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Arguments Against Socialism
Hi there! sorry for the late response, I had some chores to do.
Anyhow let us proceed.
1. I'm interested in where you got the definition anarchism from, if you got it from a dictionary. I'm sorry to say I don't find it a valueable source,
since you only took one part of this that is the "No rulers" and not the part where it would be described as a dystopian society without order to
promote your agenda that is where I would say your argument starts being flawed and also the dictionary is not always legimiate as words change
over time and the usage changes over time, especially when it comes to political philosophy. I will now come with an example with the word
socialism: Before the USSR socialism was used to describe workers self management.
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Marxism And Socialism Essay
Can democratic socialism achieve Marxist socialism?
Marx and Engels' The Communist Manifesto states, "The first step in the revolution by the working class, is to raise the proletariat to the position of
ruling class, to win the battle of democracy" (1888:32). Marx predicted that once proletariats had seized power, the state would abolish capitalism
through collective ownership, taking economic control away from the free market and subsequently liberating society from alienation and oppression.
This would give rise to a socialist society of equality, ultimately leading to communism. This essay discusses the strengths and limitations of democratic
socialism in achieving Marxist socialism. In the UK democratic socialism has bought about...show more content...
Rather than eradicate capitalism, socialism exists within it. Moreover, democratic socialism is characterised through the balance and compromise
between free market capitalism and the Governmental state (Bernstein 1993: 142, Heywood 2012:128, Anderson 1985: 10). Marx considered
socialism as a class movement, which is what subsequently played out in the political realm, once universal suffrage had been achieved. For
previously powerless people it was the only peaceful way to be heard: "Electoral politics constitutes the mechanism through which anyone can as a
citizen express claims to goods and services." (Przeworski 1985:11).
The most notable examples of effective legislation for achieving socialist ends are the universal vote being achieved with the 'Representation of the
people act' in 1928, Attlee's rolling out of the welfare state in 1945, and 'The Equal Pay Act' of 1970.
In response to the Beveridge report, Keynesian economics were adapted by the Labour Government to use taxation to fund a welfare state. The key
objective being to control inequality and oppression of poverty, through widely available services such as healthcare, education, workers' rights and
welfare support. The Attlee Government (1945 – 1951) nationalised major industries of coal steel and electricity, hoping to regulate the economy
(Heywood 2012:109), providing basics services without exploitation through commodification, as a means of ensuring provision of fundamental needs
to all of
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Socialism And Its Impact On Society
Introduction
I ndividual people do not work in isolation from one another, but live in cooperation with each other and therefore society should share property with
people who deserve it. This is the perspective of people who supported socialism and this conviction is quite contrary to that of capitalism, which
revolved around individual ownership of property. Socialism, as a political movement, first occurred during the Industrial Revolution when discontent
emerged from the disparity of the rich and their workers. Socialists believed that the rich people were exploiting their own wealth and were using
workers as tools to increase their own personal wealth and status, meaning that the people doing the hard work remained poor and they did not have
an option to try and become successful themselves. Socialism states that society as a whole should own or at least control property for the benefit of
all its members.
Supporters and Criticisms of Socialism
Many people have supported socialism and its ideas, and have tried to convince people that it is a desirable to system to live in. One such person was
Robert Owen, who showed that a business could still function properly even when taking the worker's welfare into account and tried to set up a
self–sufficient community. Owen first showed that his textile mills were able to generate profit while hiring no children under the age of 10, which
was quite humane at the time. He thought that people's feelings such as selfishness were
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Essay about Socialism
Socialism
Socialism is a type of economic system, a political movement, and a social theory. Socialism is based on the idea that governments should own and
control a nation's resources rather than individuals.
Socialism was first used to describe opposition to the free enterprise and market economies. The Industrial Revolution was the cause of many social
problems. Long work hours, low pay, and poor working conditions caused
Americans to first consider socialism. With government involvement in business, fairer treatment for all was feasible. Most countries today have
socialist parties, many have socialist governments, and others who are in between have adopted socialist ideas.
Communism and socialism are...show more content...
It is disagreement among socialists that has made for a wide spectrum of ideas, possibly making it more difficult for socialism to exist.
Socialism and Karl Marx are two words that belong together. Marx was the most influential socialist of the 1800's. Marx expressed his ideas in the
Communist Manifesto. He believed that all history is a series of struggles between the ruling and the working classes. Marx predicted that the ruling
class would be overthrown and predicted the working class would set up a society based on common ownership.
Socialism has never been very strong in the United States. Because of the opportunity for even the poor to become successful, socialism has never
been able to grow. The strongest movement might have been during World War I. socialists tried to group, but because of problems at hand nothing
was accomplished. After World War I a complete collapse of socialism occurred.
Today the U.S. still practices a small amount of socialism. Government regulates and controls many private businesses, provides welfare, and strives to
maintain a high employment rate. The government also uses its strong taxing, spending, and credit powers. Yet the United States has fewer socialist
features than any other industrialized nation.
Like many other people, I feel there are pro's and con's to socialism.
Socialism would generally make for a more
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Socialism: A Philosophy of Failure
"Socialism is a philosophy of failure, the creed of ignorance and the gospel of envy, its inherent virtue is equal sharing of misery". Socialism over the
past century has caused growing fear over many centuries across the globe. Socialism is ownership of everyone and common ownership, compared to
capitalism where its a private ownership. A socialist economic system is based on the organisational precept of production use.Socialism will always
fail due to the human element, resulting a corrupt government. Socialism came from a huge variety of influences.The ideas of socialism came from a
few men who believed in a utopia. They believed worker's conditions improve if production was controlled by the government. Socialism also believed
in common ownership of something. There's different types of socialism ideals. One is the state directed economy which either state or work
cooperatives owns production but is directed by the government. The other is de–centralized economy of which the ownership of enterprises is
accomplished forms of cooperative workers. Socialism and communism has the same ideals for their country. They both believed in a perfect or utopian
society. The government owns everything including their people and production. Socialism believed an ideal government, controlling all means of
production and their own people. The book Animal Farm is based on the Russian Revolution in many ways. One is the tyranny of a leader. Stalin
turned against
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Socialism In America Essay
Move Away from Socialism, America
Socialism in America has progressed substantially and is not bettering The United States. Socialism is a political theory of social organization that
advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. In much lighter terms
socialism is where a government owns and runs everything in the country to, in theory, better the nation for the people. To increase the growth and help
the economy in America the people need to learn what socialism is, learn why socialism does not benefit America, limit the federal government's
power, and look at statistics of the poor people in America.
