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1. DEFINATION : ACCESS
SPECIFIERS
Access specifiers(or access modifiers) are keywords in
object-oriented languages that sets the accessibility of the
classes , methods and others members

2. .
THEREARE4 TYPESOF JAVAACCESSSPECIFIERS:
i. DEFAULT
ii. PRIVATE
iii.PROTECTED
iv.PUBLIC

4. Access Modifiers in java
• Java provides a number of access modifiers to set
access levels for classes, variables, methods and
constructors.
The four access levels are −
• Visible to the package, the default. No modifiers are
needed.
• Visible to the class only (private).
• Visible to the world (public).
• Visible to the package and all subclasses (protected).

6. 1.]DEFAULT ACCESS SPECIFIER:
No keyword is required to specify default
access specifier
When no access modifier is specified for a
class, method or data member it is said to be
having the default access specifier by default.
Default access specifier are accessible within the
same package.

7. 2. ]PRIVATE ACCESS SPECIFIER:
 The private access specifier is specified using the
keyword private.
 The methods or data members declared as private
are accessible only within the class in which they are
declared.
Any other class of same package will not be able to
access these members.
 Classes or interface can not be declared as private.

8. PRIVATE Example
1.class A{
2.private int data=40;
3.private void msg(){System.out.println("Hello java");}
4.}
5.
6.public class Simple{
7. public static void main(String args[]){
8. A obj=new A();
9. System.out.println(obj.data);//Compile Time Error
10. obj.msg();//Compile Time Error
11. }
12.}

9. PRIVATE Example – setter & getter
public class Logger {
private String format;
public String getFormat() {
return this.format;
}
public void setFormat(String format) {
this.format = format;
}
}

10. PRIVATE Example – setter & getter
class Data {
private String name;
// getter method
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
// setter method
public void setName(String name) {
this.name= name;
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] main){
Data d = new Data();
// access the private variable using the getter and setter
d.setName(“Ganpat Univ");
System.out.println(d.getName());
}
}

11. 3. ]PROTECTED ACCESS
SPECIFIER:
The protected access specifier is specified
using the keyword protected.
The methods or data members declared as
protected are accessible within same package
or sub classes in different package.

12. PROTECTED Example
class Animal {
// protected method
protected void display() {
System.out.println("I am an animal");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// create an object of Dog class
Dog d = new Dog();
// access protected method
d.display();
}
}

13. PROTECTED Example
package p1;
//Class A
public class A
{
protected void display()
{
System.out.println("Learning JAVA");
}
}
package p2;
import p1.*; //importing all classes in package p1
//Class B is subclass of A
class B extends A
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
B obj = new B();
obj.display();
}
}

14. .4]PUBLIC ACCESS SPECIFIER:
 The public access specifier is specified using the
keyword public.
 The public access specifier has the widest scope
among all other access modifiers.
 Classes, methods or data members which are
declared as public are accessible from every where in
the program. There is no restriction on the scope of
a public data members.

15. ACCESS LEVELS
Specifier Class Package Subclass Everywhere
Default Y Y N N
Private Y N N N
Protected Y Y Y N
Public Y Y Y Y

16. Access Modifiers