Animal Cell Dbq

Animal Cell Dbq
For a plant cell, the nucleus, without a doubt, is the most important organelle; but in the animal cell, the most vital structure is the mitochondria. First
of all, the most important structure in the animal cell is the mitochondria. The mitochondria is the vital because it provides energy for the cell (Doc. 2).
For example, without the mitochondria, organelles would function slowly because the cell has no energy (OI). In Document 3, it states "Breaking down
the food and releasing' energy" (Doc. 3). "The mitochondria are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down,
and creates energy rich molecules for the cell" (OI). According to Ms. Quitmeyer, the mitochondria is crucial to the animal cell, and
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Plant And Animal Cells Essay
Plant and Animal Cells
I. Introduction
All organisms in life are composed of at least one or more
cells. Cells are the basic units of life. There are three main
features of a cell. First, all organisms consist of one or more
cells. Second, cells are the smallest units of life and third,
cells arise only from preexisting cells. These three facts are
referred to as the cell theory.
All cells can be categorized into two basic cell types.
They are prokaryotic and eukaryotic. To distinguish where cells
are placed in the two categories, what is inside the cell must
first be looked at. Every cell, either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
all contain basic cell parts. They are: a plasma membrane,

cytoplasm,...show more content...
To complete this we had to make wet–mount slides and
observe them under a light microscope. To prepare a wet–mount
slide you must first obtain your specimen you are going to look
at. You then put the specimen on a clean glass slide in the
middle. Next, you take a medicine dropper and place one drop of
water on the specimen. After that, you hold a clean coverslip
and place the bottom edge of the coverslip in the drop of water.
Next, slowly lower the rest of the coverslip so that there are no
air bubbles, onto the remaining part of the specimen. By putting
specimens into wet–mount slides it saves a lot of time and energy
instead of putting them into set slides. Also, a wet–mount slide
can be cleaned and re–used.
We put onion cells, cheek cells, and Elodeo cells into wet–
mount slides. After we made slides for each one we observe them
under the microscope. For some of the cells, we had to apply a
dye to have make the cell more visible under the microscope.
Methylene blue was applied to the cheek cells and iodine to the

onion cells. To see the cheek cells, we had to reduce the amount
of light coming into the microscope. We had to do this because
when we reduced the amount of light, we could see the cells more
clear. Elodeo cells were observed as a wet–mount slide and also
with salt water. To apply a die to a previously made wet–mount
slide, an edge of the coverslip

Animal cells are very complex and organized eukaryotic organisms. Each and every one of their organelles contain a specific form and function. Ever
wondered how an animal cell works? Well, there are countless things in this world that functions the same way. For example, a hospital! All cells have
a cellular membrane, which is a thin layer of fat that encloses the cell. A cell membrane is a protective barrier that indicates what goes in and out of it.
In a hospital this would be the security guards and doors because the doors are basic entries into a building and security guards determines who and
what should be allowed in. All cells also have a cytoplasm which is the jelly–like fluid that fills up a cell and allows the organelles to move

Animal Cell Structure
Animal cells are a type of eukaryotic cell with a nucleus, membrane–bound organelles, with no cell wall. Here is a summary of their structure and
function.
Prokaryotes are the primitive, simple cells of bacteria and their bacteria–like Archaea. Eukaryotes, which include the most advanced cells of animals,
plants, fungi, protozoan, algae, and slime & water molds.
Eukaryotic cells share many similar characteristics, including some of the following structures, which can be found in the cells of animals.
Glycocalyx: Some animal and protozoan cells have this outer layer anchored to the plasma membrane. Gycocalyces help animal cells stick to each
other and protect cells from dehydration. This layer is not present in eukaryotic cells that have...show more content...
Peroxisomes are required by any cell that uses respiration (oxygen to extract energy from food).
Golgi body: In addition to making lysosomes, this organelle coordinates the packaging and shipment of materials out of the cell. Mitochondria: These
double membrane–bound organelles are like tiny powerhouses of the cell, producing a nucleotide coenzyme that transports energy for use within the
cell.
Cytoplasm: The inside of the cell, between the nucleus and plasma membrane, is filled with a gel–like fluid in which the organelles are suspended. The
liquid portion of cytoplasm is called cytosol. Cytoskeleton: This network of fibers and tubules is present throughout the interior of the cell, providing
support, anchoring organelles, helping with intracellular transport and cell division.
Centrioles and centrosomes: Only present in animal cells and some fungal cells, a pair of centrioles is located near the nucleus, in a region called the
centrosome. These organelles are composed of microtubules, help build flagella and cilia and form mitotic spindles during cell division. An animal cell
undergoing mitosis and stained with