What Is Socialism
"Socialism is where a democratic government...show more content...
Since President Obama socialized health care many small businesses went out of business or had to reduce their number of employees because
they could not afford to provide health care to their employees. "Affordable Care Act (ACA) regulations are reducing small business (20 to 99
workers) pay by at least $22.6 billion annually. In addition, ACA regulations and rising premiums have reduced employment by more than 350,000
jobs nationwide, with five states losing more than 20,000 jobs" (Gitis, 2014). If America furthers their socialization they could hurt people by
money inflaming and tax elevation. Socializing education by making college free for citizens may cause taxes to raise through the roof. This would
limit sources of income for colleges and limit the tax dollars to be their major source of income. "Socialism seeks to eliminate "injustice" by
transferring rights and responsibilities from individuals and families to the State" (Student Action, 2010). Socialism in this sense actually contradicts it
self, because our liberties are taken away. With socialism brings no voice in what our government or state does, they do as they please and will not
care for citizens input. Socialism in school would also oppose parental rights in education. People need to remember what the basis of socialism is,
government and state controlled country. If the government or state controls the school's, parents have no say
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Cons Of Socialism
There are many people who disagree with socialism and the ideas of socialism. Other people might think that socialism is a great idea. There are
several pros and cons to socialism.
If done right, socialism could be an effective form of government. In the past when socialism has been attempted it ends up being like a communism.
The basic idea of socialism is that there is a collective ownership of factories, mills, and land as well as other means of production. Socialism would
mean the direct control of companies and industries by the workers through a somewhat democratic government which would be based on the
nationwide economic organization. In this type of government the authority will come solely through the workers of organizations.
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Socialism And Communism Essay
Socialism is fundamentally a type of government that places the requirements of society over the person. It affirms to be a framework where
everybody possesses everything except for by and by nobody claims anything aside from the legislature.
No. The center reasoning is more pertinent today than it has ever been. I am persuaded like never before that Socialism and Communism will return,
and ideally amid my life time. They might be maybe re–marked and improved, however they will return like old wine in another container.
Communists would take the way of changing the state itself, with another constitution, bringing the entire state under a solitary political gathering,
canceling each other political thought and voice, bringing fascism through
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Socialism Essay
What would happen if we all made the same amount of money? To understand what our society would be as socialist, we must understand the
difference between socialist and capitalist ideas. The question becomes not so much as what is socialism, but how does it differ from capitalism, and
what is wrong with capitalistic ideas to where we would need socialism.
The problem becomes where do you draw the line between capitalism and socialism to where we have trust, sense of community and also competition?
If the answer were that simple we would live in a perfect society. A problem that is happening in our society is that intellectualconversations about our
society and nations problems are not occurring. With our individualistic lifestyle we...show more content...
.
Karl Marx and Frederich Engels believed that the government and upper class could not just give up and create a classless society. He believed that
the constant struggles of the class system would force the working class into a revolution. Through dialectical materialism set by Georg Hegel, Marx
was able to create a theory of a classless society. This society would be achieved through the joint union of the middle class, proletarians, and
overthrow of the governing upper class, bourgeois. Marx realized that with the unification of the working class, they would be able to better
themselves and their lives, and in doing so, better society on the whole.
The focus of Marx's philosophical writings about social structure is alienation. He believes that social or psychological alienation arises out of
economic or material alienation. In other words, consciousness is determined by material conditions. He states that the alienated person feels a lack of
meaning in his life, or a lack of self–realization. There are three types of alienation. The first type of alienation is alienation from oneself. The second
type of alienation is alienation from his fellow human beings, and the third type of alienation is alienation from the world as a whole.
Marx sees material alienation as the cause of social or psychological alienation. Material alienation he said is caused by the existence of private
property. Private property came into existence through
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Communism, Capitalism, and Socialism Essay
Three different types of economic systems used by governments are Communism, Capitalism, and Socialism. Each type of system is unique in
different ways. Each has distinct aspects that make it what it is. In communism, the government runs everything and there are no social classes. The
government in capitalism doesn't interfere with any businesses and lets the citizens own and operate them. Socialism is basically a mixture of the two
economic systems. The government runs certain businesses, but citizens run the rest. The three economic systems are different in the way they run
things and regulate things. Communism is an economic system developed by Karl Marx. Communism, also called Marxism, is an economic system
used by...show more content...
It is the economic system used by a government that regulates only certain businesses for the welfare of the citizens. The government normally only
regulates housing, education, food, and medical issues. Since that is all the government regulates, private citizens are allowed to own businesses.
However, the income of these businesses is controlled thru taxes. The strength of socialism is that the government has more control over businesses
and can regulate what happens in them. The weakness is that people interested in owning a business in the area of housing, education, food, or medical
issues cannot. All the three economic systems are different in unique ways. The most effective out of the three economic systems is capitalism. It is the
most effective for a few reasons. First, people are allowed to own any type of business they want. In socialism they can't own a variety of businesses
because the government runs them. In communism, no one can own a business because the government owns everything. If people are allowed to own
any type of business that they want and keep the profits of the business, they will want to work harder then they would under communism or socialism.
In addition, just because the government doesn't interfere with businesses a lot doesn't mean that the businesses aren't strong. The government still
does interfere a little, regulating what the businesses can and cannot sell. Lastly, capitalism is the most
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Essay On American Socialism
American Socialism "Socialism is an ideal state, but it can never be achieved while man is so selfish". Socialism is a selfless government system that
spreads wealth in the place of greed. In a socialistic government the government regulates all means of production to prevent the overflow and
insufficiency of goods. This would help reduce debt and balance financial growth. Introducing socialism into America would be beneficial for the
american people by stabilizing economic growth, decrease the financial tension between countries, and allow the american people to gain success by
spreading wealth. Socialism would help America regain control over its fluctuating and sporadic economy. If the government were to control the
economy through the...show more content...
