The Development of the Placenta Simplified Presentation Specially for Nursing BSN AND MBBS Student's by AYUSH BELWAL Government Medical College Haldwani Uttarakhand #Obstetrics #Gynaecology #Nursing #Medical #Presentation #Governmentcollege

1. OBGYN

2. Placenta Development
The Human Placenta is,
➔ Discoid , ( Because of the shape of the
Placenta )
➔ Hemochorial
( Because of the direct connection of the
chorion with the maternal side )
➔ Deciduate
( Because of shedding maternal tissue at
Parturition )
Placenta
Discoid Hemochorial Deciduate

3. Development of the Placenta
➔ The development of the placenta is
through the maternal and the fetal
component
➔ The fetal component is Chorion frondosum
➔ The maternal component is Decidua
Basalis
➔ The interstitial implantation is completed
on the 11 th Day
( The blastocyst is surrounded by the
lacunar spaces around the cords of
syncytial cells called the
Trabeculae

4. Development of the Placenta
➔ On the 13th Day after that ,
develops
Trabeculae Stem Villi
Connect
Chorionic Plate Basal Plate
thereby the primary, secondary and tertiary
Villi are developed from the stem villi

5. Development of the Placenta
Follow for reading further notes
on the development of the
Placenta
In the coming post we will study
the further development
of the Placenta
from 21st Day till term

6. Development of the Placenta
Development on the 21st Day
Arterio - Capillary - Venous system
in the mesenchymal core
of each villus is completed
This makes connection
with the intra fetal vascular
system through the body stalk
that is the
Umbilical Cord

7. Development of the Placenta
thereafter the lacunar spaces becomes
Confluent with one another ,
And
By 3 to 4 week form a multilocular Receptacle
➔ This space forms the intervillous space
➔ As the growth proceds the decidua
capsularis becomes thinner begining at
the 6th week
➔ The villi and the lacunar spaces in the
decicua capsularis get obliterated
converting the chorion into
chorion laeve

8. Development of the Placenta
This conversion of the chorion into the
chorion laeve is however enhanced by the
Exuberant growth and And the further
Proliferation of the Division and
Decidua basalis the subdivision
of the chorion villi
in the embryonic pole
Chorion frondosum

9. Development of the Placenta
➔ These Decidua basalis and the chorion
frondosum forms the discrete placenta
➔ it essentially begins at 6th week and
concludes by the 12th week
➔ The placenta grows both in the thickness
and circumference as the development
reaches the 16th week and this is due to
the growth of the chorionic villi and the
accompanying expansion of the
intervillous space
➔ And more than 16th week there is
Reduction in increase of thickness

10. Development of the Placenta
Follow for reading further notes
on the details of placenta
during the term
in coming notes we’ll be further studying
the various structures related to the
Placenta

11. Placenta at the Term
The Placenta at term is almost a circular
Disc
➔ Diameter being the 15 - 20 cm
➔ Thickness being 3cm at centre and it
becomes thin towards the edges
➔ Placenta at term feels like a sponge
➔ The weight at term is around to be the
500 gm
➔ At the term placenta occupies around
30% of the Uterine wall

12. Placenta at the Term
➔ The placenta at the term consist of
2 surfaces
fetal surface Maternal surface
andPlacental Margin of periphery

13. Placenta at the Term
for reading further notes on
The fetal surface and the maternal surface
of the
Placenta
#2020

14. The fetal surface of Placenta
➔ The fetal surface chorionic plate that is
covered on surface by the smooth and
glistening amnion with the umbilical
cord attached at or near the centre.
➔ The various branches of the umbilical
vessels are visible beneath the amnion as
they radiate from the insertion of the
cord.
➔ The amnion can be peeled from the
chorion from the parts other than the
region of the insertion of the cord.

15. The fetal surface of placenta
➔ At the term the fetal surface occupies
⅘ of the Placenta

16. The maternal surface of placenta
❏ The maternal surface is rough and
spongy like.
❏ The greyish layer that is remnant of the
decidua basalis has come away with the
placenta
❏ The maternal surface has 15-20
somewhat convex polygonal areas known
as lobes or cotyledons that are limited by
the fissures.
❏ Each fissure has decidual septum that is
derived from the basal plate

17. The maternal surfece of placenta
❏ There are greyish degenerated areas that
are due to the calcium deposition
❏ The maternal portion of the placenta is
actually less than
⅕ of the whole
placenta

18. The margins of placenta
➔ The peripheral margins are limited
because of the thickened basal and the
chorionic plates and is continuous with
the chorion laeve and the amnion
➔ Actually the chorion and the placenta are
same structure but the placenta is rather
the specialised part of the Chorion.

19. Attachment of the placenta
❏ The placenta is usually attached to the
upper part of the body of the uterus at
the fundus adjacent to the A/P anterior
or the posterior wall.
❏ The attachment to the uterine wall is
effective due to anchoring villi
connecting the chorionic plate with the
basal plate and also by the fused decidua
capsularis with the chorion laeve at the
margin.

20. Separation of the Placenta
The placenta separates by the
line of separation that is through the
decidua spongiosum

21. Structures related to the placenta
Placenta
Chorionic plate Basal plate
❏ Lies internally Maternal side
❏ Amniotic
Membrane
❏ Umbilical cord
intervillousspace

22. Structures of the Placenta

23. Structures related to Placenta
➔ Amniotic Membrane
The amniotic membrane is a single layer
and is loosely attached to the adjacent
chorionic plate
This membrane is not involved in the
placental formation
➔ Chorionic Plate
This plate consist of the mesenchymal
tissue containing branches of
Umbilical vessels
This plate consist of syncytiotrophoblast
on the inside
And cytotrophoblast on outside.

24. Structures related to Placenta
➔ The chorionic plate forms the boundry of
the choriodecidual plate.
➔ Basal Plate
➔ There are structures those are arranged
appropriately to form the basal plate.
❏ Syncytiotrophoblast
❏ Cytotrophoblastic shell
❏ Nitabuch’s layer
❏ Part of compact and
spongy layer of the decidua basalis.
Outward
inward

25. Structures related to Placenta
➔ The basal plate is perforated by the spiral
branches of the uterine vessels through
which the maternal oxygenated fluid
flows into the intervillous space
➔ These are the places where the placental
septum or the decidual septa goes from
the basal plate into the intervillous space
➔ The area between the septa are known as
cotyledons or the lobes those are observed
from the maternal surface and these
lobes are 15-20 in the number

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