2. Population Growth
There are two things that affect the population size of the world:
• Birth rate- the number of babies born per thousand of the population
per year.
• Death rate- the number of deaths per thousand of the population per
year.
When birth rate is higher than death rate, more people are being born
than they are dying, so the population grows. This is called natural
increase.
When the death rate is higher than the birth rate it is called natural
decrease.
3. Indonesia
• Indonesia is a country made up of thousands of islands. It has the
fourth largest population of any country in the world- over 240
million.
• The population isn’t distributed evenly- most people live on the island
of Java.
• This has led to social and economic problems on the densely
populated islands.
For example:
Lack of adequate services and housing as well as unemployment and
poverty.
4. Solution
• The Indonesian government started a policy in the 1960s called the
transmigration policy, which aims to reduce the impacts of population
growth.
5. Australia
• Australia has a sparse population- it has 23 million
• The aborigines (native Australians) have lived in Australia for over
40,000 years. They represent 1% of the population.
• The reason Australia is so sparsely populated is because:
1. There is access to contraception.
2. Women are putting there careers first.
3. Women are marrying later.
