Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
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8. What is society?
What drives human beings to establish societies?
The human person by nature is a “social being”.
Throughout a person’s life, he or she experiences
a variety of relationships that help shape him or
her as a person.
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13. The Human Person in the Society plays a vital
role in promoting the universal idea that
humans have roles and responsibilities in their
respective community and in the society as a
whole.
14. Intersubjectivity occurs in society.
It is the choice of human beings to form society,
founded first by developing relationships.
Society and its various aspects provide
support that ensures the development of
the human person.
15. Humans beings are driven to develop a
relationship through the following 6
elements.
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18. “Man is a social
and political being”
-Aristotle
38. The view that persons' moral and/or
political obligations are dependent upon a
contract or agreement among them to form
the society in which they live.
39. During the Age of Enlightenment, social
philosophers studied the natural laws that
govern human societies.
Plato is perhaps the first philosopher to
offer a representation of the argument at
the heart of social contract theory.
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41. Its edicts were not virtuous. Socrates did not find
himself obligated to carry out the mission and
arrest the man and endanger his life because of
it. He did not break the laws of a just
government, therefore, he did not seek to
persuade, either.
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44. Enlightenment philosophers such as
Thomas Hobbes, John Locke,and Jean
Jacques Rousseau were among the most
prominent social theorists who tackled the
origins of human soc iety.
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47. Social Contract Theory (Hobbes)
Persons in their natural states are governed
by their desires and those often lead to
conflict and those often lead to conflict
with their fellowmen.
Hobbes believes that in order to attain
social order, one must sacrifice natural
rights for interpersonal rights.
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50. Social Contract Theory (Locke)
People in their natural states are more
cooperative and reasonable, and that
society is formed through the consent of
the individuals that organized it."
Locke's social contract is a covenant along
individuals to cooperate and share the
burden of upholding the welfare of society.
52. Social Contract Theory (Rousseau)
Advocate the concept of "general will"
Based on the assumption that the people
have empowered the government to act on
their behalf, and that it is considered to be
the best judge of what is most beneficial for
society.
53. Social Contract Theory (Rawls)
Introduced the concept of the original
position in which he imagined humans as
having a "veil of ignorance" -no knowledge
of one's own characteristics such as gender,
race, or social status.
In this state, humans would naturally seek a
just and fair society to look out for their
own interests.
55. There are two of social
interaction in the society:
Personal and Transactional
Jurger Habernas
56. Personal
Commucative Action
Based on shared interact and regard
with each other.
Cooperation>Competition
Subject to Subject:
Maintaining a good and mutual
relationship between people.
57. Transactional
Instrumental Action
Action Based on accomplishment of
one's goal and objectives
Competion>Cooperation
Object to Subject
Attainment of individuals aim and
purpose using others.
86. Tribal and Feudal
Norms are decided by the leaders
People are less knowledgeable about
their individual rights
Likeness and sameness of people are
very evident
87. It is the social integration of members of
a society who have common values and
beliefs. These common values and
beliefs constitute a “collective
conscience” that works internally in
individual members to cause them to
cooperate.
88. Modern Industrialized
There is an awareness of individuality
and autonomy of person
People have a good relationship with
each other
89. Organic solidarity is social cohesion based
upon the dependence individuals have on
each other in more advanced societies. It
comes from the interdependence that arises
from specialization of work and the
complementarities between people
93. The person and also the society has a
very strong relationship in which one
couldn't exist without the other.
Society influences each of our
development as persons in so many
different ways.
94. Norms
A norm i s a set of traits and behavior
that our society consider acceptable.
When the members of the society do
not conform to establish norms, one
person can experience negative
effects, such as punishments of social
stigma.
95. Norms
Norms are one of the many ways that
society regulates behavior to establish
proper social order.
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104. Generation gap
"• The generation gap is a difference
of opinions between one generation
and another regarding beliefs, politic
s, or values."
106. The person and also the society has a
very strong relationship in which one
couldn't exist without the other.
Society influences each of our
development as persons in so many
different ways.
107. Norms
A norm i s a set of traits and behavior
that our society consider acceptable.
When the members of the society do
not conform to establish norms, one
person can experience negative
effects, such as punishments of social
stigma.
108. Norms
Norms are one of the many ways that
society regulates behavior to establish
proper social order.
109. Laws
Laws are more formal and stringent
norms that establish and define
acceptable behavior of citizens
110. Folkways
Folkways are less forma l norms that
arise from tradition and do not result in
punishment when violated
111. Social system
A social system is an organized or
patterned set of relationships among
individuals and groups that compose
society
112. Social role
Social roles are actions and behaviors
expected of a certain individual
113. Social groups or social classes
Social groups or social classes are
groups of individuals who share
similar backgrounds or perform similar
roles
114. Social institution
A social institution consists of a group
of people who have come together for
a common purpose.
115. Social values
• Social values are a set of principles
that are morally acceptable to society.
116. Generation gap
"• The generation gap is a difference
of opinions between one generation
and another regarding beliefs, politic
s, or values."