2. FUNDOSCOPY
IN PIH
RETINA
Mirror to the cardiovascular system of the body
FUNDOSCOPY
Visualization of hypertensive changes
PIH
Retinal changes run parallel with the severity of
hypertension hence that of pre-eclampsia
11. RETINOPATHY
Fibrinoid necrosis in the vessel wall
Located in the Nerve fibre layer of retina
Bright red flamed shaped hemorrhage
FLAME SHAPED
HAEMORRGHAGES
12. RETINOPATHY
Increased capillary Permeability
Retinal edema
Precipitation of lipids
Discrete dense yellow lesions
Macular star
HARD EXUDATES
MACULAR STAR
16. KEITH-
WAGENE
R-
BARKER
1939
FEATURES K-W-R GRADING SURVIVAL
Narrowing of the retinal arteries I EXCELLENT
A-V CHANGES
SALU’S SIGN AND GUNN’S SIGN
II GOOD
RETINOPATHY
SOFT EXUDATES
FLAME HAEMORRHAGES
HARD EXUDATES
RETINAL EDEMA/RETINALDetachment
III
POOR
DISC EDEMA IV VERY POOR