space
1-
6. SEND ALERT/
DESCRIPTOR
5. PROCESS
Data
From other nodes
From sink/ gateway
3. SENSOR
READING
1. SLEEP 2. LISTEN
4. COMPRESS/
TRANSMIT

11. Cast Iron Lined Tunnel - London

12. Environmental Conditions of The Trial Section
Internal Dia : 7 – 9ft
Length: Approx 6.5 miles (8 st)
Average Depth bgl: 21m
Completed: 1917
Suspended: 2003
Cost: £250,000 + £500,000

13. Introduction

14. Introduction

15. Introduction

16. Challenges

17. Environmental Conditions of The Trial Section
• No cracks or evidence of other type of ring or segment
failure
• Many of the bolts are rusted or missing
• Water leakage
• Stalactite growth
• Some rusting seen in the joints
• Longitudinal lines of missing bolts and occasional intervals.
• Temperature and Humidity are relatively stable

18. Environmental Conditions of The Trial Section
staining stalactite
growth and
rusting are seen
in the joints

19. Network
• IPv6 network protocol
• Adaptive sampling rate
• 56 Wireless Sensor (displacement, tilt, noise, Temperature, Humidity
and acceleration)

20. Signal Strength
• The signal can reach up to 100m
without external antenna.
• The signal can bend
> 90 m
Base
Station
Sensor

21. Expected Tunnel Movements
(a)
(b)
(a)

22. Tunnel After Installation

23. Forth Road bridge- Scotland

24. Environmental Conditions
• The data of the
trial 22nd of
August
• Very foggy
• Mild temperature

25. Environmental Conditions of The Trial Section
• Rusted panels

26. Environmental Conditions of The Trial Section
• Wind speed 20m/h max
• Traffic and temperature
Wind Speed (m/h)
Time of the trial from 12 h-
17h
Thursday 22nd of
August
Traffic Flow
Time (hrs) 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700
Northbound
(Total Traffic)
1970 2003 2128 2297 2580 3088
Air Temperature
Time (hrs) 1536 1538 1541 1543 1546 1548
Temp. (°C) 15 14.8 15 15 15 15
Time (hrs) 1636 1640 1642 1645 1647 1649
Temp. (°C) 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4
Time (hrs) 1737 1739 1742 1744 1747 1749
Temp. (°C) 15.8 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6

27. Network
• IPv6 network protocol
• Mesh and Star Network
• 200MHz sampling rate
• Wireless Sensors (tilt, Temperature, Humidity and acceleration)

28. Signal Strength
• The signal can reach up to 130m without
external antenna outside
Base
Station
> 120
m
Sensor

29. Data

30. Partially-sealed Crossrail C360 Eleanor Street Adits
monitored using UtterBerry Wireless sensors

31. UtterBerry sensors can be placed in position using nothing more than 5 meters staff

32. UtterBerry Sensors arrangement in rings
Installation at Eleanor Street
1
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
2
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
3
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
4
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
5
displacement,
acceleration,
tilt,
temperature
and humidity

33. Plan View: Eleanor Street Shaft and Adits: Costain
Skanska JV

34. Plan View: 08th April filling the shaft with
foam concrete
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millimetres
VA6
VA6‐5‐X
VA6‐5‐Y
VA6‐5‐Z
VA6‐4‐X
VA6‐4‐Y
VA6‐4‐Z
VA6‐3‐X
VA6‐3‐Y
VA6‐3‐Z
VA6‐2‐X
VA6‐2‐Y
VA6‐2‐Z
VA6 VA6‐1 1‐X
VA6‐1‐Y
VA6 VA6‐1‐1 Z

35. Plan View: July 2014 running tunnel
access
Access
‐3
‐2
‐1
0
1
2
3
08/04/2014 00:30
10/04/2014 00:30
12/04/2014 00:30
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millimetres
VA4
VA4‐5‐X
VA4‐5‐Y
VA4‐5‐Z
VA4‐4‐X
VA4‐4‐Y
VA4‐4‐Z
VA4‐3‐X
VA4‐3‐Y
VA4‐3Z
VA4‐2‐X
VA4‐2‐Y
VA4‐2‐Z
VA4‐1‐X
VA4‐1‐Y
VA4‐1‐Z

36. Plan View: 22nd July Shaft excavation

37. A snap shot of multiaxial monitoring of a London tunnel under construction with UtterBerry wireless
sensors.

38. Movement in the VE2

39. Prediction of water building up in tunnel

40. Water in the tunnel – VE2 section
The tunnel after
De-watering

41. TBM- Passing Settlement
De-watering

42. UtterBerry Sensors VE1 and VE2
1
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
2
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
3
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
4
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
5
displacement,
acceleration,
tilt,
temperature
and humidity

43. VE1 and VE2 movements
1
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
2
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
3
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
4
displacement,
acceleration
and tilt
5
displacement,
acceleration,
tilt,
temperature
and humidity

44. Size
Size of
two £1
coin
UtterBer
ry
Low
Power
Measure
ment
Easy to
install
System
Predictiv
e,
Alarm
Sensor
Commun
ication
Output

45. Conclusion
• WSN network reliably transmits data (at 98.96% success rate)
• Remote access (office 99Km away using PC, Mac, Iphone ect.)
• Internal processing of data before transmit
• Long term deployment
• Zero WSN node failures
• Safe, no wires, no intervention, no people in the site.

46. Small size
and low
power
Designed and
Manufactured Great
Britain
Power by
32-bit
CPU
Accelerometer
Angle
18.627°
X = 0.04
Y= 0.02
Z= -0.96
Temperature
22.573°
Humidity
76%