The U.S. has had the most universal currency for decades because of America's great influence on the world, and because the american capitalist
way. In an economic standing America is at the top because of the value of the U.S. dollar. All throughout history dating back to the turn of the
nineteenth century the U.S. dollar has been used all over the world both during times of depression and in times of recession. The times the U.S. the
U.S. dollar value the most is when there isn't much of it around, but right now America is a a steady climb to inflammation which means the dollar
is losing strength. The less the dollar is valued the less power the U.S. has and the more countries will use other secondary currencies. Socialism can
stop this from happening altogether and allow America to stay powerful. In a shared wealth economy the money taxed from the people is returned to
the people by offering free education and zero medical expenses. This also helps to increase the amount of money in middle class pockets by taxing
higher class people more according to their income. When money is held by the people it circulates through the country more before returning to the
government, this allows the the vale of the dollar to
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Socialism In 19th Century France
Causes and Effects of Socialism
To accurately write an in depth paper covering nineteenth century socialism in France, I have chosen two resources. One, a textbook, offers an insight
to the origin of socialism and Karl Marx, speaks of the French Revolution as well as the Industrial Revolution, and also informs readers of the effects of
socialism. My second resource, an article from JSTOR covers these same ideas, adding more detail. Both of these resources are packed full of
information that will help to write a narrow and thorough paper on socialism in nineteenth century France.
For my first resource to cover the causes and effects of Socialism, I will be using A. Lindemann, A History of European Socialism. Binghamton,
1983. This textbook not only covers the roots of socialism, but also incorporates the effect of socialism as well. It speaks of many different countries
like France, Russia, and so on. For my specific...show more content...
In chapter three, from pages 87 to 132, the author describes the beginning of socialism during this time period. It covers how Karl Marx, a
German–Jewish exile, became emerged in the French culture, and what ideas he brought to the table. It speaks of the early start of it, in the mid
1840s, when Marx created an outline of socialist theory with colleague, Friedrich Engels. Originally invested in atheist beliefs, Marx decided that the
atheist point of view did not describe his views accurately. Marx formed a belief that the potential development of humanity through critical reason
could create secular harmony. The textbook reflects on what these ideas are and how he communicated it to the people. This paper on socialism will
briefly cover the French Revolution and how it contributed to the Industrial Revolution and socialism. Just like Marx, he Industrial Revolution plays a
huge part in the development of socialism in France. While a
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Essay on Capitalism Vs. Socialism
Comparisons between countries and regions before and after the advent of capitalism in Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Europe as well as a
comparison of Cuba and the ex–communist countries provide us with an adequate basis to draw some definitive conclusions. Fifteen years of
"transition to capitalism" is more than adequate time to judge the performance and impact of capitalist politicians, privatizations, free market policies
and other restoration measures on the economy, society and general welfare of the population.
Economic Performance: Growth, Employment and Poverty
Under communism the economic decisions and property were national and publicly owned. Over the past 15 years of the transition to capitalism almost
all basic...show more content...
Moreover economic inequalities have grown geometrically with 1% of the top income bracket controlling 80% of private assets and more than 50%
of income while poverty levels exceed 50% or even higher. In the former USSR, especially south–central Asian republics like Armenia, Georgia, and
Uzbekistan, living standards have fallen by 80%, almost one fourth of the population has out–migrated or become destitute and industries, public
treasuries and energy sources have been pillaged. The scientific, health and educational systems have been all but destroyed. In Armenia, the number
of scientific researchers declined from 20,000 in 1990 to 5,000 in 1995, and continues on a downward slide (National Geographic, March 2004). From
being a center of Soviet high technology, Armenia today is a country run by criminal gangs in which most people live without central heat and
electricity.
In Russia the pillage was even worse and the economic decline was if anything more severe. By the mid 1990's, over 50% of the population (and even
more outside of Moscow and St. Peterburg – formerly Leningrad) lived in poverty, homelessness increased and universal comprehensive health and
education services collapsed. Never in peace–time modern history has a country fallen so quickly and profoundly as is the case of capitalist Russia.
The economy was "privatized" – that is, it was taken over by Russian gangsters led by the eight billionaire oligarchs who shipped over $200 billion
dollars out of
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Socialism Essay
Socialism
Socialism is the economic theory or system, in which the community owns the means of production, distribution, and exchange collectively, usually
through the state. It is characterized by production for use rather than profit, by equality of individual wealth, by the absence of competitive economic
activity, and, usually, by government determination of investment, prices and production levels. It is collective because society can control production
unlike capitalism and because production is for the common good rather than for individual profit. At the same time it is individual because workers
are no longer a large alienated group of people employed by a minority of owners. Work becomes a free and self–affirming activity...show more
content...
An argument against socialism is because of this lack of a profit motive the society cannot advance. Assuming this statement is true…it really
is the point of socialism. Socialism's purpose is not to have an overabundance or surplus of goods. It is when a surplus occurs when social classes
are more defined. Under socialism a lack of profit motive would ensure everyone is getting exactly what he or she needs. Now let us examine if a
lack of a profit motive is bad. Let us take a steel worker under a capitalist state. Te steel worker receives zero profit from the work he puts out. The
profit he works for goes directly to the owner of the plant, mill, or mine. Why, then, does the worker work? If profit is not his incentive, what is?
Most people, in capitalist society, work because they have to. If they didn't work, they couldn't eat. It's that simple. They work, not for profits, but
for wages, in order to obtain food, clothing, and shelter. There would be the same impulse to work under socialism—people would work in
order to earn a living thus disproving a lack of advancement theory…yet another reason why the working class would support socialism.
Socialism offers additional incentives to work which capitalism cannot offer. Under capitalism the result of any extra effort is not public benefit but
private profit. Under socialism, however, the appeal to work hard and well is based on the grounds that it is society as a
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A Capitalist Economy vs Socialist Economy Essay
A Capitalist Economy vs Socialist Economy
There are a variety of economic systems today, which can influence how prosperous we will be as individuals or as a group. Socialism is an economic
system where the government will be greatly involved in the economy. In a socialist economy the government can control many industries, provide
public institutions such as health care and education, and equalize incomes of the population. A socialist economy is one of low unemployment and
stability, where the government sets production quotas and price regulation upon their perception of the needs of the economy. On the other hand, a
capitalistic economy is an economic system where there is a very limited amount of government involvement....show more content...
Also, in social economies governments set price regulations, therefore reducing the total profit on products. The effect of control of the economy limits
the direction in which the economy will grow.
Secondly, the restrictions by the government in a social economy cause slow growth. Since the incomes of the population are distributed equally,
people lose the personal initiative to better themselves because others will be gaining the benefits if they work hard themselves. This concept of
bettering oneself then helping society doesn't exist, but bettering society then helping oneself does exist.
