Intravenous HCl or hemodialysis with a low-bicarbonate dialysate can be used to correct severe metabolic alkalosis when sodium or potassium chloride cannot be administered orally. Peritoneal dialysis using an isotonic sodium chloride solution as the dialysate can also correct metabolic alkalosis. Additionally, ammonium chloride can be administered to treat severe metabolic alkalosis related to chloride deficiency, as it is converted in the liver to ammonia and hydrochloric acid, releasing HCl to help correct the alkalosis.