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1. Realism in ComputerRealism in Computer
GraphicsGraphics
Presented by,
M. Baranitharan
Computer Science and Engineering
Kings College of Engineering

2. What is Computer Graphics?What is Computer Graphics?
Creation, Manipulation, and Storage of
geometric objects (modeling) and their
images (rendering)
Display those images on screens or
hardcopy devices
Image processing
Others: GUI, Haptics, Displays (VR)...

3. What drives computer graphics?What drives computer graphics?
Game Industry
◦ The newest driving force in CG
 Why? Volume and Profit
 This is why we have commodity GPUs
◦ Focus on interactivity
◦ Cost effective solutions
◦ Avoiding computating and other tricks
◦ Games drive the baseline
Slide information from Leonard McMillian's slides
http://www.cs.unc.edu/~mcmillan/comp136/Lecture1/compgraf.htm
l

4. What drives computer graphics?What drives computer graphics?
Medical Imaging and Scientific
Visualization
◦ Tools for teaching and diagnosis
 No cheating or tricks allowed
◦ New data representations and modalities
◦ Drive issues of precision and correctness
◦ Focus on presentation and interpretation of
data
◦ Construction of models from acquired data
Nanomanipulator, UNC
Joe Kniss, Utah Gordon Kindelman, Utah

5. What drives computer graphics?What drives computer graphics?
Computer Aided Design
◦ Mechanical, Electronic, Architecture,...
◦ Drives the high end of the hardware market
◦ Integration of computing and display
resources
◦ Reduced design cyles == faster systems,
sooner
ProEngineer, www.ptc.com

6. What is Computer Graphics?What is Computer Graphics?
Look at 5 areas
◦ Hardware
◦ Rendering
◦ Interaction
◦ Modeling
◦ Scientific Visualization
Slide information from Richard Riesenfeld

7. Hardware: Amazing ChangesHardware: Amazing Changes
Fundamental architecture shift
◦ Dual computing engines:
 CPU and GPU
 More in GPU than CPU

8. RenderingRendering
Many think/thought graphics
synonymous with rendering
Well researched
◦ Working on second and third order effects
◦ Fundamentals largely in place

9. RenderingRendering
Major areas:
◦ Ealiest: PhotoRealism
◦ Recent: Non-Photorealistic Graphics (NPR)
◦ Recent: Image-based Rendering (IBR)

10. Rendering RealismRendering Realism

11. Rendering RealismRendering Realism

12. Is Photorealism Everything?Is Photorealism Everything?

13. Image Based RenderingImage Based Rendering
Model light field
Do not have to model geometry
Good for complex 3D scenes
Can leave holes where no data is
available

14. 3D Scene Capture3D Scene Capture

15. 3D Scene Recreation3D Scene Recreation

16. InteractionInteraction
Way behind rest of graphic's
spectacular advances
Still doing WIMP:
◦ Windows, icons, menus, pull-downs/pointing
Once viewed as “soft” research
◦ Turns out to be one of hardest problems

17. Interaction still needs...Interaction still needs...
Better input devices
Better output devices
Better interaction paradigms
Better understanding of HCI
◦ Bring in psychologists

18. ModelingModeling
Many model reps
◦ Bezier, B-spline, box splines, simplex splines,
polyhedral splines, quadrics, super-quadrics,
implicit, parametric, subdivision, fractal, level
sets, etc (not to mention polygonal)

19. In This ClassIn This Class
Review rasterization, modeling,
viewing, lighting, texture mapping and
raytracing
GUI and Interaction in three-
dimensions

20. CONCLUSION:CONCLUSION:
In computer graphics the ray tracing is a techniqueorIn computer graphics the ray tracing is a techniqueor
generating an image by tracing the path of lightgenerating an image by tracing the path of light
through pixels in an image plane and simulating thethrough pixels in an image plane and simulating the
effects o its counters with virtual objects. It is aeffects o its counters with virtual objects. It is a
variety o optical effects such as reflection,scatteringvariety o optical effects such as reflection,scattering
etc…etc…