Student of Superior Science College Peshawar Studied B.S (4 years) Zoology Naegleria Fowleri is a Brain Eating Amoeba causes Naegleriasis. A Serious Infective disease in which a perosn brain cell being eating by this parasite and the person dies in almost 2 weeks/

1. Topic
Submitted to
Presented by
Roll no.
Department of
Naegleria Fowleri
Prof. Saeed Ahmad
Basit
Z-23
Zoology

2.  An amoeba , Single celled living organism.
 Only 1 species of Naegleria infects people: (Naegleria
fowleri)
 Heat loving organism , Grows best at temperatures up to
115 °F
 The thermo-tolerant free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri
causing a fulminant (sudden and severe) brain infection
called Naegleriasis or Primary amebic Meningoencephalitis
(PAM) is a fatal disease.
 The amoeba was identified in the 1960s in Australia but
appears to have evolved in the United States.
Naegleria Fowleri
"Brain-Eating Amoeba"

3. Naegleria Fowleri

4.  Domain: Eukaryota
 Phylum: Percolozoa
 Class: Heterolobosea
 Order: Schizopyrenida
 Family: Vahlkampfiidae
 Genus: Naegleria
 Species: N. Fowleri
 Binomial name; Naegleria fowleri
Scientific Classification

5.  This microorganism is typically found in bodies
of warm freshwater, such as ponds, lakes,
rivers, and hot springs.
 It is also found in the soil near warm-water
discharges of industrial plants, and in un-
chlorinated or minimally-chlorinated
swimming pools.
 It can be seen in either an amoeboid or
temporary flagellate stage.
Habitat

6.  N. Fowleri occurs in three forms
Cyst stage
 The cyst form is spherical and about 7-15 µm in
diameter.
 They are smooth, and have a single-layered wall with
a single nucleus.
 Cysts are naturally resistant to environmental factors,
so as to increase the chances of survival until better
conditions occur.
Life cycle

7.  The Trophozoite is the feeding, dividing, and
infective stage for humans.
 The Trophozoites are characterized by a
nucleus.
 They travel by pseudopodia, which means
that they extend parts of their body's cell
membrane (the pseudopods) and then fill
them with plasma to force locomotion.
Trophozoite stage

8.  The flagellate is pear-shaped and biflagellate:
this means that it has two flagella.
 This stage can be inhaled into the nasal cavity
during swimming or diving.
 The flagellate form does not exist in human
tissue.
 Once inside the nasal cavity, the flagellated
form transforms into a trophozoite within a
few hours.
Flagellated Stage

9. Naegleria forms

10. Naegleria cyst & trophozoite

11. Reproduction

12.  The organism enters the nasal cavity when contaminated
water with amebae is aspirated.
 Naegleria fowleri ameba can travel up the nose and into the
brain.
Transmission

13. Transmission Pathway

14.  When it enters to Nose it has two Mission.
 First It Starts reproduction(Binary fission) to
increase their number.
 Second It starts eating our Brain cells.
 When water containing N. Fowleri is inhaled
through the nose, it then enters the nasal and
olfactory nerve tissue, traveling to the brain
through the cribriform plate.
Naegleria Fowleri on a Mission

15. Response to Immune System

16.  Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis(P.A.M.)
 It takes 1-9 days (average 5) for symptoms to appear.
 Symptoms; Headache, Fever, And Vomiting, Changes in
taste & Smell, Stiff Neck, Confusion & No Focus(Attention)
& Loss of Balance
 Death: occurs early; the entire clinical course extends beyond
3 to 6 days.
 133 people known to be infected in the U.S. since 1962,
 only three people survived.
Symptoms and pathogenesis

17. Prevention

18.  Be careful while Swimming in Warm Water, Swimming pool
etc.

19.  Wear Nose-Clips for Swimming.

20.  Use Chlorine in Swimming Pool

21.  Treatments Involve Surgery and Drugs
known as Impavido (But it is not very
effective).
 There is no such Vaccines for this
Disease.
Treatment

22. Fatality Rate

23. You cannot be infected with
Naegleria fowleri by drinking
contaminated water.
The infection cannot spread from
one person to another.
Naegleria fowleri is not found in salt
water, like the ocean.
Some Basic Information