SIMPLE AND EASY LANGUAGE WITH WITH MORE ATTRACTIVE COLOUR BASED ON TOPIC OF SIDE.. AND CLEAR PICTURES OF FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB.

1. Jai Narain Vyas University
Zoology department
M.Sc 2nd semester
2017
Law of thermodynamics or Food chain
Submitted by
Bharat Nogia

2. Fundamentals Of Ecology
• Oikos – environment , logs- study
• Ecosystem- A.G. Tansley (1935)
• Ecology –Ernst Haeckel
• “A basic and functional ecological
unit which includes all biotic and
abiotic components of a given area
and involves their mutual interaction”

3. Law of thermodynamics
1st law of thermodynamics-
According to this law
‘ energy can’t be created and can’t be
destroyed it can be transferred from one
form to another.
2nd law of thermodynamics-
‘ The entrophy of isolated system always
increases’
Energy flow is alwas unidirectional .

4. 10 % energy transfer law
A large amount of energy is lost at
each trophic level, during its flow.
It is estimated that 80-90 % of the
energy is lost at each trophic level .
only about 10% energy is
transferred fro one level to the next
level.

5. Food chain
• ‘The chain of organism (at different
trophic level), in which organism are
linked together for their food
requirement , is called food chain’.
• Food chain can better be expressed as ‘
a sequence of eaters, being eaten’

7. What’s in a Food Chain?
• Producers
• Consumers
• Decomposers

8. Producers
• They convert this energy to into chemical
energy by photosynthesis.
• They work as transducer so ‘zsigmondy’
also called it transducers
• SUN is ultimate source of energy.
6CO2+12H2O SUNLIGHT
C6H12O6+6O2+6H2O

9. Three Types of Consumers
• Herbivores
• Carnivores
• Omnivores

10. Herbivores
• Animals who eat plants such as:
–grasshoppers
–rabbits
–squirrels
–deer
–pandas

11. Carnivores
• Animals who only eat other
animals such as:
–tigers
–lions
–hawks
–wolves
–cougars

12. • Animals who eat both plants and
animals such as:
–humans
–bears
Omnivores

13. • A food chain in an ecosystem represents
the flow of energy and matter. It can be
shown as below.
Secondary consumer
Primary consumer
Producers
Teritiary consumer

14. Food web
• In an ecosystem islolated food chain does
not exist. Their ia an interconnection of
various food chains in ecosystem.
• This is interconnection of many food
chains.
• A food web express the pettern of energy
and nutrients flow.

15. Food web

16. References
• Conceptual biology
( Agrawal)

17. Thank You