For example, in a factory no one would take an administration title if they were getting the same salary as someone who was involved in labour,
resulting in the higher demand for administrators, but no perks to retrieve them. Since the government equalizes the population's income people spend
less on technology therefore depressing the production of new technology. Furthermore, when socialist governments restrict the production in the
economy, room for a black market is formed in order to provide a variety of products from other countries. The money spent in the black markets isn't
put towards the national economy, thus contracting consumerism in the national economy, which in turn slows down the economy. Overall, the
restrictions of a social
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Socialism Thesis
PART I: Topic overview & annotated guiding research
I choose to research Socialism, because of a man by the name of Bernie Sanders who seeks to become the next President of the United States. I wanted
to know how socialism helps the common working man and why it has negative connotations, but the positivity it really has. My questions are: What is
Democratic Socialism? How has Democratic Socialism worked in a government? Why does Democratic Socialism bring negative connotations? How
has Democratic Socialism affected America?
PART II: Thesis & setting up the conversation
In the discussion of Democratic Socialism. One controversial issue has been that socialism is the greatest threat to America and even the world, but is
that true? On one...show more content...
Puschak goes into great detail the advantages of what a democratic socialist country entail, those being housing, food, healthcare, and education.
Puschak gave a great example of Finland's socialist education, by stating that everyone is given the same opportunity to succeed or fail regardless if
their socioeconomic status. Puschak's view on socialism was really surprising, and in fact gave me some good points to use. He also did a really good
job at what democratic socialism brings, as well as what Marxism–Leninism socialism brings. Lastly, Puschak ending analogy was perfect, it presented
the basic misinterpretation that everyone has, and exposed
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National Socialism Essay
The rise of National Socialism in post–WWI Germany is an understandable reaction to the problems of the Versailles Peace Treaty, considering the
German attitudes and beliefs at the time. These attitudes and beliefs were the result of generations of Prussian militarism, extreme racist nationalism,
and, most importantly, the failure of the Treaty of Versailles signed in June of 1919. The rise of the Nazi party, and their extremist National Socialist
doctrine appealed directly to these attitudes and beliefs that permeated Germany society after the first World War.
Since the unification of Germany in the late 19th century, attitudes of nationalism, Prussian militarism and expansionism saturated German society. As
one can clearly see in the...show more content...
Unemployment was widespread and a whole generation of young Germans was left hopeless and without direction. For many Germans during these
terrible times, mere survival was a challenge. This wretched condition is apparent in Heinrich Hauser's description of Germany's unemployed who
lined the highways, homeless and destitute, with no place to go. As he describes it, "unskilled young people, for the most part... had been unable to
find a place for themselves in any city or town in Germany, and... had never had a job and never expected to have one." Germany had been forced to
her knees.
It was these grave conditions that set up the Nazis' rise to power. Feeding on the emotions of the German populace, especially the disenchanted youth of
Germany, the National Socialist movement swept through the country. Preaching a doctrine of ultra–nationalism and Germanic racial superiority, the
supreme leader of the National Socialist movement, Adolf Hitler, appealed to the age–old attitudes and beliefs of the German people. Continuing the
Prussian militaristic tradition, Hitler called for a full mobilization of German society with the ultimate purpose of territorial expansion. He wanted to
eliminate all opposition within Germany and unite all German peoples towards the same goal, German world supremacy. He envisioned a fully
mobilized Germany, void of internal conflict and inefficiency, which would create employment for all Germans, who would work for a greater German
society. As
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Utopian And Scientific Socialism Comparison
Socialism is a way of controlling the economy, in which the government owns and runs all of the businesses of a society. Socialism can be broken up
into two different categories: Utopian Socialism and Scientific Socialism. These two types have some similar views, but also are very different in
certain ways. For example, Utopian Society is basically a peaceful way to get what you want whereas Scientific Socialism, which was what Karl Marx
represented, held the belief that the only way to get what you want is through revolution. These views of socialism held the total opposite views of a
man named Adam Smith, who believed in capitalism, and who wrote the book, The Wealth of Nations.
There was agreement between the two different forms of...show more content...
Now, it is time to take a look at the differences in the views of Utopian Socialism and Scientific Socialism. Utopian Socialism arose in the latter half of
the 18th Century. These socialists viewed the distribution of wealth as unfair. They believed that the nobles and upper class mistreated the working
class. They complained of low wages, bad management and basically all of the conflicts which have risen due to competition, capitalism, and a free
market. Utopian Socialists were given this name because the nature of their solution was to basically create a "perfect" society. A society in which the
government, nobles, and upper class would give up their titles to live in a classless society where equality was key. A French man by the name of Pierre
Proudhon was in a feud with Karl Marx, and wrote a book called What Is Property?. In it he answered that property was theft, and he had called for an
end to private riches. (Heilbroner 153).
Utopian Socialists also believed in the "Golden Rule," that is, do unto others what you would like done to you. There was no room for bitterness
towards other people. They were also very patient in the area of getting what they want. They thought that nothing in life happens quickly and easily. It
can be said that they believed in Darwin's "Theory of Evolution," so to speak. They knew that what they wanted to achieve would come slowly, but
surely. They would also never resort to
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Life In The Soviet Union During The 60's
The life in the U.S compared to that of the Soviet Union during the 60's is an amazing phenomenon of a declining life expectancy in a highly
developed country just like in the case of the Soviet Union during the 60's down to the 70's. The result of the life expectancy rate in the Soviet Union
shows that there is only a small part to true informal changes in the state of living. However, the weak point of the measures of life expectancy is of
vital importance, although another factor is the unfavourable selection of risks by war, thereby making a less valuable comparison between the
international and inter temporal. Another factor is the logical difference between period and the measurement of the group of people sharing a
common factor...show more content...
Dinkel R.H. further stated that in the 1964 the trend later reversed in that the life expectancy in the Soviet Union for women remained moderately
steady, and that of the men counterpart went down dramatically.
Furthermore, Dinkel noted that most of the western sources blamed this change on the growing abuse of alcohol and poor health care thus the implicit
embracement by the Soviet Union authorities.
Ideology of socialism and communism
Socialism and communism are ideological principles that have many distinguishing features in addition to many shared characteristics; however, it is
complicated to distinguish the accurate differences between them, as various societies have tried embarking on the dissimilar nature of both systems in
innumerable forms, thereby, making many zealous supporter of ideology with different agendas defining both systems in a biased term.
