This study assessed the impact of a multidisciplinary approach using telemedicine to manage 158 breast cancer patients in rural areas between 2009 and 2012. The multidisciplinary team discussed each patient's case and treatment plan via telemedicine. This approach led to more patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery and improved outcomes for breast cancer patients in rural, underserved areas by providing specialized care via telemedicine.
Breast cancer is a malignancy originating from breast tissue. This chapter
distinguishes between early stages, which are potentially curable, and
metastatic breast cancer (MBC), which is usually incurable.
Breast cancer is a malignancy originating from breast tissue. This chapter
distinguishes between early stages, which are potentially curable, and
metastatic breast cancer (MBC), which is usually incurable.
Report Back from SGO 2023: What’s New in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research? Join Dr. Evelyn Cantillo, gynecologic oncologist at Weill Cornell Medicine, as she shares the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2023 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Cantillo will also highlight what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Evaluation of Breast Cancer in Reference to Skin ChangesQUESTJOURNAL
Introduction:- Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring female cancer in the world which is more than double that of the second ranked cancer i.e. cervical cancer. Breast cancer accounts for 23% of all cancer deaths. It is the most frequent cancer death in developing countries of the world. Mammary skin changed in breast carcinoma is categorized as advance stage in breast cancer classification. In the present study we evaluated the correlation of macroscopic, microscopic and no skin changes with axillary lymph node using histologic factor dermal lymphatic involvement. Materials and methods: prospective study was conducted on 42 breast cancer admitted patients of different age groups. Based on degree of skin involvement patients were placed into four groups, i.e. clinical stageT1 toT4. All groups were compared on the basis of percentage of patients involvement according to T1, T2, T3 and T4 stage, tumor size, histopathological dermis and epidermis involvement, dermal lymphatic invasion, tumor size and tumor subtype. Results: Majority of the patients with skin (dermis and epidermis) infiltration by the tumor (94.4%) were of T4 stage (along with dermal lymphatic invasion). Majority of the patients with only dermal lymphatic involvement (87.5%) without dermis and epidermis infiltration were of T2 stage. Conclusion: In our study, most of the patients of stage T2 and T3 with dermal lymphatic invasion had involved node when studied by routine histologic technique even though they were not clinically palpable. The identification of characteristics of the primary tumor like dermal lymphatic invasion that are associated with nodal metastases should encourage the surgeon to perform a more extensive axillary lymph node dissection and the pathologist to use methods of examining the nodes that increase the likelihood of finding metastatic disease. From this we can conclude that patients in early stage breast cancer may also have metastatic axillary lymph nodes. Dermal lymphatic invasion may be regarded as the precursor of nodal involvement, and all patients with nodal involvement can be assumed to have lymphatic invasion in the primary tumors. However the converse may not be true, not all patients with lymphatic invasion have nodal involvement.
Report Back from SGO: What’s the Latest in Uterine Cancer?bkling
Dr. Jeannine Villella, Chief of Gynecologic Oncology at Lenox Hill Hospital, provides a comprehensive update from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Villella breaks down what the research presented at the conference means for you and discusses new developments.
Standard Treatment Guidelines
serve as an important vehicle in assisting the doctor in decision making & providing the best treatment options for her patients.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Report Back from SGO 2023: What’s New in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research? Join Dr. Evelyn Cantillo, gynecologic oncologist at Weill Cornell Medicine, as she shares the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2023 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Cantillo will also highlight what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Evaluation of Breast Cancer in Reference to Skin ChangesQUESTJOURNAL
Introduction:- Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring female cancer in the world which is more than double that of the second ranked cancer i.e. cervical cancer. Breast cancer accounts for 23% of all cancer deaths. It is the most frequent cancer death in developing countries of the world. Mammary skin changed in breast carcinoma is categorized as advance stage in breast cancer classification. In the present study we evaluated the correlation of macroscopic, microscopic and no skin changes with axillary lymph node using histologic factor dermal lymphatic involvement. Materials and methods: prospective study was conducted on 42 breast cancer admitted patients of different age groups. Based on degree of skin involvement patients were placed into four groups, i.e. clinical stageT1 toT4. All groups were compared on the basis of percentage of patients involvement according to T1, T2, T3 and T4 stage, tumor size, histopathological dermis and epidermis involvement, dermal lymphatic invasion, tumor size and tumor subtype. Results: Majority of the patients with skin (dermis and epidermis) infiltration by the tumor (94.4%) were of T4 stage (along with dermal lymphatic invasion). Majority of the patients with only dermal lymphatic involvement (87.5%) without dermis and epidermis infiltration were of T2 stage. Conclusion: In our study, most of the patients of stage T2 and T3 with dermal lymphatic invasion had involved node when studied by routine histologic technique even though they were not clinically palpable. The identification of characteristics of the primary tumor like dermal lymphatic invasion that are associated with nodal metastases should encourage the surgeon to perform a more extensive axillary lymph node dissection and the pathologist to use methods of examining the nodes that increase the likelihood of finding metastatic disease. From this we can conclude that patients in early stage breast cancer may also have metastatic axillary lymph nodes. Dermal lymphatic invasion may be regarded as the precursor of nodal involvement, and all patients with nodal involvement can be assumed to have lymphatic invasion in the primary tumors. However the converse may not be true, not all patients with lymphatic invasion have nodal involvement.
Report Back from SGO: What’s the Latest in Uterine Cancer?bkling
Dr. Jeannine Villella, Chief of Gynecologic Oncology at Lenox Hill Hospital, provides a comprehensive update from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Villella breaks down what the research presented at the conference means for you and discusses new developments.
Standard Treatment Guidelines
serve as an important vehicle in assisting the doctor in decision making & providing the best treatment options for her patients.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
7. 158 consecutive women with breast lesions
from November 2009 to Feb. 2012
All patients discussed in MDM inculded
8. Stage II a Stage II b Stage III a Stage III b Stage IV
66 0 35 14 33
9. Total patients 148
Mean age 45 +_ 5years
Mean tumor size 5.5+_ 2cm
10. 46.1% patients were referred to HFH for
MRM after chemotherapy
53.9% were referred to NORI for
chemotherapy and later on their MRM was
done.
11. MRM was performed in 66 and breast
conservative surgery in 2.
Stage II (42.7%) was the commonest.
MDM led to increase in Neoadjuvant
chemotherapy