Unit 13, task 1.
P1 – Describe the microstructure of a typical animal cell and the functions of the main cell components. A typical animal cell is seen as a tiny, three
dimensional sac which is in fact made up of many components, each as important as the other. The microstructure of an animalcell was in fact
uncovered mainly through the use of both cell fractionation and electron microscopy. Each main component has its own, individual function which
helps a cell to function and maintains the cell membrane. The components that I will be describing include the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm,
mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi bodies, centrioles, endoplasmic reticulum (both smooth and rough) and ribosomes.
The cell membrane – The cell...show more content...
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER) – The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is very similar in terms of structure and chemically to the rough
endoplasmic reticulum with the exception of not being able to attach ribosomes like the rough ER can. The smooth ER has more than just one main
function and in simple terms these are control of calcium release within the muscle cells, breakdown of lipid soluble toxins in the liver and lipid
steroid hormone synthesis. It primarily makes and process fat within a typical animal cell. The structure of the smooth ER is usually said to be
tubular rather than sheet like and it may be separate from the rough ER or in some cases may in fact be an extension of it. The smooth ER is said to
be most common in cells that metabolise fat and it is a continuation of the outer nuclear membrane of a cell. It is made up of a vast network of
membrane which is usually covered in tubules and vesicles. Depending on the type of cells, the amount of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
that is present within it varies somewhat greatly. Endoplasmic means inside of the cytoplasm and the term reticulum means network. Rough
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) – The surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered in ribosomes which are

Compare And Contrast Plant Cells And Animal Cells
Anthony WuPlant cells are different than animal cells due to the fact that they need to go through photosynthesis. They are also similarly because they
both have a golgi bodies/apparatus. Another difference is that plants have a cell wall and animals don't. Another way their different is that they don't
have all the same cells. For instance animal cells have nucleolus,chromatin,vacuole, and lysosomes. While plant cells only have chloroplasts, cell wall,
and lytic vacuole. Another reason they are both similar is that they both almost have all the same cells like the rough and smooth er. The cells that they
both have are golgi bodies/apparatus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes,

Animal Cell Specialization
Without cells no living creature would be able to function: that is why cells are so important in our life. Cells help us maintain homeostasis and keep
our genetic code in the nucleus. They also make up our tissues which make organs and work together in organ systems. So without cells the human
race and the beautiful things on earth wouldn't exist. To perform functions in the body there iscell specialization to do certain tasks. Each cells is made
up of many different organelles to help the cells carry out these tasks. Every animal cell has a nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear envelope, cytoplasm,
chromosomes, lipid bilayer, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, many ribosomes, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuole,
cytoskeleton,...show more content...
To start out, the nucleolus make ribosome and then send them out to attach to the rough ER(endoplasmic reticulum). After it is at the ER it starts to
create protein to send to the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus make particles ready to be shipped across the body. At the smooth ER it has the
same functions as the rough ER except it makes lipids instead of protein. Next the mitochondria is the cell power factory that transfers something
not useful to the cell into energy. After that we check on the lysosome, it is the waste disposal of the cell and if necessary can kill the cell. Then we
see the brains of the cell, the nucleus. The nucleus hold the genetic info and carries out functions in the cell. Next is the cytoskeleton, this is a support
for the cell so it doesn't collapse on itself. After that is the cell membrane or the guards of the cell. The membrane can decide let things in or keep
them out. Another thing that sorrounds a cell could be the cell wall. The cell wall is found only in plants and it protects the cell in a hard shell. Another
organelle found only in plants is a chloroplast. A chloroplast converts energy from the sun into chemical energy. Then it is the centrioles, they are made
of microtubules and organize the assembly of more microtubules. Surrounding all of these organelles is cytoplasm: a liquid that fills a cell. That is
what happens within the various parts of the cells that permit it to perform the functions necessary for

Animal and Plants Cell Structures
Student Sheet
Name:
Date: June 18, 2015
Instructor's Name:
Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 2 Lab Report
Title: Animal and Plant Cell Structures
Instructions: Your lab report will consist of the completed tables. Label each structure of the plant and animalcell with its description and function in
the provided tables.
When your lab report is complete, submit this document to your instructor in your assignment box.
1. Animal cell: Observe the diagram that shows the components of an animal cell. Using the textbook and virtual library resources, fill in the following
table:
Animal Cell
Number
Cell Structure
Description and Function
1