Accordingly, one idea or fact that is often raised to differentiate socialism from communism is that socialism in general is the political movement that
refers to an economic system in that they believe that the state should be in charge of all important producing industries thus taking hold of the control
of free market in order to promote economic parity and egalitarianism. Theoretically, socialism seeks to distribute wealth equally among its citizens in a
way that the rich don't take
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Arguments Against Socialism: Why Democratic Socialism Fails to Achieve Marxist Goals

  • 1. Arguments Against Socialism Hi there! sorry for the late response, I had some chores to do. Anyhow let us proceed. 1. I'm interested in where you got the definition anarchism from, if you got it from a dictionary. I'm sorry to say I don't find it a valueable source, since you only took one part of this that is the "No rulers" and not the part where it would be described as a dystopian society without order to promote your agenda that is where I would say your argument starts being flawed and also the dictionary is not always legimiate as words change over time and the usage changes over time, especially when it comes to political philosophy. I will now come with an example with the word socialism: Before the USSR socialism was used to describe workers self management. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Marxism And Socialism Essay Can democratic socialism achieve Marxist socialism? Marx and Engels' The Communist Manifesto states, "The first step in the revolution by the working class, is to raise the proletariat to the position of ruling class, to win the battle of democracy" (1888:32). Marx predicted that once proletariats had seized power, the state would abolish capitalism through collective ownership, taking economic control away from the free market and subsequently liberating society from alienation and oppression. This would give rise to a socialist society of equality, ultimately leading to communism. This essay discusses the strengths and limitations of democratic socialism in achieving Marxist socialism. In the UK democratic socialism has bought about...show more content... Rather than eradicate capitalism, socialism exists within it. Moreover, democratic socialism is characterised through the balance and compromise between free market capitalism and the Governmental state (Bernstein 1993: 142, Heywood 2012:128, Anderson 1985: 10). Marx considered socialism as a class movement, which is what subsequently played out in the political realm, once universal suffrage had been achieved. For previously powerless people it was the only peaceful way to be heard: "Electoral politics constitutes the mechanism through which anyone can as a citizen express claims to goods and services." (Przeworski 1985:11). The most notable examples of effective legislation for achieving socialist ends are the universal vote being achieved with the 'Representation of the people act' in 1928, Attlee's rolling out of the welfare state in 1945, and 'The Equal Pay Act' of 1970. In response to the Beveridge report, Keynesian economics were adapted by the Labour Government to use taxation to fund a welfare state. The key objective being to control inequality and oppression of poverty, through widely available services such as healthcare, education, workers' rights and welfare support. The Attlee Government (1945 – 1951) nationalised major industries of coal steel and electricity, hoping to regulate the economy (Heywood 2012:109), providing basics services without exploitation through commodification, as a means of ensuring provision of fundamental needs to all of Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. Socialism And Its Impact On Society Introduction I ndividual people do not work in isolation from one another, but live in cooperation with each other and therefore society should share property with people who deserve it. This is the perspective of people who supported socialism and this conviction is quite contrary to that of capitalism, which revolved around individual ownership of property. Socialism, as a political movement, first occurred during the Industrial Revolution when discontent emerged from the disparity of the rich and their workers. Socialists believed that the rich people were exploiting their own wealth and were using workers as tools to increase their own personal wealth and status, meaning that the people doing the hard work remained poor and they did not have an option to try and become successful themselves. Socialism states that society as a whole should own or at least control property for the benefit of all its members. Supporters and Criticisms of Socialism Many people have supported socialism and its ideas, and have tried to convince people that it is a desirable to system to live in. One such person was Robert Owen, who showed that a business could still function properly even when taking the worker's welfare into account and tried to set up a self–sufficient community. Owen first showed that his textile mills were able to generate profit while hiring no children under the age of 10, which was quite humane at the time. He thought that people's feelings such as selfishness were Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Essay about Socialism Socialism Socialism is a type of economic system, a political movement, and a social theory. Socialism is based on the idea that governments should own and control a nation's resources rather than individuals. Socialism was first used to describe opposition to the free enterprise and market economies. The Industrial Revolution was the cause of many social problems. Long work hours, low pay, and poor working conditions caused Americans to first consider socialism. With government involvement in business, fairer treatment for all was feasible. Most countries today have socialist parties, many have socialist governments, and others who are in between have adopted socialist ideas. Communism and socialism are...show more content... It is disagreement among socialists that has made for a wide spectrum of ideas, possibly making it more difficult for socialism to exist. Socialism and Karl Marx are two words that belong together. Marx was the most influential socialist of the 1800's. Marx expressed his ideas in the Communist Manifesto. He believed that all history is a series of struggles between the ruling and the working classes. Marx predicted that the ruling class would be overthrown and predicted the working class would set up a society based on common ownership. Socialism has never been very strong in the United States. Because of the opportunity for even the poor to become successful, socialism has never been able to grow. The strongest movement might have been during World War I. socialists tried to group, but because of problems at hand nothing was accomplished. After World War I a complete collapse of socialism occurred. Today the U.S. still practices a small amount of socialism. Government regulates and controls many private businesses, provides welfare, and strives to maintain a high employment rate. The government also uses its strong taxing, spending, and credit powers. Yet the United States has fewer socialist features than any other industrialized nation. Like many other people, I feel there are pro's and con's to socialism. Socialism would generally make for a more
  • 5. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Socialism: A Philosophy of Failure "Socialism is a philosophy of failure, the creed of ignorance and the gospel of envy, its inherent virtue is equal sharing of misery". Socialism over the past century has caused growing fear over many centuries across the globe. Socialism is ownership of everyone and common ownership, compared to capitalism where its a private ownership. A socialist economic system is based on the organisational precept of production use.Socialism will always fail due to the human element, resulting a corrupt government. Socialism came from a huge variety of influences.The ideas of socialism came from a few men who believed in a utopia. They believed worker's conditions improve if production was controlled by the government. Socialism also believed in common ownership of something. There's different types of socialism ideals. One is the state directed economy which either state or work cooperatives owns production but is directed by the government. The other is de–centralized economy of which the ownership of enterprises is accomplished forms of cooperative workers. Socialism and communism has the same ideals for their country. They both believed in a perfect or utopian society. The government owns everything including their people and production. Socialism believed an ideal government, controlling all means of production and their own people. The book Animal Farm is based on the Russian Revolution in many ways. One is the tyranny of a leader. Stalin turned against Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Socialism In America Essay Move Away from Socialism, America