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Ch 6 ppt examples
- 1. Restrictive Relative Clauses Sample Diagrams from Ch. 6 of Doing Grammar
- 2. My folks don’t like the guy I’m dating now EXAMPLE I
- 3. My folks don’t like the guy I’m dating now My folks do not like the guy I am dating now
- 4. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N
- 5. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N As you label the initial parts of speech, try to look for the restrictive relative clause. Here, you’ll see that it is “the guy I am dating now,” which is one unit functioning as the Direct Object of the main verb, “do not like.”
- 6. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N I’m going to focus on the restrictive relative clause first, but you’re welcome to diagram the more familiar parts of the sentence first if you wish to!
- 7. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N Ultimately, I know that by definition, these clauses have a NP:Subj and a VP: Predicate. They are labeled as Relative Clause: Adj (RelCl: Adj), but I can think of it kind of like a sentence within a sentence.
- 8. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP
- 9. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj
- 10. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj Remember that “the guy I am dating now” is one phrase, so we have to join “the guy” to “I am dating now. This is why we label “the guy” as an NP: Head, as in, the head of the complete noun phrase.
- 11. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj NP: Head
- 12. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj NP: Head NP: DObj
- 13. One potential point of confusion: There is no evident relative pronoun in this sentence, though there will be in most of these clauses. The person could write, “My parents don’t like the guy that I’m dating right now,” but they didn’t. So you can imagine that the relative pronoun has been deleted, but it is “haunting” the sentence! We will see it re-emerge in other examples. We just don’t always require the relative pronoun in English. (The answer key points out that the absence of the relative pronoun here is because “I’m dating now” derives from I’m dating someone now, and my parents don’t like the guy whom I’m dating.)
- 14. Now we can take care of the rest of the sentence…
- 15. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj NP: Head NP: DObj
- 16. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj NP: Head NP: DObj MV NP Subj
- 17. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj NP: Head NP: DObj MV NP Subj VP
- 18. My folks do not like the guy I am dating now Adv: Time BE AUX VT PresPart PersProNDefArt Det NP Subj VTDO NEG AUX PossPro Det N MV PresProg VP RelCl: Adj NP: Head NP: DObj MV NP Subj VP S
- 19. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival EXAMPLE II This next sentence is, I think, a pretty close standard representation of a restrictive relative clause – relative pronoun and all! Let’s take a look….
- 20. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival This time, let’s knock the easy stuff out of the way first!
- 21. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: Subj BE VP
- 22. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: Subj BE VP (We’ve seen this det + adj + N structure so many times, I don’t mind if you do the triangle! As long as you practice “obnoxious precision” ;-) with the clauses!)
- 23. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: Subj BE VP Now to the clause. Remember that “a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival” is one phrase built of an NP Head + Relative Clause: Adj. Ask yourself what to substitute into each part of that equation, and you’ll recognize that we need to diagram “a cancer” plus “which threatens the nation’s survival,” and then combine the two at the end!
- 24. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: Subj BE VP You’re welcome to knock out the easy part first, if it makes sense to you! NP: Head
- 25. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: Subj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj Important step!
- 26. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj
- 27. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj VT VP
- 28. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj VT VP The trick is remembering the constructions: The complete phrase is “a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival.” That is NP Head + RelCl: Adj. The construction for the RelCl: Adj includes an NP and a VP. And so… (next slide)
- 29. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj VT VP RelCl: Adj
- 30. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj VT VP RelCl: Adj We’ve taken care of “a cancer” and “which threatens the nation’s survival.” Now we need to join them as one NP!
- 31. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj VT VP RelCl: Adj NP
- 32. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj VT VP RelCl: Adj NP: Subj Comp Remember your verb types? So far in class we’ve been calling the predicate of a BE-verb a “subject complement,” (the book says “predicate noun.” Either is fine). But here, there is an equivalency: the drug epidemic = a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival
- 33. The drug epidemic is a cancer which threatens the nation’s survival NP: DObj BE VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: Subj VT VP RelCl: Adj NP: Subj Comp S
- 34. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy ONE MORE! Ready?
- 35. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy What is the NP Subj of the main sentence? The VP? Which part is the restricted relative clause? The relative pronoun?
- 36. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: Subj VP
- 37. Senior citizens WHO have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: Subj (WHO is the relative pronoun. The bold part is the restrictive relative clause.)
- 38. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy Let’s knock out the easy stuff first again!
- 39. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI
- 40. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason
- 41. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP
- 42. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP Now back to the relative clause!
- 43. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head
- 44. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj
- 45. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N
- 46. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N We can’t avoid diagramming this forever
- 47. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart
- 48. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart MV: Present Perfect
- 49. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart MV: Present Perfect Gotta label that tense and aspect!
- 50. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart MV: Present Perfect VP
- 51. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart MV: Present Perfect VP RelCl: Adj
- 52. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart MV: Present Perfect VP RelCl: Adj NP: Subj
- 53. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart MV: Present Perfect VP RelCl: Adj NP: Subj Subject for the whole Sentence. This is different than the NP: Subj for the Relative Clause below!!
- 54. Senior citizens who have suffered strokes come to the clinic for speech therapy NP: ObjPrep P NP: ObjPrep PVI PP: Adv Location PP: Adv Reason VP NP: Head RelPro NP: Subj NP: DObj N VT HAVE AUX PastPart MV: Present Perfect VP RelCl: Adj NP: Subj S
- 55. END Designed for Engl 442; UI; Spring ‘20; Professor Brian Malone Sentences from chapter 6 of Doing Grammar, 5th edition