This presentation highlighting the four kinds of child labour which is manifested in 'Oliver Twist' by Charles Dickens. Along with that here you can also see portrayal of Child Labour in Indian Cinema.

1. Types of
Child Labour
in
Oliver Twist

2. Victorian Literature
Name : Asha R. Dhedhi
Roll no : 02
Semester: M.A. SEM - 2 (2020-21)
Enrollment No: 2069108420200010
Email ID: ashadhedhi1806@gmail.com
Submitted to: Department of English
(MKBU)

3. Objectives of Presentation
● Highlighting the issues of
nineteenth century England
● Impact of Industrial Revolution on
Child Labour, along with How
Indian cinema raised the issue of
Child Labour
● Exemplify the forms of Child
Labour and Effect of Child Labour
in “Oliver Twist”

4. Definition For Child Labour
“Child is Anyone who is below 18”
From United Nations Convention on the Rights of the
child.(Article-1)
According to ITUC
Child Labour is often defined as work that
deprives children, their childhood, their
potential, and their dignity, and that is
harmful to physical and mental
development.

5. Oliver Twist as Social Novel
● Highlights Underworld of
London (England)
● Poverty as Social Illness
● Class Discrimination
● Victimization of
Women(Nancy)
● Thievery and Pick
Pocketing
● Social Injustice with
Children or Women

6. Oppression
of
Children
Marginalization
Powerlessness
ExploitationViolence

7. Four
Types
of
Child
Labour
1.
2.
3.
4.
Domestic
Violence
Working in
Industries
Slavery and
Forced
Labour
Child
Trafficking

8. Domestic Work
“So You’ll begin to pick Oakum
tomorrow Morning at Six O’Clock”
(C-2/P-15)
● Work in Family
home or outside
the home
● Isolates Children
from Schooling

9. Working In Industries
● Dangerous For Children
● Leads to Poisoning, Respiratory and Skin
disease, Cuts, Burns, and even Death
● Regular and Casual work can legal or
illegal
● Oliver works at Workhouse
“You feel sleepy, don't you my dear?
Tomorrow Morning you must up to
chimney-sweeping”
(C-3/P-24)

10. • Domination of a Person by another
Person
• Made to work against their Own Will
Slavery and Forced Labour
There is an expression of
melancholy in his face, my dear -
resumed Mr. Sowerberry, “which is
very interesting. He would make a
delightful mute, my love.”
(C-5/P-35)

11. Child Trafficking
● Illegal trading of children for labour or
sexual exploitation
● Nancy as prostitute
“Oliver was ordered into instant
confinement, and a bill was next morning
pasted on the outside of the gate, offering
a reward of five pounds to anybody who
would take Oliver Twist off the hands of
Parish”
(C-2/P-17)

12. Indian Cinema and
Child Labour
● Highlighting
the Harsh
Reality of
Urban Society
in India

13. Boot Polish
● Story of two Orphan Siblings
● Forced into Begging by their
Aunt
● Glimpse of Domestic work
and Forced Labour
“Kidhar Haj yeh nayi
duniya? Hum Kal bhi
bhookha marta tha aur aaj
bhi bhookha marta hai”

14. Slumdog Millionaire
● Children dwelling in slum area
● Abducted by gangsters and trained to beg for
a living
● Highlighting the Dark Side of Slum area in
India
This Modern day ‘rags to rajah’
fable won the audience award at
Toronto International Film
Festival, Slumdog Millionaire
plays like Charles Dickens for the
21 Century.
(Ann Hornaday)

15. 15
Physical
Injuries and
Mutilations
Exhaustion
Malnutrition and
Famine
Effects
of
Child
Labour
Growth
Deficiency

16. References
● Jumiati, Sri, Oppression Reflected In Charles
Dickens’ Oliver Twist Novel (1837): A Sociological
Approach, 2015, Skripsi thesis, Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
● Nurhidayari, Evi, Children Abuse in Oliver Twist: A
Genetic Stucturalism, 2001, Muhammdiyah
University of Surakarta. Research Paper.
● Dickens, Charles.2013. Oliver Twist.
● Boyle, Danny, director. Slumdog Millionaire. Fox
Search Light Pictures, 30 Aug. 2008.

17. ● Prakash, Arora, director. Boot Polish. Raj Kapoor,
1954.
● Hornaday, Ann, "From 'Slumdog' to Riches In a Crowd-
Pleasing Fable", 12 November 2008, The Washington
Post. Retrieved 13 January 2009
● Parthasarathy, D, “Of Slumdogs, Doxosophers, and the
(In)Dignity of Labour(ers)", 30 September 2009, SSRN:
14. SSRN 2096954
● Jain, Pankaj, Virtue Ethics of Boot Polish and Dosti, as
Compared with Slumdog Millionaire, 2010, Visual
Anthropology. 23. 44-50.
10.1080/08949460903368911.

18. Thank
You