Socialism in America has progressed substantially and is not bettering The United States. Socialism is a political theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. In much lighter terms socialism is where a government owns and runs everything in the country to, in theory, better the nation for the people. To increase the growth and help the economy in America the people need to learn what socialism is, learn why socialism does not benefit America, limit the federal government's power, and look at statistics of the poor people in America. What Is Socialism "Socialism is where a democratic government...show more content... Since President Obama socialized health care many small businesses went out of business or had to reduce their number of employees because they could not afford to provide health care to their employees. "Affordable Care Act (ACA) regulations are reducing small business (20 to 99 workers) pay by at least $22.6 billion annually. In addition, ACA regulations and rising premiums have reduced employment by more than 350,000 jobs nationwide, with five states losing more than 20,000 jobs" (Gitis, 2014). If America furthers their socialization they could hurt people by money inflaming and tax elevation. Socializing education by making college free for citizens may cause taxes to raise through the roof. This would limit sources of income for colleges and limit the tax dollars to be their major source of income. "Socialism seeks to eliminate "injustice" by transferring rights and responsibilities from individuals and families to the State" (Student Action, 2010). Socialism in this sense actually contradicts it self, because our liberties are taken away. With socialism brings no voice in what our government or state does, they do as they please and will not care for citizens input. Socialism in school would also oppose parental rights in education. People need to remember what the basis of socialism is, government and state controlled country. If the government or state controls the school's, parents have no say Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Cons Of Socialism There are many people who disagree with socialism and the ideas of socialism. Other people might think that socialism is a great idea. There are several pros and cons to socialism. If done right, socialism could be an effective form of government. In the past when socialism has been attempted it ends up being like a communism. The basic idea of socialism is that there is a collective ownership of factories, mills, and land as well as other means of production. Socialism would mean the direct control of companies and industries by the workers through a somewhat democratic government which would be based on the nationwide economic organization. In this type of government the authority will come solely through the workers of organizations. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Socialism And Communism Essay Socialism is fundamentally a type of government that places the requirements of society over the person. It affirms to be a framework where everybody possesses everything except for by and by nobody claims anything aside from the legislature. No. The center reasoning is more pertinent today than it has ever been. I am persuaded like never before that Socialism and Communism will return, and ideally amid my life time. They might be maybe re–marked and improved, however they will return like old wine in another container. Communists would take the way of changing the state itself, with another constitution, bringing the entire state under a solitary political gathering, canceling each other political thought and voice, bringing fascism through Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Socialism Essay What would happen if we all made the same amount of money? To understand what our society would be as socialist, we must understand the difference between socialist and capitalist ideas. The question becomes not so much as what is socialism, but how does it differ from capitalism, and what is wrong with capitalistic ideas to where we would need socialism. The problem becomes where do you draw the line between capitalism and socialism to where we have trust, sense of community and also competition? If the answer were that simple we would live in a perfect society. A problem that is happening in our society is that intellectualconversations about our society and nations problems are not occurring. With our individualistic lifestyle we...show more content... . Karl Marx and Frederich Engels believed that the government and upper class could not just give up and create a classless society. He believed that the constant struggles of the class system would force the working class into a revolution. Through dialectical materialism set by Georg Hegel, Marx was able to create a theory of a classless society. This society would be achieved through the joint union of the middle class, proletarians, and overthrow of the governing upper class, bourgeois. Marx realized that with the unification of the working class, they would be able to better themselves and their lives, and in doing so, better society on the whole. The focus of Marx's philosophical writings about social structure is alienation. He believes that social or psychological alienation arises out of economic or material alienation. In other words, consciousness is determined by material conditions. He states that the alienated person feels a lack of meaning in his life, or a lack of self–realization. There are three types of alienation. The first type of alienation is alienation from oneself. The second type of alienation is alienation from his fellow human beings, and the third type of alienation is alienation from the world as a whole. Marx sees material alienation as the cause of social or psychological alienation. Material alienation he said is caused by the existence of private property. Private property came into existence through Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Communism, Capitalism, and Socialism Essay Three different types of economic systems used by governments are Communism, Capitalism, and Socialism. Each type of system is unique in different ways. Each has distinct aspects that make it what it is. In communism, the government runs everything and there are no social classes. The government in capitalism doesn't interfere with any businesses and lets the citizens own and operate them. Socialism is basically a mixture of the two economic systems. The government runs certain businesses, but citizens run the rest. The three economic systems are different in the way they run things and regulate things. Communism is an economic system developed by Karl Marx. Communism, also called Marxism, is an economic system used by...show more content... It is the economic system used by a government that regulates only certain businesses for the welfare of the citizens. The government normally only regulates housing, education, food, and medical issues. Since that is all the government regulates, private citizens are allowed to own businesses. However, the income of these businesses is controlled thru taxes. The strength of socialism is that the government has more control over businesses and can regulate what happens in them. The weakness is that people interested in owning a business in the area of housing, education, food, or medical issues cannot. All the three economic systems are different in unique ways. The most effective out of the three economic systems is capitalism. It is the most effective for a few reasons. First, people are allowed to own any type of business they want. In socialism they can't own a variety of businesses because the government runs them. In communism, no one can own a business because the government owns everything. If people are allowed to own any type of business that they want and keep the profits of the business, they will want to work harder then they would under communism or socialism. In addition, just because the government doesn't interfere with businesses a lot doesn't mean that the businesses aren't strong. The government still does interfere a little, regulating what the businesses can and cannot sell. Lastly, capitalism is the most Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Essay On American Socialism American Socialism "Socialism is an ideal state, but it can never be achieved while man is so selfish". Socialism is a selfless government system that spreads wealth in the place of greed. In a socialistic government the government regulates all means of production to prevent the overflow and insufficiency of goods. This would help reduce debt and balance financial growth. Introducing socialism into America would be beneficial for the american people by stabilizing economic growth, decrease the financial tension between countries, and allow the american people to gain success by spreading wealth. Socialism would help America regain control over its fluctuating and sporadic economy. If the government were to control the economy through the...show more content... The U.S. has had the most universal currency