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1. AUTOMOBILE
1. Introduction
2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
What is automobile?
Design
Body
Engine
Fuel
Electric system
3. Booking automation for automobile.
4. Process automation for automobile manufacture.

2. 1 | P a g e
1. Introduction
The modern automobile is a complex technical system employing
subsystems with specific design functions. Some of these consist of
thousands of component parts that have evolved from breakthroughs in
existing technology or from new technologies such as electronic computers,
high-strength plastics, and new alloys of steel and nonferrous metals. Some
subsystems have come about as a result of factors such as air pollution safety
legislation, and competition between manufacturers throughout the world.

3. 2 | P a g e
2. What is automobile?
automobile, byname auto, also called motorcar or car, a usually four-wheeled
vehicle designed primarily for passenger transportation and commonly
propelled by an internal-combustion engine using a volatile fuel.
2.1 Design
The modern automobile is a complex technical system employing
subsystems with specific design functions. Some of these consist of
thousands of component parts that have evolved from breakthroughs in
existing technology or from new technologies such as electronic computers,
high-strength plastics, and new alloys of steel and nonferrous metals. Some
subsystems have come about as a result of factors such as air pollution, safety
legislation, and competition between manufacturers throughout the world.
(automobile)

4. 3 | P a g e
2.2 Body
Automotive body designs are frequently categorized according to the
number of doors, the arrangement of seats, and the roof structure.
Automobile roofs are conventionally supported by pillars on each side of
the body. Convertible models with retractable fabric tops rely on the pillar
at the side of the windshield for upper body strength, as convertible
mechanisms and glass areas are essentially nonstructural. Glass areas have
been increased for improved visibility and for aesthetic reasons.
(automobile assembly line)
The high cost of new factory tools makes it impractical for manufacturers to
produce totally new designs every year. Completely new designs usually
have been programmed on three- to six-year cycles with generally minor
refinements appearing during the cycle. In the past, as many as four years
of planning and new tool purchasing were needed for a completely new
design. Computer-aided design (CAD), testing by use of computer
simulations, and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) techniques may
now be used to reduce this time requirement by 50 percent or
more. See machine tool: Computer-aided design and computer-aided
manufacturing (CAD/CAM).

5. 4 | P a g e
2.3 Engine
A wide range of engines has been used experimentally and in automotive
production. The most successful for automobiles has been the gasoline-
fueled reciprocating-piston internal-combustion engine, operating on a
four-stroke cycle, while diesel engines are widely used for trucks and buses.
The gasoline engine was originally selected for automobiles because it could
operate more flexibly over a wide range of speeds, and the power developed
for a given weight engine was reasonable; it could be produced by
economical mass-production methods; and it used a readily available,
moderately priced fuel. Reliability, compact size, exhaust emissions, and
range of operation later became important factors.
2.4 Fuel
Specially formulated gasoline is essentially the only fuel used for automobile
operation, although diesel fuels are used for many trucks and buses and a few
automobiles, and compressed liquefied hydrogen has been used
experimentally. The most important requirements of a fuel for automobile use
are proper volatility, sufficient antiknock quality, and freedom from polluting
by-products of combustion. The volatility is reformulated seasonally by
refiners so that sufficient gasoline vaporizes, even in extremely cold weather,
to permit easy engine starting. Antiknock quality is rated by the octane
number of the gasoline. The octane number requirement of an automobile
engine depends primarily on the compression ratio of the engine but is also
affected by combustion-chamber design, the maintenance condition of engine
systems, and chamber-wall deposits.

6. 5 | P a g e
2.5 Electrical system
The electrical system comprises a storage battery, generator, starting
(cranking) motor, lighting system, ignition system, and various accessories
and controls. Originally, the electrical system of the automobile was limited
to the ignition equipment. With the advent of the electric starter on a 1912
Cadillac model, electric lights and horns began to replace the kerosene and
acetylene lights and the bulb horns.
(automobile electrical system)

7. 6 | P a g e
Booking automation for automobile
Our client is a premier automotive group, with a centralized network for
distributing, retailing, and providing after-sales services for new and pre-
owned vehicles in Southeast Asia for more than a century. They have
become Singapore’s largest certified pre-owned car dealer (Republic Auto)
and the distributor for BYD forklifts, the largest Mercedes-Benz dealer in
Malaysia with 13 network outlets and the distributor and dealer of Mazda
and Mercedes-Benz passenger vehicles along with FUSO commercial
vehicles in Myanmar.

8. 7 | P a g e
Process automation for automobile
manufacture
Our client is an automobile manufacturer, third-ranking two-wheeler
Company in India and one among Asia’s top five two-wheeler
manufacturers with more than 44 million + customers to date. With the
widest range of 2-wheelers, varying from scooters, commuter motorcycles,
to racing-inspired bikes, exports in more than 60 countries, selling around
3 million units annually and an annual capacity of over 4.95 million
vehicles. They are well known for innovative ideas, the latest in technology,
reliable customer service, and eco-friendly products.

9. 8 | P a g e
ABOUT
We are your Strategic IT Partner in development of reliable and scalable IT
solutions for any OS, browser and device. We bring together deep industry
expertise and the latest IT advancements to deliver custom solutions and
products that perfectly fit the needs and behavior of your target audience.
Skype :: biztechnosys
AUS :: +61 4684 88455
INDIA :: +91 77600 97778
Email :: info@biztechnosys.com
We are your Strategic IT Partner in development of reliable and scalable IT solutions for any OS,
browser and device. We bring together deep industry expertise and the latest IT advancements to
deliver custom solutions and products that perfectly fit the needs and behavior of your target audience.
Skype :: biztechnosys
AUS :: +61 4684 88455
INDIA :: +91 77600 97778
Email :: info@biztechnosys.com
We are your Strategic IT Partner in development of reliable and scalable IT solutions for any OS,
browser and device. We bring together deep industry expertise and the latest IT advancements to
deliver custom solutions and products that perfectly fit the needs and behavior of your target audience.
Skype :: biztechnosys
AUS :: +61 4684 88455
INDIA :: +91 77600 97778
Email :: info@biztechnosys.com
We are your Strategic IT Partner in development of reliable and scalable IT solutions for any OS,
browser and device. We bring together deep industry expertise and the latest IT advancements to
deliver custom solutions and products that perfectly fit the needs and behavior of your target audience.
Skype :: biztechnosys
AUS :: +61 4684 88455
INDIA :: +91 77600 97778
Email :: info@biztechnosys.com

10. 9 | P a g e
We are your Strategic IT Partner in development of reliable and scalable IT solutions for any OS,
browser and device. We bring together deep industry expertise and the latest IT advancements to
deliver custom solutions and products that perfectly fit the needs and behavior of your target audience.
Skype :: biztechnosys
AUS :: +61 4684 88455
INDIA :: +91 77600 97778
Email :: info@biztechnosys.com