physical medicine and rehabiltation

1. CARDIO-PULMONARY SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
Dr.BALAMURUGAN
M.D. PMR

2. What are the main functions of the
cardiorespiratory system?
• Transport O2 to tissues and removal of waste
• Transport of nutrients to tissues
• Regulation of body temperature

3. What are the components of the
cardiorespiratory system?
• CARDIAC
Heart = a pump between external and
internal respiration
Blood Vessels = transportation
• RESPIRATORY
Respiratory passageways
Respiratory pump
Lungs = gas exchange

5. What is the main function
• Its primary role is to ensure proper cellular
functioning.
• Gas exchange between the body and the
atmosphere.
• Works intimately with the cardiovascular system
by providing a means to collect oxygen from the
environment and transport it to the
bloodstream.

6. COMPONENTS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The collection and transportation of oxygen is
made possible by the
Respiratory pump
Respiratory passageways.

7. Respiratory Pump
• Located in the thoracic cavity.
• Provides framework and flexibility to allow for
the expansion and compression needed for
ventilation.
• Ventilation comprises of two phases
Inspiratory (inhalation)
Expiratory (exhalation)

8. BONES
• Sternum
• Ribs
• Vertebrae
MUSCLES
Inspiratory muscles
Diaphragm
External intercostals
Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoid
Pectoralis minor
Expiratory muscles
Internal intercostals
Abdominal muscles

9. RESPIRATORY PASSAGES
• Air must have passageways to funnel it in and
out of the lungs for proper utilization.
• Respiratory passageways are divided into:
Conduction passageway
Respiratory passageway

10. CONDUCTION PASSAGEWAY
• Nasal cavity
• Oral cavity
• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Right and left pulmonary
bronchi
RESPIRATORY PASSAGEWAY
Alveoli
Alveolar sacs

12. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
The cardiovascular system is composed of
• Heart
• Blood
• Blood vessels.

13. What is the main function
• Transport of nutrients and oxygen to organs and
muscles
• Transport waste products to the liver, kidneys,
and lungs.

14. HEART
• A muscular pump that
rhythmically contracts to
push blood throughout the
body
• Heart muscle is termed
cardiac muscle and has
characteristics similar to
skeletal muscle.
• Cardiac muscle contraction
is involuntary.

15. BLOOD
• Medium to deliver and collect essential products
to and from the body’s tissues.
• Blood
- transports oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to
specific tissues and collects waste products
- Regulates body temperature
- Protects from injury and blood loss through its
clotting mechanism
- Provides specialized immune cells to fight
against foreign toxins within the body, controlling
disease and sickness

16. BLOOD VESSELS
• Blood vessels form a closed circuit of hollow tubes
that allow blood to be transported to and from the
heart.
• ARTERIES
- transport oxygenated blood away from the
heart.
EXCEPTION – PUL.ARTERY
• VEINS
- transport deoxygenated blood back to the
heart.
EXCEPTION – PUL.VEIN

17. CARDIO – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Cardiac and Respiratory systems co-ordinate
with each other to form cardio-respiratory
system.
• Respiratory system - provides the means to
gather oxygen from the environment and
transfer it to the blood.
• Cardiovascular system - provides the means to
transport oxygen to the tissues of the body.

18. CONCEPT OF CARDIO – PULMONARY
CIRCULATION

19. QUIZ
• What are components of cardiorespiratory
system?
• Which type of blood vessel carries oxygenated
blood? What are the exceptions?
• Where does the gaseous exchange between
oxygenated and deoxygenated blood take place?