for decades because of America's great influence on the world, and because the american capitalist way. In an economic standing America is at the top because of the value of the U.S. dollar. All throughout history dating back to the turn of the nineteenth century the U.S. dollar has been used all over the world both during times of depression and in times of recession. The times the U.S. the U.S. dollar value the most is when there isn't much of it around, but right now America is a a steady climb to inflammation which means the dollar is losing strength. The less the dollar is valued the less power the U.S. has and the more countries will use other secondary currencies. Socialism can stop this from happening altogether and allow America to stay powerful. In a shared wealth economy the money taxed from the people is returned to the people by offering free education and zero medical expenses. This also helps to increase the amount of money in middle class pockets by taxing higher class people more according to their income. When money is held by the people it circulates through the country more before returning to the government, this allows the the vale of the dollar to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Socialism In 19th Century France Causes and Effects of Socialism To accurately write an in depth paper covering nineteenth century socialism in France, I have chosen two resources. One, a textbook, offers an insight to the origin of socialism and Karl Marx, speaks of the French Revolution as well as the Industrial Revolution, and also informs readers of the effects of socialism. My second resource, an article from JSTOR covers these same ideas, adding more detail. Both of these resources are packed full of information that will help to write a narrow and thorough paper on socialism in nineteenth century France. For my first resource to cover the causes and effects of Socialism, I will be using A. Lindemann, A History of European Socialism. Binghamton, 1983. This textbook not only covers the roots of socialism, but also incorporates the effect of socialism as well. It speaks of many different countries like France, Russia, and so on. For my specific...show more content... In chapter three, from pages 87 to 132, the author describes the beginning of socialism during this time period. It covers how Karl Marx, a German–Jewish exile, became emerged in the French culture, and what ideas he brought to the table. It speaks of the early start of it, in the mid 1840s, when Marx created an outline of socialist theory with colleague, Friedrich Engels. Originally invested in atheist beliefs, Marx decided that the atheist point of view did not describe his views accurately. Marx formed a belief that the potential development of humanity through critical reason could create secular harmony. The textbook reflects on what these ideas are and how he communicated it to the people. This paper on socialism will briefly cover the French Revolution and how it contributed to the Industrial Revolution and socialism. Just like Marx, he Industrial Revolution plays a huge part in the development of socialism in France. While a Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Essay on Capitalism Vs. Socialism Comparisons between countries and regions before and after the advent of capitalism in Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Europe as well as a comparison of Cuba and the ex–communist countries provide us with an adequate basis to draw some definitive conclusions. Fifteen years of "transition to capitalism" is more than adequate time to judge the performance and impact of capitalist politicians, privatizations, free market policies and other restoration measures on the economy, society and general welfare of the population. Economic Performance: Growth, Employment and Poverty Under communism the economic decisions and property were national and publicly owned. Over the past 15 years of the transition to capitalism almost all basic...show more content... Moreover economic inequalities have grown geometrically with 1% of the top income bracket controlling 80% of private assets and more than 50% of income while poverty levels exceed 50% or even higher. In the former USSR, especially south–central Asian republics like Armenia, Georgia, and Uzbekistan, living standards have fallen by 80%, almost one fourth of the population has out–migrated or become destitute and industries, public treasuries and energy sources have been pillaged. The scientific, health and educational systems have been all but destroyed. In Armenia, the number of scientific researchers declined from 20,000 in 1990 to 5,000 in 1995, and continues on a downward slide (National Geographic, March 2004). From being a center of Soviet high technology, Armenia today is a country run by criminal gangs in which most people live without central heat and electricity. In Russia the pillage was even worse and the economic decline was if anything more severe. By the mid 1990's, over 50% of the population (and even more outside of Moscow and St. Peterburg – formerly Leningrad) lived in poverty, homelessness increased and universal comprehensive health and education services collapsed. Never in peace–time modern history has a country fallen so quickly and profoundly as is the case of capitalist Russia. The economy was "privatized" – that is, it was taken over by Russian gangsters led by the eight billionaire oligarchs who shipped over $200 billion dollars out of Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Socialism Essay Socialism Socialism is the economic theory or system, in which the community owns the means of production, distribution, and exchange collectively, usually through the state. It is characterized by production for use rather than profit, by equality of individual wealth, by the absence of competitive economic activity, and, usually, by government determination of investment, prices and production levels. It is collective because society can control production unlike capitalism and because production is for the common good rather than for individual profit. At the same time it is individual because workers are no longer a large alienated group of people employed by a minority of owners. Work becomes a free and self–affirming activity...show more content... An argument against socialism is because of this lack of a profit motive the society cannot advance. Assuming this statement is true…it really is the point of socialism. Socialism's purpose is not to have an overabundance or surplus of goods. It is when a surplus occurs when social classes are more defined. Under socialism a lack of profit motive would ensure everyone is getting exactly what he or she needs. Now let us examine if a lack of a profit motive is bad. Let us take a steel worker under a capitalist state. Te steel worker receives zero profit from the work he puts out. The profit he works for goes directly to the owner of the plant, mill, or mine. Why, then, does the worker work? If profit is not his incentive, what is? Most people, in capitalist society, work because they have to. If they didn't work, they couldn't eat. It's that simple. They work, not for profits, but for wages, in order to obtain food, clothing, and shelter. There would be the same impulse to work under socialism—people would work in order to earn a living thus disproving a lack of advancement theory…yet another reason why the working class would support socialism. Socialism offers additional incentives to work which capitalism cannot offer. Under capitalism the result of any extra effort is not public benefit but private profit. Under socialism, however, the appeal to work hard and well is based on the grounds that it is society as a Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. A Capitalist Economy vs Socialist Economy Essay A Capitalist Economy vs Socialist Economy There are a variety of economic systems today, which can influence how prosperous we will be as individuals or as a group. Socialism is an economic system where the government will be greatly involved in the economy. In a socialist economy the government can control many industries, provide public institutions such as health care and education, and equalize incomes of the population. A socialist economy is one of low unemployment and stability, where the government sets production quotas and price regulation upon their perception of the needs of the economy. On the other hand, a capitalistic economy is an economic system where there is a very limited amount of government involvement....show more content... Also, in social economies governments set price regulations, therefore reducing the total profit on products. The effect of control of the economy limits the direction in which the economy will grow. Secondly, the restrictions by the government in a social economy cause slow growth. Since the incomes of the population are distributed equally, people lose the personal initiative to better themselves because others will be gaining the benefits if they work hard themselves. This concept of bettering oneself then helping society doesn't exist, but