Nuclear pore
Microscopic channels that allow certain material in and out of...show more content...
Questions to answer
a. List 3 organelles that are found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells.
1. Chloroplast__________
2. Cell Wall__________
3. Central Vacuole__________
b. Because plant cells have chloroplasts and can do photosynthesis, why do they also need mitochondria?
Plant cells need both chloroplasts and mitochondria because they both play a very important but different role for the plants. Plants needs chloroplasts
that can do photosynthesis to make glucose from light energy during the daylight. On the other hand plants need mitochondria because it breaks down
such macromolecules like carbohydrates or lipids into

Essay about Comparing Animal Cells to Plant Cells
Comparing Cells
Task: Write a comparison of animal and plant cells
While plant and animal cells appear to be different, they have some similar features.
Both kinds of cells contain a nucleus – which can also be known as the "brains" or the "control centre" of the cell. The nucleus of a cell contains most of
its genetic material and is responsible for controlling all of the cell's activities through gene expression.
Both plant and animal cells also have structures called chromosomes. They are located inside the nucleus. The chromosomes are the genetic material
responsible for the reproduction of cells.
Outside the nucleus of both plant and animal cells are structures called ribosomes. These are responsible for the production of protein...show more
content...
Although plants and animal cells share many similarities, there are some additional structures that plant cells have which animal cells don't.
The plant cell, for example, contains a cell wall. The cell wall is made up of cellulose and assists a plant cell to maintain its shape. The cell wall is
located outside the cell membrane of a plant cell and is also responsible for the prevention of the rupture of a cell when (excess) water enters it.
Cellulose is a substance which is found in the cell wall of a plant cell. Simply put, cellulose is cell sugar. Its main function is to support the plant – to
keep the plant rigid and prevent it from slopping over.
A further difference between plant and animal cells is that plant cells contain a nuclear membrane. This structure has a similar role to the cell
membrane. The nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus and controls what substances enter and leave it.
Plant cells also contain substances known as chloroplasts. These are the organelles inside the plant on which the process of photosynthesis is conducted.
Chlorophyll is located on chloroplasts and is the substance which traps the energy of the sun rays to utilize it during photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is
important for plants because they generate their own food. During this process, pants convert carbon dioxide and water with the presence of sunlight and

Comparing Two Types Of Animal Cells
I predicted that the unknown is a human cell because it has a rounder structure. Even Though the shape of the cell rigid and keeps it in a specific
shape. it is more likely to be a animal cell than plant cell because it doesn't have a cell wall. Since there's two different examples of plant cells than
there has to be two examples of animal

Animal Kingdom Essay
The Animal kingdom is made up of beings with Eukaryotic cells, meaning they have a fully formed nucleus and most of the common organelles of a
cell. They are also Multicellular, meaning they have more than one cell. These organisms are Heterotrophs, so they must find their own food, by eating
other organisms. They can't make their own food.The plant kingdom contains Multicellular beings with Eukaryotic cells. The plants are also autotrophs
meaning they make their own food (excepting the hydra which does eat other organisms). They use Photosynthesis to turn sunlight and nutrients into
food. They are green because the contain chlorophyll to help them create food.
Members of this kingdom are multicellular and unicellular along with being eukaryotic.

Animal Cells Essay
Animal cells are the 'cell factories for the production of complex biomolecules and antibodies for use as prophylactics, diagnostics or
therapeutics'.Culturing of immortalized animal cell, also called cell lines is generally performed under define temperature, humidity and carbon
dioxide flux in lab condition. Such in in–vitro culturing of animal cells may be performed under two different conditions viz. on solid surfaces
(anchorage dependent cells) or in suspension (non–anchorage dependent cells).The choice of bioreactors and surface to be used for large scale cell
culture is often decided on the basis of cell specific demands, engineering aspects and economic and regulatory considerations [Catapanoet al., 2009].
Generally, bioreactors...show more content...
To overcome such limitations, disposable bioreactors or single use bioreactors have emerged as the suitable replacement to conventional bioreactors
as they overcome the concern of cleaning.]. Apart from concerns like cleaning and sterilization validation, another major problem that may be
encountered with them is the disposal of single use bioreactor, as it may impose additional environmental risk/concern by polluting soil (landfills) or
air (incarnation) [14]. Previous reports suggested the limitations of synthetic polymers can be overcome by naturally derived and degradable
polymers [19]. Today, naturally derived biomaterials have been attracting scientist's interest all over the world. Vero cells were selected as a model
system in the current study. The choice of Vero cells is justified based on its acceptance by FDA for the production of all types of viral vaccines
(inactivated whole virus, split, subunit and live–attenuated) against a wide variety of viral diseases such as polio, rabies, smallpox and H5N1
pandemic influenza etc. [Warnock et al.,2005, Barrett et al., 2009]. It is fully characterized continuous robust cell line, can also grow in serum free
media, providing adequate titer and stable replication of viruses [Govorkova., 1996]. In addition, it is one of the anchorage dependent cells which
require the solid substrate to attach and grow [Nor YA et al., 2010]. Hence, it gives a

