2. No, I’ve never been to Paris.
Ever = in your entire lifetime
4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
(f) Have you ever been to Paris?
EVER and NEVER:
Never use for negative responses
3. (g)
SHORT ANSWER:
have / haven’t
Have you read all
of this article?
No, I haven’t. I
have only read a
few pages.
4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
4. (h)
SHORT ANSWER:
has / hasn’t
Yes, she has. She
did it after school.
Has Kyung
finished her
homework?
4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
8. Yes, he ___. He saw one near Cape Town,
4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
has
South Africa.
9. 4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
Tyler has taken his
first steps.
Zoe hasn’t walked
by herself yet.
10. (a) Micah has just gotten his first job.
(b) Leah has recently visited Singapore.
The activity occurred
before now or
sometime in the past.
4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
11. now
time?
X
before now
X
(a) Micah has just gotten his first job.
(b) Janelle has recently visited Singapore.
4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
12. (c) Mary has painted portraits many times.
(d) Her students have painted portraits twice.
activity repeated
before now, unspecified past times
4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
13. now
X
before now
XXX
4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
(c) Mary has painted portraits many times.
(d) Her students have painted portraits twice.
14. (e) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
OR
Tyler has taken his first steps already.
Use already in
affirmative statements
ALREADY:
4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
15. (f) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
YET:
Use yet in
negative statements
4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
16. (g) Has she already seen the movie?
Both ok in questions.
ALREADY and YET:
Has she seen the movie yet ?
Has she seen the movie already ?
4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
20. 4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
I had an angel fish
when I was a child.
I have had many other
fish since then.
21. 4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(a) They completed the game at 4:00.
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) They have already completed the game.
specific time
unspecified time
22. 4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old.
PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I have been to Nigeria three times.
specific time
unspecified time
23. 4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
PRESENT PERFECT
(f) Eli has been camping for 9 days.
(f) Eli has been camping since last Monday.
for activity began & ended in past
for / since activity began & continues
24. 4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?
We have been to Tokyo
many times.
OR
UNSPECIFIED
PRESENT
PERFECT
28. 4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(a) Dee has been working since 6 o’clock.
(b) She has been working for ten hours.
STATEMENT:
have/has + been + -ing
29. 4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(c) How long has she been working?
QUESTION FORM:
have/has + subject + been + -ing