bettering society then helping oneself does exist. For example, in a factory no one would take an administration title if they were getting the same salary as someone who was involved in labour, resulting in the higher demand for administrators, but no perks to retrieve them. Since the government equalizes the population's income people spend less on technology therefore depressing the production of new technology. Furthermore, when socialist governments restrict the production in the economy, room for a black market is formed in order to provide a variety of products from other countries. The money spent in the black markets isn't put towards the national economy, thus contracting consumerism in the national economy, which in turn slows down the economy. Overall, the restrictions of a social Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Socialism Thesis PART I: Topic overview & annotated guiding research I choose to research Socialism, because of a man by the name of Bernie Sanders who seeks to become the next President of the United States. I wanted to know how socialism helps the common working man and why it has negative connotations, but the positivity it really has. My questions are: What is Democratic Socialism? How has Democratic Socialism worked in a government? Why does Democratic Socialism bring negative connotations? How has Democratic Socialism affected America? PART II: Thesis & setting up the conversation In the discussion of Democratic Socialism. One controversial issue has been that socialism is the greatest threat to America and even the world, but is that true? On one...show more content... Puschak goes into great detail the advantages of what a democratic socialist country entail, those being housing, food, healthcare, and education. Puschak gave a great example of Finland's socialist education, by stating that everyone is given the same opportunity to succeed or fail regardless if their socioeconomic status. Puschak's view on socialism was really surprising, and in fact gave me some good points to use. He also did a really good job at what democratic socialism brings, as well as what Marxism–Leninism socialism brings. Lastly, Puschak ending analogy was perfect, it presented the basic misinterpretation that everyone has, and exposed Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. National Socialism Essay The rise of National Socialism in post–WWI Germany is an understandable reaction to the problems of the Versailles Peace Treaty, considering the German attitudes and beliefs at the time. These attitudes and beliefs were the result of generations of Prussian militarism, extreme racist nationalism, and, most importantly, the failure of the Treaty of Versailles signed in June of 1919. The rise of the Nazi party, and their extremist National Socialist doctrine appealed directly to these attitudes and beliefs that permeated Germany society after the first World War. Since the unification of Germany in the late 19th century, attitudes of nationalism, Prussian militarism and expansionism saturated German society. As one can clearly see in the...show more content... Unemployment was widespread and a whole generation of young Germans was left hopeless and without direction. For many Germans during these terrible times, mere survival was a challenge. This wretched condition is apparent in Heinrich Hauser's description of Germany's unemployed who lined the highways, homeless and destitute, with no place to go. As he describes it, "unskilled young people, for the most part... had been unable to find a place for themselves in any city or town in Germany, and... had never had a job and never expected to have one." Germany had been forced to her knees. It was these grave conditions that set up the Nazis' rise to power. Feeding on the emotions of the German populace, especially the disenchanted youth of Germany, the National Socialist movement swept through the country. Preaching a doctrine of ultra–nationalism and Germanic racial superiority, the supreme leader of the National Socialist movement, Adolf Hitler, appealed to the age–old attitudes and beliefs of the German people. Continuing the Prussian militaristic tradition, Hitler called for a full mobilization of German society with the ultimate purpose of territorial expansion. He wanted to eliminate all opposition within Germany and unite all German peoples towards the same goal, German world supremacy. He envisioned a fully mobilized Germany, void of internal conflict and inefficiency, which would create employment for all Germans, who would work for a greater German society. As Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Utopian And Scientific Socialism Comparison Socialism is a way of controlling the economy, in which the government owns and runs all of the businesses of a society. Socialism can be broken up into two different categories: Utopian Socialism and Scientific Socialism. These two types have some similar views, but also are very different in certain ways. For example, Utopian Society is basically a peaceful way to get what you want whereas Scientific Socialism, which was what Karl Marx represented, held the belief that the only way to get what you want is through revolution. These views of socialism held the total opposite views of a man named Adam Smith, who believed in capitalism, and who wrote the book, The Wealth of Nations. There was agreement between the two different forms of...show more content... Now, it is time to take a look at the differences in the views of Utopian Socialism and Scientific Socialism. Utopian Socialism arose in the latter half of the 18th Century. These socialists viewed the distribution of wealth as unfair. They believed that the nobles and upper class mistreated the working class. They complained of low wages, bad management and basically all of the conflicts which have risen due to competition, capitalism, and a free market. Utopian Socialists were given this name because the nature of their solution was to basically create a "perfect" society. A society in which the government, nobles, and upper class would give up their titles to live in a classless society where equality was key. A French man by the name of Pierre Proudhon was in a feud with Karl Marx, and wrote a book called What Is Property?. In it he answered that property was theft, and he had called for an end to private riches. (Heilbroner 153). Utopian Socialists also believed in the "Golden Rule," that is, do unto others what you would like done to you. There was no room for bitterness towards other people. They were also very patient in the area of getting what they want. They thought that nothing in life happens quickly and easily. It can be said that they believed in Darwin's "Theory of Evolution," so to speak. They knew that what they wanted to achieve would come slowly, but surely. They would also never resort to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Life In The Soviet Union During The 60's The life in the U.S compared to that of the Soviet Union during the 60's is an amazing phenomenon of a declining life expectancy in a highly developed country just like in the case of the Soviet Union during the 60's down to the 70's. The result of the life expectancy rate in the Soviet Union shows that there is only a small part to true informal changes in the state of living. However, the weak point of the measures of life expectancy is of vital importance, although another factor is the unfavourable selection of risks by war, thereby making a less valuable comparison between the international and inter temporal. Another factor is the logical difference between period and the measurement of the group of people sharing a common factor...show more content... Dinkel R.H. further stated that in the 1964 the trend later reversed in that the life expectancy in the Soviet Union for women remained moderately steady, and that of the men counterpart went down dramatically. Furthermore, Dinkel noted that most of the western sources blamed this change on the growing abuse of alcohol and poor health care thus the implicit embracement by the Soviet Union authorities. Ideology of socialism and communism Socialism and communism are ideological principles that have many distinguishing features in addition to many shared characteristics; however, it is complicated to distinguish the accurate differences between them, as various societies have tried embarking on the dissimilar nature of both systems in innumerable forms, thereby, making many zealous supporter of ideology with different agendas defining both systems in a biased term. Accordingly, one idea or fact that is often raised to differentiate socialism from communism is that socialism in general is the political movement that refers to an economic system in that they believe that the state should be in charge of all important producing industries thus taking hold of the control of free market in order to promote economic parity and egalitarianism. Theoretically, socialism seeks to distribute wealth equally among its citizens in a way that the rich don't take Get more content on HelpWriting.net