TASK 1
Aim
The aim of this experiment was to take a sample of animal and plant cells, view them under a microscope and document what was seen.
Introduction
The animal cells being used in this experiment were squamous epithelial cells obtained from the inside of the human cheek. In order to see these cells
they had to be stained with a biological stain. In this case, methylene blue was used as it binds to DNA, staining the cell nucleus a dark blue while
leaving the cytoplasm a pale blue/colourless allowing for easy differentiation. (Flinn Scientific, Inc, 2013) The plant cells in this experiment were
obtained from the epidermis of an onion. Similar to the cheek cells, the onion cells need a biological stain to be viewed under the light microscope
and for this iodine was used as it binds to the polysaccharides staining the nucleus a brown colour, while leaving the cytoplasm a yellow colour. (Nevel,
n.d.)
Hypothesis
It was expected that the staining of these cell samples will allow the size and shape of individual cells and possibly some organelles, to be viewed
under a light microscope and documented.
Apparatus
The apparatus used for experiment was: 2 Slides
2 Cover Slips
Methylene Blue
Iodine
Safety Glasses
Lab Coat
Light Microscope
Tongs
Heat Proof Mat
Wooden Splint
Scalpel
Forceps
Dropper

Bunsen Burner
Cell Samples
Water Bottle
Safety
Below are listed rules associated with the safety of this experiment.
1.The experiment was conducted

How Do Organelles Work Together
All the organelles have to work together. They all have a certain task to do and they carry that task on and on with every organelle. The cells have to
make and transport protein to the nucleus to create RNA. The animal cells need protein for the growth and damage with tissues. First, is starts with
chromosomes which contains information to make the protein. Since the DNA isn't allowed to leave the nucleus its copied onto a temporary carrier
called a messenger RNA. Next, the messenger RNA would transport to the cytosol. While in the cytosol and get help to transfer the protein to the
ribosomes docked onto the endoplasmic reticulum. The ribosomes has to use amino acids to build the protein. Lastly after the protein is built it goes
through the endoplasmic reticulum to have a few last finishing touches.

Compariosn of Animal Cells and Plant Cells Essay
All plants are made up of different plant cells. Plant cells are considered eukaryotic cells they have a nucleus. Inside a plant cell the DNA is located
inside the nucleus. The nucleus is basically a headquarters for a eukaryotic cell. It also stores the genetic information for a cell. Organelles are also
located inside plant cells. They have important jobs inside the cell they produce energy for the plant cell and they also produce enzymes and hormone.
A plant cell has a cell wall which surrounds the plasma membrane. A cell wall is made up of lignin and cellulose they are very tough and rough
compounds. Lignin and cellulose for example is what makes a tree grow very tall. A cell wall gives a plant structure or it's roots, stems ,and...show more
content...
There are two different endoplasmic reticulums which are rough endoplasmic reticulums and smooth endoplasmic reticulums. The rough endoplasmic
reticulum looks bumpy because it has ribosomes attached to it. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has enzymes that help create important lipids.
Some enzymes in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum help in detoxing cells. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum also stores ions that cells might need
later on. Also located in a animal cell are ribosomes. The Ribosomes task is to assemble amino acids into polypeptides, It creates an amino acid chain
that is put into the endoplasmic reticulum when the chain is complete it is sent into the golgi apparatus. The golgi apparatus is where proteins are
packed processed and then sends them out. The golgi apparatus has layers called golgi bodies.
Golgi bodies cut up proteins into hormones and they also combine proteins with carbohydrates to make molecules. The golgi bodies put the finishing
touches on the lysosomes. Lysosomes are organelles that have enzyme sacks that break down the cell's waste and turns them into other compounds. An
important part of an animal cell is the nucleus. The nucleus in a animal cell stores the cells DNA and all the information the cell needs. It also holds
the chromatin that produces chromosomes.
The nucleus is located inside the nucleus. It's job is to make rRNA then it sends mRNA to the ribosomes. Finally, the animal cell has a mitochondria
that is where

