The coronary artery disease is an abnormal accumulation of lipid or fatty substance and fibrous tissue in the vessels wall . It also known as Ischemic heart disease. These substances create blockage or narrow the vessels in a way the reduse blood flow to myocardium. Atherosclerotic plaque is common cause of Coronary artery disease.

1. Coronary Artery
Disease
Mr.Aryan sharma
B.Sc Nursing 4th year

2. Introduction
• Coronary artery disease is an reduction of blood flow to the heart muscles
due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart.
• Atherosclerotic plaque:- It is an abnormal and reversible accumulation of
material ( Cholestrol ,lipid ) in the inner layer of an artery wall.
• Arteriosclerosis:-In which thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the
walls of arteries.

3. Definition
• Coronary artery disease (CAD) cause impaired blood flow in the arteries that
supply blood to the heart also known as Ischemic heart disease.
• Other names of CAD
• Coronary heart disease
• Ischemic heart disease
• Myocardial ischemia

4. Incidence
• Approximately 16.5 million Americans over the age of 20 year Are affected
by the coronary heart disease.
• Leading cause of death for both men and women in United States.
• As of 2010, CAD was the leading cause of death globally resulting in over 7
million deaths. This increase from 5.2 million deaths from CAD worldwide
in 1990.

5. Causes and Risk factors
• Atherosclerosis/arteriosclerosis
• High blood pressure
• Smoking
• Diabetes lack of exercise
• Obesity
• High blood cholesterol

6. Clinical features
• Angina pectoris
• Shortness of breathing
• Back pain
• Tightness
• Burning
• Activity intolerance

7. Complications
• Heart failure
• Myocardial infraction
• Cardiogenic shock
• Cardiac arrest
• Arrhythmias

8. Treatment
• Medical treatment :-
• Aspirin (blood thinner)
• Nitroglycerin
• Statins

9. • Surgical treatment :-
• PTCA(Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty)
• Angioplasty
• CABG(Coronary artery bypass surgery/graft)

10. Prevention
• Healthy diet
• Regular exercise
• Maintain healthy weight
• Avoid smoking
• Aviod high fatty/Cholesterol diet