2. Although friendship is something that most people enjoy,
friendships are not all the same. Some friendships are forged
from a long-term familiarity with one another, and other
friendships can spring up just by spending one fun evening
together. Not all friendships result in daily or even weekly time
spent together; long-term friendships can be kept afloat using
communication tools like the Internet and telephone, while other
friendships result in sporadic get-togethers sometimes months
or even years apart. People seek different things in friendship,
meaning certain friendships result around trips to a diner or
video games while other friendships may occur due to a work
relationship or general common interests.
3. Food poisoning is a disorder of the stomach and intestines
caused by bacteria or chemicals in foods. The classic form of
food poisoning is caused by staphylococci (bacteria commonly
known as staph). The staph germs enter the food during
preparation. As a result of the food not properly refrigerated the
bacteria multiply hourly, contaminating the food with toxin
(poison). As staph germs and their toxins are odorless and
tasteless, the contaminated food smells and tastes normal. Eating
contaminated food causes vomiting, abdominal cramps and
diarrhea within one to six hours. Thus, food poisoning is
frequently caused by staphylococci, which contaminate food
during food preparation and enter the stomach and intestines
during eating.
4. There are essentially three types of parents. The first type of
parent acts like a consultant who provides loving and logical guidance
for his /her child. In addition, the consulting parent shares feelings
about responsibilities and helps the child explore alternatives in order
to make his/her own decisions. This allows the child to explore
solutions and learn from them. The second type of parent is called the
helicopter because this parent hovers over the child constantly. The
helicopter parent tries to protect the child by making all decisions,
implying that the child is not capable of handling any responsibility.
Moreover, this parent assumes the child always needs rescuing from a
hostile world. The last type of parent is the drill sergeant who
commands and directs the life of the child. This parent makes a lot of
demands and tells the child how s/he should handle responsibility. To
do this, this parent sometimes makes threats and uses punishment as
the teaching method.
5. First, clean the clay by getting rid of the bits of sand and dirt
from it. Then, add or remove water from the clay if necessary.
If the clay is too wet, it will not hold a shape. And if it too dry,
it will not be flexible enough to mold. Next, begin to shape the
clay into something – with your bare hands or with tools. Roll
and push clay into shapes or pull off and stick back on
different places. After the clay has been molded, put it into a
kind of oven to be fired. Then, build a fire. As the fire slowly
gets hotter, water is baked out of the clay. Sooner or later, the
clay dries up and becomes hard with a new shape. Remove it
from the oven, and let it cool. Afterwards, you may paint it or
put some designs of your choice on it.
6. There are many different text types a person may
encounter in the course of a single day. They
might read a newspaper article in the morning,
then write a letter (or email) to a friend, follow a
recipe to make dinner, complete an application
form, and pick up a leaflet before finally
savouring a good novel at bedtime. While all of
these forms of text have the written word in
common, each has its own unique features and
conventions.
7. Generally speaking, discussion texts will begin by
providing background information on the issue
before introducing the central area or areas of
contention. At this point, the text will then begin
to explore the various arguments for and against
with an examination of the supporting evidence.
The conclusion will summarise both sides of the
argument before giving a recommendation based
on the writer’s evaluation of those arguments.
8. A tsunami is a fast-moving giant wave traveling
towards a coastline which can destroy structures and objects
along its way. It sometimes happens during a very strong
earthquake located out in the sea. Depending on its size, the
height of a tsunami may be as tall as an average person or as
high as an electric post. No one really knows how big it can
grow. A tsunami may also take place during powerful
storms such as super typhoons. As strong storms
approach, they may push waves to form a tsunami. Because of
the destructive power of a tsunami, people must be alert and
ready for them.
9. What does it take to be able to sing well? Singing
is clearly something that everyone can do, but
singing well is something that may only be
possible for a few people. In order to be able to
sing well, one must consider the following: good
sense of hearing, beautiful voice, time to practice,
good enunciation, and correct emotion. If one
element is missing, good singing will remain
difficult.
10. It is already seven o’clock in the evening. You
have been waiting for your father to arrive.
You are excited to tell your father about your
baked cookies—of course with the help of your
mother. Then, suddenly the doorknob creaks and
you hurriedly run to the door. After telling him
how you’ve made them, he then tastes them, and
you are happy just with his facial expression.
“You are very good at baking. Now, I am happy
to see that you’re learning new things.”