Organelles In Animal Cells Essay
Organelles are the internal structures of the cell that are important for the cell to survive. Each organelle has a specific function for the cell. The types
of organelles in the cell can be different from each other depending on the type of cell. Plant cells and animal cells both have a cytoskeleton,
endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough), golgi apparatus, mitochondrion, nucleus, plasma membrane, and ribosomes. Animal and plant cells also
have vacuoles, but they are rarely found in animal cells. Vacuoles in animal cells are very small compared to the vacuoles in plant cells. Lysosomes
are also rarely found in plant cells but mostly found in animal cells. The cytoplasm is a semifluid in the plasma membrane. It is in all eukaryotic cells.
In prokaryotes, this is where the chemical processes of the cell take place. In eukaryotic cells, this is where organelles perform their functions.
Cellular respiration also takes place here. One of stages of cellular respiration is glycolysis. Glycolysis is when glucose breaks down to form two
pyruvates and 4 ATP. Its net result of 2 ATP is important for another process called the Krebs Cycle. This process is important because it begins
cellular respiration. The cytoplasm also gives the cell its shape; without it, the cell would be "deflated" and substances would not be able to move
throughout the cell. Organelles would have difficulty functioning too. It has been misunderstood that organelles float freely in the cytoplasm even

My Organelle Research Paper
If I could develop my own organelle to put inside a eukaryotic animal cell, the organelle would fight cancer. This organelle would be surrounded by
lipid bilayer to keep its own strong chemicals inside. The chemicals would kill the cancer, eventually being processed out by the body as

Animal Cell Vs Human Body
The Animal Cell VS. The Human Body
Introduction: The animal cell can be compared to the human body in various ways and functions. Most or all parts of the animal can be matched to
parts of the human body that have very similar functions and jobs when looking at the whole picture. Like an animal cell, each part of the human body
has a specific job that helps regulate the entire operation. Some parts are more important or have a bigger job than others. For example, the brain is
much more important to the entire system than the teeth are. Or in the sense of an animal cell, the nucleus has a much bigger job than the lysosomes.
Cell membrane: The cell membrane surrounds the cell and controls what goes in and out of the cell. This is a lot like skin protects and holds the body
together. And much like the...show more content...
This is compared to blood cells that also can be found throughout the human body and contribute to the health of many, if not all, organs.
Cytoskeleton: The job of the cytoskeleton in an animal cell is to give the cell shape and structure, hold the organelles in place and direct their
movement. This sounds very familiar to the job of bones and muscles which also give the human body shape and structure and hold the organs in place.
Lysosomes: Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down and digest large molecules into smaller molecules. To me this sounds like the function of the
stomach, which also digests large materials into smaller materials to send into the body as nutrients and proteins. The stomach and lysosomes also
share an acidic environment for the material to be digested in.
Endoplasmic reticulum: The function of the ER is to carry material and nutrients through the cell from part to part. Which is also the function of the
intestines. They both carry necessary materials through the body or cell. And as well as the function, they also take on a very similar

4.19 The extracellular matrix of animal cells function in support and regulation
Most cells synthesize and secrete materials that remain outside the plasma membrane
Animal cells produce elaborate extracellular matrix (ECM)
This layer holds cells together in tissues and protects and supports the plasma membrane
Main components of ECM are, glycoproteins, proteins bonded with cars
The most abundant glycoprotein is collagen, which forms strong fibers outside the cell
ECM many attach to the cell through other glycoproteins that then bind to membrane proteins called integrins
Integrins span the membrane attaching on the other side to proteins connected to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
Integrins transmit signals between ECM and the cytoskeleton...show more content...
4.22 Review: Eukaryotic cell structure can be grouped on the basis of four main functions
First category: genetic control – nucleus that houses genetic instructions and ribosomes that produce proteins coded for in those instructions
Second category: organelles of the endomembrane system that are involved in manufacturing, distribution, and breakdown of materials
Third category: two energy processing organelles (mitochondria & chloroplasts)
Fourth category: structural support, movement, and intercellular communication
Manufacturing depends on membranes
Energy–processing depends on endomembranes
STRUCTURE OF CELL IS CLOSELY RELATED TO ITS SPECIFIC FUNCTION
?: Mitochondria gives the energy, Cytoskeleton is made up of muscle cells, and smooth ER gives the calcium to muscle cells in order to have muscle

Animal Cell Dbq

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Animal Cell Dbq