major project vehicle accident prevention.pdf

1. VEHICLE
ACCIDENT
PREVENTION
SYSTEM
USING EYE BLINK SENSOR

2. INTRODUCTION
• Vehicle Accidents are more common if driving is Inadequate.
• Various things involved in car crashes such as high speed, sleep while
driving other distractions such as texting while driving, talking to others,
playing with children, etc.
• Driver Drowsiness is recognized as an important factor in Vehicle Accident.
• The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates
that 1,00,000 accidents are the direct result of driver fatigue each year.
• The only solution to this problem is detecting the drowsiness and alerting
the driver.
• In this Project, we will prevent the road accident using Eye Blink Sensor
where a vehicle is stopped immediately and intimated whenever necessary.

3. PURPOSE OF THIS SYSTEM
• The basic purpose of this system is to track the driver’s eye movements using
Eye blink Sensor and if the driver is feeling drowsy, then the system will trigger
the system by stopping the wheel movement of car ultimately stopping the car
and a loud buzzer alert.
• This will prevent accident as the due to beep sound the driver will be awaked
and if not the vehicle will automatically stop.
• This project can be really helpful by saving the precious life of person.

4. COMPONENT REQUIRED
• 1. Arduino UNO
• 2. Eye Blink Sensor with Goggles
• 3. 2 Channel 5V Relay Module
• 4. 9V Battery +Jack
• 5. Dual Shaft DC Geared Motor 100 RPM (BO Motor)
• 6. Robot Wheel 65mm for DC Geared Motor
• 7. Some Jumpers ( for Connection Male to Female )
• 8. Buzzer

5. COSTING

6. COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
• 1. EYE BLINK SENSOR
• Eye blink Sensor is a relatively simple sensor used to detect eye blink.
• The infrared sensor is mounted on the glasses and positioned in a way so
that it lines up with the user’s eye.
• The infrared then gives an output HIGH signal when the sensor detects a
blink, that is the user closes their eyes. The infrared sensor also has an
onboard indicator LED to alert the user of the same.
• About Pins→
• IR Sensor has 3 pins – 1.Vcc 2. GND 3. OUT
• VCC and GND can be connected to the system
• The OUT pin can directly connected to any digital input pin of any
microcontroller

7. Working Principle of Eye Blink Sensor
• The IR sensor works based on the principle of IR.
• The onboard IR array contains two components, an IR Emitter and an IR Photodiode
• The IR Emitter emits an IR light towards the eye. The IR Photodiode is designed to
detect if the radiation of the same wavelength is reflected back and detected. If the eye is
closed, the IR rays will reflect back with a larger intensity and the photodiode will detect
it. If the eye is open, the IR rays will either go into the eye or scatter across the eye
thereby causing a very low intensity of reflected IR light. Therefore, by monitoring the
Photodiode, we can come to a reasonable conclusion if the eye is indeed closed or not.

8. 2. RELAY MODULE
• Arduino runs on 5 volts,it cannot directly
control these high-voltage appliances like
bulb, fan ,motors etc
• This is where relay modules (
Electromagnetic Switch )come into play.
• . The device is connected between the COM
(common) terminal and either the NC
(normally closed) or NO (normally open)
terminal, depending on whether the device
should remain normally on or off.

9. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT

11. CONNECTION
EYE BLINK SENSOR Arduino
Vcc 5V
GND GND
Vout D 10
RELAY Arduino
Vcc 5V
GND GND
IN1 D11
NC
Common
NO
Connect the (+) Terminal of motor to
(+) of battery

13. CODE
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(13,OUTPUT); // Buzzer connected to pin 13
pinMode(11,OUTPUT); // Relay is connect to pin 11
pinMode(10,INPUT); //Eye Blink Sensor out pin connected to pin 10
}
void loop() {
long s1=digitalRead(10);
Serial.println(s1);

14. if(s1==HIGH) // when eye closed
{
delay(3000);
digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(11,HIGH); // Vehicle stopped after s1 =high when eye closed
}
else{
delay(500);
digitalWrite(13,LOW);
digitalWrite(11,LOW); // Vehicle Running
}

15. The duration of a blink is on average 100–150 milliseconds
according to UCL researcher and between 100 and 400
ms according to the Harvard Database of Useful Biological
Numbers. Closures in excess of 1000 ms were defined as
microsleeps

16. Start
Eye Blink Sensor
Is Drowsing Detected?