Quick Overview of What is Design Thinking

1. DESIGN THINKING
Real that which exists only in an imagined
future
Creative strategies for designers during the process of designing

2. DESIGN THINKING
• An approach to resolve issues outside of professional design
practice, such as in business and social contexts
• Uses the designer's sensibility and methods to match people's
needs with what is technologically feasible
• A viable business strategy that can convert into customer value
and market opportunity

3. ORIGINS
• Herbert A. Simon's 1969 book The Sciences of the Artificial
• Robert McKim's 1973 book Experiences in Visual Thinking
• Bryan Lawson's 1980 book How Designers Think
• A 1982 article by Nigel Cross
• Peter Rowe's 1987 book Design Thinking
• Rolf Faste expanded on McKim's work at Stanford University during 80’s/90’s
• Design thinking was adapted by Faste's colleague David M. Kelley, who founded
the design consultancy IDEO in 1991
• Richard Buchanan's 1992 article "Wicked Problems in Design Thinking"

4. DESIGNERS VS SCIENTISTS
• Hypothesis -> Feedback -> Theory/Model
• Design thinking considers Customer’s emotional state and stated/non-stated
needs regarding the problem in addition to the above stated Scientific
Method
• Analysis and Synthesis
• Breakdown and Combine
• Divergent Thinking and Convergent Thinking
• Explore and then narrow down

5. ATTRIBUTES
Principles
Wicked Problems
The “a-ha moment”
Use of Visual Analogy
Methods and Processes
Social Innovation
Principles
• The Human Rule
• The Ambiguity Rule
• The Re-design Rule
• The tangibility Rule

6. PROCESS FOR DESIGN THINKING
• Define, Research, Ideate, Prototype, Choose, Implement, and Learn
• (Re)defining the problem, Need finding and benchmarking, Ideating,
Building, Testing
• Plan, Do, Study, Act
Common traits: creativity, ambidextrous thinking, teamwork, user-
centeredness (empathy), curiosity and optimism

7. PROCESS FOR DESIGN THINKING

8. THANK YOU…