2. BIRTH CONTROL
• Also known as, contraception, refers to methods or device used to
prevent pregnancy.
3. AIMS OF BIRTH CONTROL
• Prevents sperms from reach the egg.
• Inactivate or damage sperms.
• Prevent egg from been released each month.
• Alter the lining of the uterus, so that fertile egg does not attached to
it.
• Thicken the cervical mucus, so that sperm can’t pass through it easily.
4. METHODS OF BIRTH CONTROL
There are various types of birth control. They are;
i)Barrier method
ii)Short acting hormonal method
iii)Long acting hormonal method
iv)Sterilization
v)Spermicide or vaginal gel
vi)Fertility awareness method
5. BARRIER METHOD
This is the context of contraception, refers to the types birth control tha
creates a physical barrier between sperms and the egg, thereby
prevent fertilization and pregnancy. This method is design to be used
during sexual intercourse and can be used by both male and female.
example are;
• Condoms: These are the sheaths worn over the penis(male condoms)
or inserted into the vagina(female condoms) to prevent sperms from
reaching the egg.
• Diaphragms and cervical caps: These are the flexible device placed
over the cervix to block sperms from entering the uterus.
6. SHORT ACTING HORMONE METHOD
• It’s a type of birth control method that manipulates hormone levels in
the body to inhibit ovulation, thicken cervical mucus to prevent the
sperms from reaching the egg, and thin the uterine lining to make
implantation less likely.Examples are;
• Pills: These are oral medication contain synthetic hormone, that
prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus to block sperm.
• Patch: It’s a thin, adhesive patch worn on the skin, that release
hormones similar to those in pills.
7. LONG ACTING HORMONE METHOD
• This method involves the placement of device or implant that
continously releases hormones to prevent pregnancy. They are highly
reliable and convinient option. Examples are;
• Hormonal Intrauterine Device: This is a small T shape device placed
inside the uterus that releases hormones to prevent pregnancy.
• Copper IUD: This is a non hormonal device placed in the uterus and
work by releasing copper ions which are toxic to sperms and prevent
fertilisation.
8. STERILIZATION
• It’s a permanent form of contraception that involves surgical or non
surgical procedures to permanently prevent pregnancy. Examples are;
• Vasectomy: It’s a surgical procedure in which the vas deferens are cut,
tied, or sealed permanently to prevent the releaese of sperms.
• Tubal Ligation: It’s a surgical procedure in which the fallopian tube is
blocked, tied, or cut to permanently prevent prgnancy.
