Andrew Goodwins rules with 3 music videos used to illustrate how to identify and analyse the rules.

1. By Benjamin Kazem

2. Andrew Goodwintheory
 Music videos usually include a demonstration of
typical genre characteristics
 There is a protagonist which is the centre of attention
 There is a relationship between the lyrics and the
visuals
 There is a relationship between the music and the
visuals
 A narrative/performance/concept of the song in the
video
 Inter-textual references

3. Kanye West - Mercy
In the song it says “He take his time, he counts it out,
I weighs it up, that’s real money”
The song fits the
genre of hip-hop
with various rap
verses from Kanye
West and other
artists featured.
The song ‘Mercy’ is written by Kanye west, Sean
Anderson, Terrence Thornton and other writers. It
was produced by Lifted and Mike WiLL Made It.

4. Music videos usually include a demonstration of typical genre
characteristics
Mercy is a hip-hop American rap and the music video’s genre is image.
We can tell it focus on image as we can see throughout the whole video
a black and white sense of clothing and style is given.
It focuses on each of their faces and what
clothes they are wearing as we can see in
the image. This shows it is strongly an
image genre music video.
We can also see that it is a video which
involves a group which gives more of an
image as to what the rappers look like
and how they dress and act.

5. There is a relationship between the
lyrics and the visuals
In Mercy, Kanye West and all the artists
featured rap about ‘Lamborghini Mercy’.
As we can see in the video, as those lyrics
come to play, they pan across showing a
Lamborghini in the background which is
a reference.
When the line ‘She go wherever I go’ is
rapped, it shows us in the video a woman
looking back upon the person who is
rapping that verse. This is another direct
relationship between the music and a
visual in the music video.

6. There is a relationship between the
music and the visuals
This relationship is shown throughout
the video. As one person in the video is
rapping, such as Kanye West, the camera
follows at the pace in which he is walking
around. However when it goes ‘O-o-o-o-
okay’ in the song and it is about to switch
to another verse/rapper, then the camera
speeds up to another side of the room to
another person.
Those in the video also dance to the beat
of the music by bending their knees and
using their hands to illustrate the beat of
the song.

7. A narrative/performance/concept
of the song in the video
The music video is shown to be a
performance genre.
This is because of Kanye West and other
rappers Big Sean, Pusha T and 2 Chainz
being filmed whilst lip syncing to the
lyrics and dancing to the beat through
the majority of the song.

8. Intertextual-references
Kanye West tweeted a photo of a
Lamborghini in a black and white filter
to promote the music video. The music
video has lyrics of ‘Lamborghini Mercy’
throughout the whole video.
The Lamborghini is also shown in the
background as the rappers are in the
foreground, serving as an inter-textual
refrence.

9. Maroon 5 - Sugar
This song fits the genre of pop/rock music.
The music video genre for this song is
performance as it involves Maroon 5
performing in the video with the use of
instruments as props.
The song is written by Adam Levine,
Joshua Coleman, Lukasz Gottwald, Jacob
Kasher, Hindlin, Mike Posner and Henry
Walter. It was released on January 13, 2015.

10. Music videos usually include a demonstration of typical genre
characteristics
Sugar is pop/rock (dominant pop) and the music video’s genre is
performance.
We can tell it focuses on performance as we can see the band
performing together with the use of their instruments and lip syncing
and an audience watching them.
As we can see in the left photo it shows the band performing as a whole
giving the impression it is a live performance, and showing the singer
in front of the audience in the right photo.

11. There is a relationship between the
lyrics and the visuals
In the song it says ‘Yeah you show me
good loving’ and at the same time the
video is showing the video of couples
dancing together. This is a direction
relationship between the lyrics and the
visuals.
Throughout the music video they have also used the narrative to help
make it obvious there is a relationship between the lyrics and the visuals
as the mise-en-scene tells us that there is a wedding and it makes it
easier for the audience to pick up the relationship from the lyrics.

12. There is a relationship between the
music and the visuals
This relationship is shown throughout
the video. As the video starts, it shows
them (the whole of Maroon 5) driving in
a car. The song is quite slow, however as
they get to the venue they are playing at
the song becomes much more upbeat,
and as it does many people come and
crowd around in the audience and join in
by dancing.

13. A narrative/performance/concept
of the song in the video
The music video is a combination of both
narrative and performance, mostly being
performance however.
We can tell this by the stills which show
in the music video the narrative as a gig
being played at a wedding, however the
performance of Maroon 5 doing the gig is
dominant as lip syncing is shown and
instruments being played. They are the
centre of attention which can be shown
by the lighting and camera shot angles.

14. Inter-textual references
The idea of the music video was triggered
by the film ‘Wedding Crashers’ as the
music video involved Maroon 5 crashing
as many weddings as possible to play at.
They start by driving together and seeing
a van parked outside a ballroom and
decide to crash it and play a gig there for
the wedding.

15. Wiz Khalifa – See You Again
The song was written by DJ Frank E, Charlie Puth,
Wiz Khalifa and Andrew Cedar
The song fits the
genre of hip-hop
with Wiz Khalifa
being dominant in
the song and
Charlie Puth
singing alongside.
The song was written and produced for the film ‘Fast
and Furious 7’ and acts as a tribute to Paul Walker
who stars in the film.
Directed by Marc
Klasfeld

16. Music videos usually include a demonstration of typical genre
characteristics
See you Again is hip hop and the music video’s genre is
narrative/performance (dominantly narrative).
We can tell it focuses on narrative as we see clips of Paul Walker (the
person who the song/music video is a tribute to) from various of the
Fast and Furious films. However, it also shows the performance genre
as you can see both Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth lip syncing.
As we can see in the left photo it shows a clip of Paul Walker pulled
from one of the Fast & Furious moves, and in the right clip it shows
Wiz Khalifa singing.

17. There is a relationship between the
lyrics and the visuals
In the song it says ‘A friendship turn to a
bond, And that bond will never be
broken’ – this is referring to the
relationship between Paul Walker and
Vin Diesel, as they started as friends and
then bonded to the point where the
‘friendship cannot be broken’.
This is a direct relationship as in the video during those set of lyrics,
videos of Paul Walker and Vin Diesel are being shown. ‘Everything I
went through you were standing there by my side’ also shows a
relationship as all of the cast in Fast & Furious including Paul Walker are
walking in a row, illustrating the friendship they all had with him and
this shows it as a tribute.

18. There is a relationship between the
music and the visuals
This relationship is shown throughout
the video.
Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth have their
separate verses, and during each of their
verses, they are each filmed.
Other than this there is no relationship
between the music and the visuals as the
beat and rhythm of the song stays the
same.

19. A narrative/performance/concept
of the song in the video
The music video is a combination of both
narrative and performance, mostly being
narrative.
We can tell this by the stills which show
in the music video the narrative as scenes
of past Fast & Furious films are played
showing both older and the newest clips
of Paul Walker, resembling a tribute.
However the final still at the bottom
shows Wiz Khalifa performing, which is
in between the scenes in the music video.

20. Inter-textual references
The idea of the music video was to pay
tribute to the late Paul Walker, and was
produced for the new Fast & Furious film
‘Furious 7’.
This is shown in both the lyrics and the
music video, as it has references to
‘friendship’ and having a ‘bond that will
never break’. This refers to the
relationship that Paul Walker had with
the Fast & Furious cast, but mostly with
Vin Diesel over any of the other cast as
they were close in real life and played
arguably the two most significant roles in
the films. The ending shows two cars
parting, symbolising the death of Paul.