Formal rules, informal timber extraction, Central Africa and China
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Paolo Cerutti, senior scientist on CIFOR's Forests and Governance research program, highlights the relationship between formal institutions regulating timber extraction and the informal institutions and practices on the ground in Central Africa. Cerutti calls for the need to move away from generalized assumptions of Chinese involvement in the region to acknowledge nuances and individual trends on the ground.
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Formal rules, informal timber extraction, Central Africa and China
- 1. THINKING beyond the canopy THINKING beyond the canopy Formal rules, informal timber extraction, Central Africa and China Greening China-Africa Cooperation, Beijing, 8th June 2013 Paolo Omar CERUTTI
- 2. THINKING beyond the canopy The map is not the territory
- 3. THINKING beyond the canopy The W.E.I.R.D. effect http://www.foreignpolicy.com China&…&imports&.mber&and&exports& ecological&impact&(Mayer&et&al.&2005)& & China’s&.mber&prac.ces&abroad&are&a&threat& to&sustainability&and&human&livelihoods&(Sun& et&al.&2004;&Smouts&2003)& & There&is&a&culture&of&secrecy&around&Chinese& companies&and&their&prospec.ng&ac.vi.es& (Smouts&2003;&Glastra&1999)& The&real&resource&sink&is&the&US,&Europe,& and&Japan&(White&et&al.&2006)& & China&gives&fewer&lectures&and&more& prac.cal&help&(in&Africa)&(Jeffrey&Sachs&in& NYT,&8/18/06)& & China’s&involvement&in&Africa&lacks& perspec.ve&in&broadsheet&press& (Mawdsley&2008)&
- 4. THINKING beyond the canopy Central Africa: the map • Forest management units • Council forests • Community forests • Authorisations • Customary permits Area/Volume harvested Investments People employed ...
- 5. THINKING beyond the canopy Central Africa: the territory Outcomes) Effec,ve)formal) ins,tu,ons) Ineffec,ve)formal) ins,tu,ons) Convergent) Complementary& Subs.tu.ve& Divergent) Accommoda.ng& Compe.ng& Helmke and Levitsky 2004
- 6. THINKING beyond the canopy Our findings: the map Timber exports to Asia (90% China) over total exports
- 7. THINKING beyond the canopy Our findings: the territory Cerutti et al. 2011
- 8. THINKING beyond the canopy Timber: the map http://www.wri.org
- 9. THINKING beyond the canopy Timber: the territory WWF-CED-RELUFA 2012
- 10. THINKING beyond the canopy Timber production: the map “Informal” timber production Cerutti and Tacconi 2008
- 11. THINKING beyond the canopy [Percent of national sawnwood production, m3] Source: State of the Forest 2010, chapter 4 (www.observatoire-comifac.net) Timber production: the territory
- 12. THINKING beyond the canopyTHINKING beyond the canopy
- 13. THINKING beyond the canopy
- 14. THINKING beyond the canopyTHINKING beyond the canopy
- 15. THINKING beyond the canopyTHINKING beyond the canopy
- 16. THINKING beyond the canopyTHINKING beyond the canopy
- 17. THINKING beyond the canopyTHINKING beyond the canopy
- 18. THINKING beyond the canopy The State: the map
- 19. THINKING beyond the canopy The State: the territory
- 20. THINKING beyond the canopy Recent trends: map or territory?
- 21. THINKING beyond the canopy What about China in all this? • There exist “things” that make China different from other countries – But “who” is China? • “Old” players have shaped the territory, “new” players challenge “model” behavioural norms (often wrongly) taken for granted • Before changing the “rules of the game”, new players need to learn current rules – “Fill the gaps” = easiest initial strategy?
- 22. THINKING beyond the canopy THINKING beyond the canopy The Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) is one of the 15 centres supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Grazie www.cifor.org/pro-formal p.cerutti@cgiar.org