Abstract

1. ABSTRACT
The useful guidelines/tips to prepare our abstract of a research paper effectively.
1. It is generally a short version of a article.
2. There are two types
a. Indicative abstract
b. Information abstract
A. Indicative abstract:
It list of topics in the document.
B. Information abstract:
It presents quantitative and qualitative information covered in the document.
3. It usually mentions the documents
 Purpose
 Scope
 Methodologies
 Result
 Conclusion
4. It is written as single paragraph
5. It should be written in past tense
6. It should have 150-300 words only
7. It should be written after the completion of entire research paper.
8. It does not contain name of the author/authors
9. It should be followed by key words (technical words).
10. It should have minimum 5 key words

2. Define outline.
The outline has explained inch 3 is a basic structure which helps in organization of
information thesis fact shall contain chapter numbers and proposed names their subheads within
each subheads major points that needs to be discussed in detail. once you have a chapter by
chapter plan ready thesis writing will no longer seem an unachievable task.
Once a basic structure is ready; it is necessary to discuss with your guide who will have
important insights to give this will improve your quality of thesis and provide your guide with an
outline which helps him compare your overall thesis.
Tips to prepare an outline of technical writing
1. Read the text /know the purpose
2. Suit the apt title
3. Under line all the ideas, using pencil in the text
4. Prepare a list of important ideas examples etc
5. Suit the sub title for them
6. Organize them logically
7. Review it care fully
8. Prepare an outline in standard format
9. Recheck whether any points / ideas are missing
10. Double check the spelling grammar , punctuation , marks
11. Avoid using
 Articles
 Proposition
 Connectives
 Repeated words

3.  Same sentence form
12. List out the power full points only
13. Avoid over writing
14. Finalize it after these steps
15. Submit it on time
By
K. BHUVANA